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The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the association of sarcopenia and low appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) with biomarkers of cardiac function, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and its N-terminal fragment (NT-proBNP), in patients with heart failure (HF).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>From inception until May 2023, a systematic literature search of observational studies was undertaken utilizing the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. A meta-analysis employing a random-effects model was used to compute the pooled effects (CRD42023418465). Overall, 16 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Our main analysis showed that sarcopenia in HF was linked to significantly higher levels of BNP (MD: 87.76, 95% CI 20.74\u2013154.78, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 61%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01) and NT-proBNP (MD: 947.45, 95% CI 98.97\u20131795.93, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 35%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03). Similarly, low ASM was associated with significantly higher levels of BNP (MD: 118.95, 95% CI 46.91\u2013191.00, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 93%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) and NT-proBNP (MD: 672.01, 95% CI 383.72\u2013960.30, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). The quality of the included cohort studies was considered moderate, using the binary AXIS checklist and the Cochrane Tool to Assess the Risk of Bias in Cohort Studies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In patients with HF, sarcopenia and reduced\u00a0ASM are associated with considerably higher plasma levels of BNP and NT-proBNP. Future research is required to investigate whether sarcopenia may express\u00a0dysregulated biomarkers of cardiac function.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-024-00950-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T13:01:38Z","timestamp":1709902898000},"page":"893-901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Sarcopenia is linked to higher levels of B-type natriuretic peptide and its N-terminal fragment in heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Prokopidis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Morwani-Mangnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garry","family":"McDowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory Y. 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