{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T05:46:27Z","timestamp":1793166387200,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753401600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007150","name":"United Therapeutics Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007150","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pulm Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s41030-025-00307-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T07:51:48Z","timestamp":1753429908000},"page":"491-501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Study Design and Rationale for the PHINDER Study: Pulmonary Hypertension Screening in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease for Earlier Detection"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"11","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct05776225","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Tejaswini","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Zisman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oksana A.","family":"Shlobin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Kiely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maral","family":"DerSarkissian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin M.","family":"Maher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith","family":"Broderick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Beth","family":"Scholand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"307_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01324-2024","author":"G Kovacs","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kovacs G, Bartolome S, Denton CP, et al. Definition, classification and diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/13993003.01324-2024.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"307_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01200-2024","author":"OA Shlobin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shlobin OA, Adir Y, Barbera JA, et al. Pulmonary hypertension associated with lung diseases. Eur Respir J. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/13993003.01200-2024.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"25 Suppl","key":"307_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.10.036","volume":"62","author":"W Seeger","year":"2013","unstructured":"Seeger W, Adir Y, Barbera JA, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung diseases. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(25 Suppl):D109\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.10.036.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"307_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201308-1483ST","volume":"188","author":"WD Travis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Travis WD, Costabel U, Hansell DM, et al. An official American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society statement: Update of the international multidisciplinary classification of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;188(6):733\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201308-1483ST.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"307_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.684699","volume":"12","author":"T Shao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shao T, Shi X, Yang S, et al. Interstitial lung disease in connective tissue disease: a common lesion with heterogeneous mechanisms and treatment considerations. Front Immunol. 2021;12: 684699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.684699.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"307_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2008.01624.x","volume":"160","author":"SD Nathan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nathan SD. Pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease. Int J Clin Pract Suppl. 2008;160:21\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2008.01624.x.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract Suppl"},{"issue":"4","key":"307_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2013.08.004","volume":"34","author":"SD Nathan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nathan SD, Hassoun PM. Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease and\/or hypoxia. Clin Chest Med. 2013;34(4):695\u2013705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccm.2013.08.004.","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"307_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.04.046","volume":"158","author":"CS King","year":"2020","unstructured":"King CS, Shlobin OA. The trouble with group 3 pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease: dilemmas in diagnosis and the conundrum of treatment. Chest. 2020;158(4):1651\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2020.04.046.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"307_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2008470","volume":"384","author":"A Waxman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Waxman A, Restrepo-Jaramillo R, Thenappan T, et al. Inhaled treprostinil in pulmonary hypertension due to interstitial lung disease. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(4):325\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2008470.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"307_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-2488","volume":"133","author":"DA Zisman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zisman DA, Karlamangla AS, Kawut SM, et al. Validation of a method to screen for pulmonary hypertension in advanced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Chest. 2008;133(3):640\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.07-2488.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"10","key":"307_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2007.05.012","volume":"101","author":"DA Zisman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zisman DA, Ross DJ, Belperio JA, et al. Prediction of pulmonary hypertension in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Med. 2007;101(10):2153\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2007.05.012.","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"307_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203301","volume":"73","author":"JG Coghlan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Coghlan JG, Denton CP, Grunig E, et al. Evidence-based detection of pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis: the DETECT study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(7):1340\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203301.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"307_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pul2.12141","volume":"12","author":"R Parikh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Parikh R, Konstantinidis I, O\u2019Sullivan DM, Farber HW. Pulmonary hypertension in patients with interstitial lung disease: a tool for early detection. Pulm Circ. 2022;12(4): e12141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pul2.12141.","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"issue":"3","key":"307_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pul2.12273","volume":"13","author":"R Parikh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Parikh R, O\u2019Sullivan DM, Farber HW. The PH-ILD Detection tool: external validation and use in patients with ILD. Pulm Circ. 2023;13(3): e12273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pul2.12273.","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"issue":"4","key":"307_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2023.11.005","volume":"43","author":"SD Nathan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nathan SD, Chandel A, Wang Y, et al. Derivation and validation of a noninvasive prediction tool to identify pulmonary hypertension in patients with IPF: evolution of the model FORD. