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Birring reports an investigator-initiated research grant from MSD, and consultancy fees unrelated to this work from Merck, GSK, Trevi, Axalbion, Nocion, and Nerre.Paolo Spagnolo reports grants from Chiesi, Roche, Boehringer Ingelheim, and PPM Services; consultancy fees from Chiesi Farmaceutici, Novartis, and PPM Services; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, manuscript writing, or educational events from Boehringer Ingelheim; and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board with AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, CSL Behring, GlycoCore Pharma, Merck, Novartis, Structure Therapeutics, and Trevi.Paolo Spagnolo and Surinder Birring are Editorial Board members of Pulmonary Therapy. Paolo Spagnolo and Surinder Birring were not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of Interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}