{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T01:13:27Z","timestamp":1777598007324,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Geriatr Med"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-026-01408-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T11:27:18Z","timestamp":1768303638000},"page":"781-795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A multidimensional analysis of fall risk among older adults in India: evidence from the longitudinal ageing study in India (LASI)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shreya","family":"Biswal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sakthi","family":"Kiruthika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sudeep M.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Avinash","family":"Chakrawarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naveet","family":"Wig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3904-4372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhijith Rajaram","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1408_CR1","unstructured":"United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2020) World population prospects 2019, Online Edition Rev. 1. United Nations, New York"},{"key":"1408_CR2","unstructured":"Government of India, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (2020) Elderly in India\u2014profile and programmes. MoSPI, New Delhi"},{"issue":"5","key":"1408_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01156.x","volume":"55","author":"SK Inouye","year":"2007","unstructured":"Inouye SK, Studenski S, Tinetti ME, Kuchel GA (2007) Geriatric syndromes: clinical, research, and policy implications of a core geriatric concept. J Am Geriatr Soc 55(5):780\u2013791. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01156.x","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"7","key":"1408_CR4","first-page":"771","volume":"57","author":"T Al-Aama","year":"2011","unstructured":"Al-Aama T (2011) Falls in the elderly: spectrum and prevention. Can Fam Physician 57(7):771\u2013776","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"1408_CR5","unstructured":"Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) (2025) International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS). Accessed January 19, 2025. Available from: https:\/\/www.iipsindia.ac.in\/lasi"},{"key":"1408_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rao AR, Bhagwasia M, Singh V, Bajpai S, Singhal S, Chatterjee P, Chakrawarty A, Dey S, Dey AB (2025) Prevalence and determinants of sarcopenia among older adults in India: insights from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India. J Am Geriatr Soc","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.19373"},{"key":"1408_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1454117","volume":"12","author":"Y Tewodros","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tewodros Y, Pasco JA, Tembo MC, Williams LJ, Holloway-Kew KL (2024) Falls and fall-related injuries: prevalence, characteristics, and treatment among participants of the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Front Public Health 12:1454117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1454117","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"1408_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Behera AB, Marzo RR, Lekamwasam S, Kisa A, Behera A, Pradhan S, Rajagopal V (2024) Prevalence of falls and associated factors among the elderly population in India: evidence from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI). The Evidence 2(2):e000XX (Epub ahead of print)","DOI":"10.61505\/evidence.2024.2.1.47"},{"key":"1408_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1019094","volume":"9","author":"Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Y, Hou L, Zhao H, Xie R, Yi Y, Ding X (2023) Risk factors for falls among community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med 9:1019094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.1019094","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1408_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1177\/10105395060180010901","volume":"18","author":"SJ Johnson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Johnson SJ (2006) Frequency and nature of falls among older women in India. Asia Pac J Public Health 18(1):56\u201361","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Public Health"},{"key":"1408_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-13-133","volume":"13","author":"RL Duckham","year":"2013","unstructured":"Duckham RL, Procter-Gray E, Hannan MT et al (2013) <article-title update=\"added\">Sex differences in circumstances and consequences of outdoor and indoor falls in older adults in the MOBILIZE Boston cohort study. BMC Geriatr 13:133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2318-13-133","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"1408_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2004.005835","volume":"11","author":"JA Stevens","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stevens JA, Sogolow ED (2005) Gender differences for non-fatal unintentional fall-related injuries among older adults. Inj Prev 11(2):115\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip.2004.005835","journal-title":"Inj Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"1408_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-12975-7","volume":"22","author":"S Srivastava","year":"2022","unstructured":"Srivastava S, Muhammad T (2022) Prevalence and risk factors of fall-related injury among older adults in India: evidence from a cross-sectional observational study. BMC Public Health 22(1):550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-022-12975-7","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"1408_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2022-219838","volume":"77","author":"X Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo X, Tang P, Zhang L et al (2023) Tobacco and alcohol consumption and the risk of frailty and falling: a Mendelian randomisation study. J Epidemiol Community Health 77(5):349\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech-2022-219838","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1408_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.15040","volume":"25","author":"S Kimura","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kimura S, Suzuki C, Kitamura K et al (2025) Smoking, alcohol consumption, and risk of recurrent falls in community-dwelling Japanese people aged 40\u201374 years: the Murakami cohort study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 25(1):67\u201374","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1408_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-03429-1","volume":"22","author":"Y Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun Y, Zhang B, Yao Q, Ma Y, Lin Y, Xu M, Hu M, Hao J, Jiang M, Qiu C, Zhu C (2022) Association between usual alcohol consumption and risk of falls in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. BMC Geriatr 22(1):750. