{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T19:15:38Z","timestamp":1766085338266,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Braz J Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-025-01826-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T17:21:59Z","timestamp":1766078519000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sequential development of pathological changes in relation to bacterial loads, apoptosis, and immune responses in experimental infection of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) in Swiss albino mice"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Sagar","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8374-4931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monalisa","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jigarji Chaturji","family":"Thakor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajendra","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karampal","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salauddin","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shailesh Kumar","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Varsha","family":"Jayakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akash Balasaheb","family":"Mote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susen Kumar","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aditya Prasad","family":"Acharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ritun","family":"Patra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prabin Kumar","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramakant","family":"Acharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mamata","family":"Pasayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nihar Ranjan","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1826_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.2020.21.e57","author":"SI Oh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oh SI, Kim JW, Kim J, So B, Kim B, Kim HY (2020) Molecular subtyping and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis isolates from clinically diseased pigs. J Vet Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4142\/jvs.2020.21.e57","journal-title":"J Vet Sci"},{"key":"1826_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00097","volume":"11","author":"M Matsue","year":"2020","unstructured":"Matsue M, Ogura K, Sugiyama H, Miyoshi-Akiyama T, Takemori-Sakai Y, Iwata Y, Wada T, Okamoto S (2020) Pathogenicity characterization of prevalent-type Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. Equisimilis strains. Front Microbiol 11:97","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1826_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-010-0084-2","volume":"17","author":"T Takahashi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Takahashi T, Ubukata T, Watanabe H (2011) Invasive infection caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis: characteristics of strains and clinical features. J Infect Chem 17(1):1\u201310","journal-title":"J Infect Chem"},{"issue":"8","key":"1826_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2724","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01262-13","volume":"51","author":"J Loubinoux","year":"2013","unstructured":"Loubinoux J, Plainvert C, Collobert G, Touak G, Bouvet A, Poyart C (2013) Adult invasive and noninvasive infections due to Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in France from 2006 to 2010. J Clin Microbiol 51(8):2724\u20132727","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1826_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2013.08.019","volume":"47","author":"CT Tsai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tsai CT, Chi CY, Ho CM, Lin PC, Chou CH, Wang JH, Wang JH, Lin HC, Tien N, Lin KH, Ho MW (2014) Correlation of virulence genes to clinical manifestations and outcome in patients with Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis bacteremia. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 47(6):462\u2013468","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"1826_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12057","volume":"61","author":"L Schrieber","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schrieber L, Towers R, Muscatello G, Speare R (2014) Transmission of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis between child and dog in an aboriginal Australian community. Zoonoses Public Health 61(2):145\u20138","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"1826_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000052","volume":"64","author":"LG Silva","year":"2015","unstructured":"Silva LG, Genteluci GL, de Correa Mattos M, Glatthardt T, Sa Figueiredo AM, Ferreira-Carvalho BT (2015) Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in south-east Brazil: genetic diversity, resistance profile and the first report of human and equine isolates belonging to the same multilocus sequence typing lineage. J Med Microbiol 64(5):551\u20138","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1826_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.13-0526","volume":"76","author":"K Kasuya","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kasuya K, Yoshida E, Harada R, Hasegawa M, Osaka H, Kato M, Shibahara T (2014) Systemic Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis infection in a Yorkshire pig with severe disseminated suppurative meningoencephalomyelitis. J Vet Med Sci 76(5):715\u2013718","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1826_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.07.020","volume":"86","author":"LZ Moreno","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moreno LZ, da Costa BL, Matajira CE, Gomes VT, Mesquita RE, Silva AP, Moreno AM (2016) Molecular and antimicrobial susceptibility profiling of Streptococcus dysgalactiae isolated from swine. