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For the LTC patients, retrieval of anonymous data (blood samples, age and information on B12 supplements) from electronic patient records for quality surveillance purposes, was approved and performed as regularly by Department of Nursing Home Medicine in the Municipality of Bergen.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the PAC patients, and in case of moderate\/major cognitive impairment leading to a decline in judgement, from their closest proxy. For the LTC patients, no written informed consent was asked for since the limited dataset was truly anonymous, could not stigmatize any group, and blood sampling were performed routinely as part of half-yearly drug surveillance demanded by national authorities. This is in accordance with national legislation on anonymous data handling (). All patients, (or in the majority of cases their nearest proxy) had accepted that blood tests were taken to get information that would aid a critical medication review.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}