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-022-03429-1","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"1408_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-025-05746-7","volume":"25","author":"T Oseni","year":"2025","unstructured":"Oseni T, Ibharokhonre A, Olawumi A et al (2025) Association between obesity, physical activity and falls among elderly patients in Southern Nigeria. BMC Geriatr 25:93","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"1408_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.7762\/cnr.2024.13.2.96","volume":"13","author":"E Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim E, Seol EM, Lee HJ (2024) Association of body mass index with fall risk and mortality in hospitalized older adults requiring nutritional support. Clin Nutr Res 13(2):96\u2013107","journal-title":"Clin Nutr Res"},{"key":"1408_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-14-22","volume":"14","author":"KM Sibley","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sibley KM, Voth J, Munce SE, Straus SE, Jaglal SB (2014) Chronic disease and falls in community-dwelling Canadians over 65 years: associations with number and pattern of chronic conditions. BMC Geriatr 14:22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2318-14-22","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"1408_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.231.299","volume":"231","author":"S Mizukami","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mizukami S, Arima K, Abe Y et al (2013) Falls are associated with stroke, arthritis, and polypharmacy among community-dwelling elderly in Japan. Tohoku J Exp Med 231(4):299\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1620\/tjem.231.299","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1408_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcgg.2016.03.004","volume":"7","author":"P Dhargave","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dhargave P, Sendhilkumar R (2016) Prevalence of risk factors for falls among elderly persons in long-term care homes. J Clin Gerontol Geriatr 7(3):99\u2013103","journal-title":"J Clin Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"1408_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181e89905","volume":"21","author":"S Deandrea","year":"2010","unstructured":"Deandrea S, Lucenteforte E, Bravi F et al (2010) Risk factors for falls in community-dwelling older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiology 21(5):658\u2013668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181e89905","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"1408_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afw140","volume":"45","author":"Y Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang Y, Hu X, Zhang Q, Zou R (2016) Diabetes mellitus and risk of falls in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Age Ageing 45(6):761\u2013767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afw140","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"1408_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-24876-6","volume":"25","author":"J Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu J, Lu W, He Y, Wang Y, Xu X, Lv Q, Chang H, Fu L, Chen X, Zhao Y, Zang X, Zhang X, Wei N (2025) Association between atherogenic index and risk of falls: a decade-long prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 25:3711","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1408_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s43465-019-00009-1","volume":"54","author":"R Vaishya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vaishya R, Vaish A (2020) Falls in older adults are serious. Indian J Orthop 54(1):69\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43465-019-00009-1","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"key":"1408_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-02814-0","volume":"22","author":"J Mehta","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mehta J, Czanner G, Harding S et al (2022) Visual risk factors for falls in older adults: a case\u2013control study. BMC Geriatr 22:134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-022-02814-0","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"1408_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2017.05.014","volume":"52","author":"T Kasuga","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kasuga T et al (2017) Visual impairment as an independent risk factor for falls in hospitalized patients. Can J Ophthalmol 52(6):559\u2013563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcjo.2017.05.014","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1408_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19731","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-70413-7","volume":"14","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Yan J, Long J et al (2024) Association between activities of daily living ability and injurious falls in older stroke patients. Sci Rep 14:19731","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1408_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2478\/fon-2020-0022","volume":"7","author":"S Arli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arli S, Y\u0131ld\u0131z M, Bakan