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 86(2):178\u2013180","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1826_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.2018.19.2.313","volume":"19","author":"SI Oh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oh SI, Kim JW, Jung JY, Chae M, Lee YR, Kim JH, So B, Kim HY (2018) Pathologic and molecular characterization of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis infection in neonatal piglets. J Vet Sci 19(2):313\u2013317","journal-title":"J Vet Sci"},{"key":"1826_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Jim\u00e9nez WL, Mart\u00ednez C, Frontera E, Portero M, Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Llario P (2024) Outbreak of large skin wounds and necrotising soft tissue infection in Iberian pigs affected by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis. Vet Rec Case Reports, p e913","DOI":"10.1002\/vrc2.913"},{"issue":"2","key":"1826_CR12","first-page":"257","volume":"74","author":"AI Laishevtcev","year":"2018","unstructured":"Laishevtcev AI, Kapustin AV, Palazyuk SV (2018) Etiological structure of streptococcosis of pigs in various regions of the Russian federation. Russ J Agric Socioecon Sci 74(2):257\u2013260","journal-title":"Russ J Agric Socioecon Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1826_CR13","first-page":"032052","volume":"421","author":"PY Terekhov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Terekhov PY, Matyash EA, Yakimova EA, Kapustin AV, Belyaeva AS, Laishevtsev AI (2020) A new look at the etiological structure of pig Streptococcosis, In IOP Conference Series. Earth Environ Sci 421(3):032052","journal-title":"Earth Environ Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1826_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jambio\/lxae002","volume":"135","author":"SM Patel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Patel SM, Sahoo M, Thakor JC, Murali D, Kumar P, Singh R, Singh KP, Saikumar G, Jana C, Patel SK, Mote AB (2024) Pathomolecular epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence genes of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolates from slaughtered pigs in India. J Appl Microbiol 135(1):lxae002","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1826_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00175-23","volume":"37","author":"O Xie","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xie O, Davies MR, Tong SY (2024) Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis infection and its intersection with Streptococcus pyogenes. Clin Microbiol Rev 37(3):e00175-23","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1826_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.04550-22","volume":"11","author":"SB Beres","year":"2023","unstructured":"Beres SB, Olsen RJ, Long SW, Eraso JM, Boukthir S, Faili A, Kayal S, Musser JM (2023) Analysis of the genomics and mouse virulence of an emergent clone of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis. Microbiol Spectr 11(2):e04550-22","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"1826_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(01)78002-9","volume":"78","author":"O Yoshie","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yoshie O, Imai T, Nomiyama H (2001) Chemokines in immunity. Adv Immunol 78:57\u2013110","journal-title":"Adv Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1826_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2006.09.001","volume":"135","author":"JC Hodgson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hodgson JC (2006) Endotoxin and mammalian host responses during experimental disease. J Comp Pathol 135(4):157\u2013175","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"issue":"11","key":"1826_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02578-24","volume":"15","author":"JM Eraso","year":"2024","unstructured":"Eraso JM, Olsen RJ, Long SW, Gadd R, Boukthir S, Faili A, Kayal S, Musser JM (2024) Integrative genomic, virulence, and transcriptomic analysis of emergent Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) emm type stG62647 isolates causing human infections. mBio 15(11):e02578-24","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"1826_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.107778","volume":"153","author":"GL de Egea","year":"2025","unstructured":"de Egea GL, Gonz\u00e1lez-D\u00edaz A, Olsen RJ, Gu\u00e9don G, Berbel D, Grau I, C\u00e0mara J, Saiz-Escobedo L, Calvo-Silveria S, Cadenas-Jim\u00e9nez I, Marim\u00f3n JM (2025) Emergence of invasive Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in Spain (2012\u20132022): genomic insights and clinical correlations. Int J Infect Dis 153:107778","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1826_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800048093","volume":"105","author":"ID Robertson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Robertson ID, Blackmore DK (1990) Experimental studies on the comparative infectivity and pathogenicity of Streptococcus suis type 2. II. Porcine and human isolates in laboratory animals. Epidemiol Infect 105(3):479\u2013484","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"1826_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2004.tb09678.x","volume":"237","author":"K Kawata","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kawata K, Anzai T, Senna K, Kikuchi N, Ezawa A, Takahashi T (2004) Simple and rapid PCR method for identification of Streptococcal species relevant to animal infections based on 23S rDNA sequence. FEMS Microbiol Lett 237(1):57\u201364","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"1826_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268803008331","volume":"130","author":"T Ikebe","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ikebe T, Murai N, Endo M, Okuno R, Murayama S, Saitoh K, Yamai S, Suzuki R, Isobe J, Tanaka D, Katsukawa C (2003) Changing prevalent T serotypes and Emm genotypes of Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (TSLS) patients in Japan. Epidemiol Infect 130(3):569\u2013572","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"1826_CR24","first-page":"493","volume":"27","author":"LJ Reed","year":"1938","unstructured":"Reed LJ, Muench H (1938) A simple method of estimating 50% end points. Am J Hyg 27:493\u2013497","journal-title":"Am J Hyg"},{"issue":"3","key":"1826_CR25","first-page":"184","volume":"35","author":"M Madesh","year":"1998","unstructured":"Madesh M, Balasubramanian KA (1998) Microtiter plate assay for superoxide dismutase using MTT reduction by superoxide. Indian J Biochem Biophys 35(3):184\u2013188","journal-title":"Indian J Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"1826_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(68)90092-4","volume":"25","author":"J Sedlak","year":"1968","unstructured":"Sedlak J, Lindsay RH (1968) Estimation of total, protein-bound, and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups in tissue with