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Over one year, <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> isolates were collected from samples of patients with hematological and solid organ tumors in a single center.\u00a0Species of <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> were identified by chromagar and multiplex sn-PCR using specific primers for <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida tropicalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida glabrata<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida krusei<\/jats:italic>, and the <jats:italic>Candida parapsilosis<\/jats:italic> complex. Most <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> infection episodes are caused by NAC species (70.5% of 105 isolates). Rare species (14 isolates) accounted for 13.3% of isolates and were not identified by sn-PCR using the five most common <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species primers. More than half of these rare species caused candidemia in cancer patients (57.1%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011). The risk factor for candidiasis was recent surgeries (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020) in adults and chemotherapy in pediatric patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006). Prolonged hospitalization and genitourinary tract cancer were significantly associated with invasive infections (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005 and 0.049, respectively). Recent surgery was a significant risk factor associated with <jats:italic>C. parapsilosis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. glabrata<\/jats:italic> infections (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.038 and 0.003, respectively), while <jats:italic>C. tropicalis was<\/jats:italic> significantly more common in patients with hematological malignancies (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012). Techniques with a broader identification spectrum than the major five <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species are crucial for the optimal management of cancer patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-023-01163-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T03:01:41Z","timestamp":1699412501000},"page":"2879-2892","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The impact of increasing non-albicans Candida trends on diagnostics in immunocompromised patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2177-6153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rasha M.","family":"Abdel-Hamid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2887-8125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadir A.","family":"El-Mahallawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2893-0744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nesma E.","family":"Abdelfattah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6221-7307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona A.","family":"Wassef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1163_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vasileiou E, Paisiou A, Tsipou C, Pourtsidis A, Galani V, Katzilakis N, Antoniadi K, Papakonstantinou E, Ioannidou E, Stiakaki E, Baka M, Kattamis A, Kitra V, Tragiannidis A (2020) Candidemia in Children with Malignancies: Report from the Infection Working Group of the Hellenic Society of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology. 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