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2024;43(4):547\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healun.2023.11.005.","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"issue":"1","key":"307_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2022.02.012","volume":"162","author":"FF Rahaghi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rahaghi FF, Kolaitis NA, Adegunsoye A, et al. Screening strategies for pulmonary hypertension in patients with interstitial lung disease: a multidisciplinary Delphi Study. Chest. 2022;162(1):145\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2022.02.012.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"38","key":"307_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3618","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac237","volume":"43","author":"M Humbert","year":"2022","unstructured":"Humbert M, Kovacs G, Hoeper MM, et al. 2022 ESC\/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2022;43(38):3618\u2013731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac237.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"7","key":"307_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202402-141RL","volume":"21","author":"SL Khan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khan SL, Danoff SK, Kulkarni T, et al. Practice patterns for screening and treating interstitial lung disease-related pulmonary hypertension at specialty care centers in the United States. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2024;21(7):1103\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202402-141RL.","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"307_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pul2.12127","volume":"12","author":"SM Nikkho","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nikkho SM, Richter MJ, Shen E, et al. Clinical significance of pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease: a consensus statement from the Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute\u2019s innovative drug development initiative-Group 3 pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ. 2022;12(3): e12127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pul2.12127.","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"key":"307_CR20","unstructured":"Case AN, SD, Abrencillo R, Bemiss B, Collins B, et al. Pulmonary hypertension related to ILD (for health care providers). Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation & Pulmonary Hypertension Association; 2023."},{"issue":"1","key":"307_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12310","DOI":"10.1002\/pul2.12310","volume":"14","author":"OA Shlobin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shlobin OA, Shen E, Wort SJ, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in the setting of interstitial lung disease: approach to management and treatment. A consensus statement from the Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute\u2019s Innovative Drug Development Initiative-Group 3 Pulmonary Hypertension. Pulm Circ. 2024;14(1):e12310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pul2.12310.","journal-title":"Pulm Circ."},{"key":"307_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9123828","author":"EH Alhamad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alhamad EH, Cal JG, Alrajhi NN, Alharbi WM. Predictors of mortality in patients with interstitial lung disease-associated pulmonary hypertension. J Clin Med. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9123828.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"307_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000599","volume":"25","author":"CS King","year":"2019","unstructured":"King CS, Nathan SD. Pulmonary hypertension due to interstitial lung disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2019;25(5):459\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000599.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"307_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200510-1545OC","volume":"173","author":"HH Leuchte","year":"2006","unstructured":"Leuchte HH, Baumgartner RA, Nounou ME, et al. Brain natriuretic peptide is a prognostic parameter in chronic lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006;173(7):744\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.200510-1545OC.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"307_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pul2.12405","volume":"14","author":"L Piccari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Piccari L, Kovacs G, Jones S, et al. The European Voice of the Patient living with pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease: diagnosis, symptoms, impacts, and treatments. Pulm Circ. 2024;14(2): e12405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pul2.12405.","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"}],"container-title":["Pulmonary Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s41030-025-00307-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s41030-025-00307-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s41030-025-00307-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T10:36:57Z","timestamp":1755859017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s41030-025-00307-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["307"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41030-025-00307-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2364-1754","2364-1746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2364-1754","type":"print"},{"value":"2364-1746","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Tejaswini Kulkarni reports consultation fees from United Therapeutics and Aileron, speaker\/ consultation fees from Boehringer Ingelheim Inc. and Veracyte, consultation\/advisory board fees from Avalyn and PureTech Health. David Zisman is on the speaker\u2019s bureau for, and received consultation fees from United Therapeutics Corp. Also, he declares he is partly funded by a generous gift from William and Jean Soman. Zisman was a previous author on the Delphi (Rahaghi, et al.) that was used to create the enrichment criteria for this study. David Kiely reports support from the Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, consulting fees and other payments from Jansen Pharmaceuticals, Ferrer, Altavant, MSD and United Therapeutics. Oksana Shlobin reports consultancy fees from United Therapeutics, Merck, Janssen and Aerami, payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, manuscript writing or educational events from Ferrera and United Therapeutics, participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board with Janssen, and leadership roles with ACCP\/CHEST and World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension task force. Shlobin was a previous author on the Delphi (Rahaghi, et al.) that was used to create the enrichment criteria for this study. Maral DerSarkissian is an employee of Analysis Group, Inc. which received research funds for her participation in this study. Eric Shen, Kevin Maher, and Meredith Broderick are employees of United Therapeutics. Mary Beth Scholand reports consultation fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Genentech, Veracyte, Imvaria, and United Therapeutics. Scholand was a previous author on the Delphi (Rahaghi, et al.) that was used to create the enrichment criteria for this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"This study protocol has been approved by the institutional review board at each participating site. This study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964, and its later amendments. All subjects provided informed consent to participate in the study. For this study, Advarra is the central IRB\/main center, but some sites utilize local IRB in addition to or instead of Advarra (see supplementary material for details) and the study was approved by all institutions.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}