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As a secondary sexual organ, the larynx is affected by sex hormones and may change considerably over the lifespan. In the current review, sex hormone-related voice modifications occurring during childhood, puberty, the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and senescence are described. The roles of sex hormones (including gonadotropins, testosterone, estrogen, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate) underlying physiological voice changes are discussed, the main differences between males and females are explained and clinical implications are taken into account.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s42000-021-00298-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T19:48:50Z","timestamp":1622144930000},"page":"691-696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Effect of sex hormones on human voice physiology: from childhood to senescence"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2422-9673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Zamponi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossella","family":"Mazzilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Mazzilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Fantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"298_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sundberg J (1977) The acoustics of the singing voice. 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