A (2020) Relationship between fall risk and activities of daily living in older adults. Front Nurs 7:249\u2013256","journal-title":"Front Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"1408_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.22540\/JFSF-06-043","volume":"6","author":"SGR Neri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Neri SGR, Lima RM, Ribeiro HS, Vainshelboim B (2021) Poor handgrip strength is associated with falls in older women. J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls 6(2):43\u201349","journal-title":"J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls"},{"issue":"5","key":"1408_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0285530","volume":"18","author":"T Pham","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pham T, McNeil JJ, Barker AL et al (2023) Longitudinal association between handgrip strength, gait speed, and serious falls in community-dwelling older people. PLoS ONE 18(5):e0285530","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1408_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04003-9","volume":"23","author":"CE Adam","year":"2023","unstructured":"Adam CE, Fitzpatrick AL, Leary CS et al (2023) Change in gait speed and fall risk in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment. BMC Geriatr 23:328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-023-04003-9","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1408_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-200501000-00003","volume":"13","author":"N Gagnon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gagnon N, Flint AJ, Naglie G, Devins GM (2005) Affective correlates of fear of falling in elderly persons. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 13(1):7\u201314","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"1408_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101532","volume":"73","author":"L Gambaro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gambaro L, Gramaglia C, Azzolina D et al (2022) Depression, fear of falling, and risk of falls in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 73:101532. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101532","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"1408_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-3180.2021.0180.R1.15092021","volume":"140","author":"IV Fallaci","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fallaci IV, Fabr\u00edcio DM, Alexandre TDS, Chagas MHN (2022) Association between falls and cognitive performance among community-dwelling older people: a cross-sectional study. Sao Paulo Med J 140(3):422\u2013429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1516-3180.2021.0180.R1.15092021","journal-title":"Sao Paulo Med J"},{"issue":"6","key":"1408_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20064945","volume":"20","author":"F Rodrigues","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rodrigues F, Monteiro AM, Forte P, Morou\u00e7o P (2023) Effects of muscle strength, agility, and fear of falling on risk of falling in older adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 20(6):4945. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph20064945","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1408_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp020719","volume":"348","author":"ME Tinetti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tinetti ME (2003) Preventing falls in elderly persons. N Engl J Med 348(1):42\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMcp020719","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1408_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2013.02.009","volume":"75","author":"AF Ambrose","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ambrose AF, Paul G, Hausdorff JM (2013) Risk factors for falls among older adults: a review of the literature. Maturitas 75(1):51\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2013.02.009","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"23","key":"1408_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-015-0390-8","volume":"13","author":"J Stewart Williams","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stewart Williams J, Kowal P, Hestekin H, O\u2019Driscoll T, Peltzer K, Yawson A, Biritwum R, Maximova T, Salinas Rodr\u00edguez A, Manrique Espinoza B, Wu F (2015) Prevalence, risk factors and disability associated with fall-related injury in older adults in low-and middle-incomecountries: results from the WHO study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE). BMC Med 13(23):147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-015-0390-8","journal-title":"BMC Med"}],"container-title":["European Geriatric Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s41999-026-01408-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s41999-026-01408-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s41999-026-01408-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T08:02:18Z","timestamp":1777017738000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s41999-026-01408-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41999-026-01408-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-7657"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-7657","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 December 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 January 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. All co-authors have seen and agree with the contents of the manuscript. We certify that the submission is original work and is not under review at any other publication.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"LASI Wave 1 received ethical approval from the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All participants provided informed consent prior to their participation.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"While the LASI project is jointly funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Government of Inda (GoI), and the United Nations Population Funds (UNFPA), India. The authors received no funding.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosures"}}]}}