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Current European guidelines recommend antithyroid drugs as initial treatment for a period limited to 12\u201318 months. Definitive treatment such as surgery or radioactive iodine is proposed in the case of contraindication to antithyroid drugs or in the case of recurrence after medical treatment. However, more recent studies show that long-term antithyroid treatment is associated with reduced risk of recurrence without an increase in adverse effects. Such data support the option of long-term treatment of Graves\u2019 disease with antithyroid drugs and suggest the necessity for a change to long-standing practices in the field. Herein, after reviewing some general knowledge on Graves\u2019 disease treatment, we discuss the evidence regarding long-term treatment of Graves\u2019 disease with antithyroid drugs for endocrinologists, internists, and other specialists involved in the management of these patients. We consider the main studies in the field, outline their respective strengths and limitations, and, finally, present our opinion on when, in the light of this new evidence, endocrinologists should consider long-term treatment with antithyroid drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s42000-024-00618-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T00:43:49Z","timestamp":1733359429000},"page":"347-358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A short review of current knowledge regarding long-term treatment of Graves\u2019 disease with antithyroid drugs"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6422-077X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Giordani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerasimos P.","family":"Sykiotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"618_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1215568","volume":"41","author":"ML Tanda","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tanda ML, Piantanida E, Lai A, Lombardi V, Dalle Mule I, Liparulo L, Pariani N, Bartalena L (2009) Thyroid autoimmunity and environment. 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