ellman\u2019s reagent. Anal Biochem 25:192\u2013205","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"1826_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90738-3","volume":"95","author":"H Ohkawa","year":"1979","unstructured":"Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K (1979) Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem 95(1):351\u2013358","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"1826_CR28","first-page":"121","volume":"105","author":"H Aebi","year":"1984","unstructured":"Aebi H (1984) Catalase in vitro. In methods in enzymology. Acad Press 105:121\u2013126","journal-title":"Acad Press"},{"key":"1826_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luna LG (1972) Manual of histologic staining methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 3rd edn, New York","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3025(16)39410-7"},{"issue":"1","key":"1826_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl173","volume":"58","author":"S Sriskandan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sriskandan S, Ferguson M, Elliot V, Faulkner L, Cohen J (2006) Human intravenous Immunoglobulin for experimental Streptococcal toxic shock: bacterial clearance and modulation of inflammation. J Antimicrob Chemother 58(1):117\u2013124","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"1826_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02104","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02104-24","volume":"13","author":"J da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Mendon\u00e7a","year":"2025","unstructured":"da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Mendon\u00e7a J, Lumsdaine S, Burcham LR (2025) Comparison of lateral tail vein and retro-orbital venous sinus as routes of inoculation to study group B Streptococcal systemic infection. Microbiol Spectr 13(1):e02104\u2013e02124","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"issue":"1","key":"1826_CR32","first-page":"26","volume":"8","author":"YF Ali","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ali YF, Desouky OS, Selim NS, Ereiba KM (2015) Assessment of the role of \u03b1-lipoic acid against the oxidative stress of induced iron overload. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 8(1):26\u201335","journal-title":"J Radiat Res Appl Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1826_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2902.221218","volume":"29","author":"O Oppegaard","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oppegaard O, Glambek M, Skutlaberg DH, Skrede S, Sivertsen A, Kittang BR (2023) Streptococcus dysgalactiae bloodstream infections, Norway, 1999\u20132021. Emerg Infect Dis 29(2):260","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"1826_CR34","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"S Hanada","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hanada S, Wajima T, Takata M, Morozumi M, Shoji M, Iwata S, Ubukata K (2024) Clinical manifestations and biomarkers to predict mortality risk in adults with invasive Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 7:1\u20131","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"1826_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu806","volume":"211","author":"J Zahlten","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zahlten J, Kim YJ, Doehn JM, Pribyl T, Hocke AC, Garc\u00eda P, Hammerschmidt S, Suttorp N, Hippenstiel S, Hubner RH (2015) Streptococcus pneumoniae\u2013induced oxidative stress in lung epithelial cells depends on pneumococcal autolysis and is reversible by resveratrol. J Infect Dis 211(11):1822\u20131830","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1826_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00019-09","volume":"16","author":"M Dhiman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dhiman M, Estrada-Franco JG, Pando JM, Ramirez-Aguilar FJ, Spratt H, Vazquez-Corzo S, Perez-Molina G, Gallegos-Sandoval R, Moreno R, Garg NJ (2009) Increased myeloperoxidase activity and protein nitration are indicators of inflammation in patients with chagas\u2019 disease. Clin Vaccine Immunol 16(5):660\u2013666","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1826_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3100","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00204-09","volume":"77","author":"F Han","year":"2009","unstructured":"Han F, Yu H, Tian C, Li S, Jacobs MR, Benedict-Alderfer C, Zheng QY (2009) Role for Toll-like receptor 2 in the immune response to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in mouse otitis media. Infect Immun 77(7):3100\u20133108","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"8","key":"1826_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000754","volume":"67","author":"Y Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu Y, Lin Z, Lin Y, Chen Y, Peng XE, He F, Liu S, Yan S, Huang L, Lu W, Xiang Z (2018) Streptococcus and prevotella are associated with the prognosis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Med Microbiol 67(8):1058\u20131068","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"1826_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-018-0530-1","volume":"26","author":"V Bjorck","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bjorck V, Pahlman LI, Tornebrant J, Bodelsson M (2018) Streptococcal M1 protein induces hyporesponsiveness and cytokine release from human arteries in a fibrinogen-dependent manner: a translational study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 26:1\u20138","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"1826_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00356-20","volume":"88","author":"DL LaRock","year":"2020","unstructured":"LaRock DL, Russell R, Johnson AF, Wilde S, LaRock CN (2020) Group A Streptococcus infection of the nasopharynx requires proinflammatory signalling through the interleukin-1 receptor. Infect Immun 88(10):10\u20131128","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"1826_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(02)00013-3","volume":"24","author":"G Kaplanski","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kaplanski G, Marin V, Montero-Julian F, Mantovani A, Farnarier C (2003) IL-6: a regulator of the transition from neutrophil to monocyte recruitment during inflammation. Trends Immunol 24(1):25\u201329","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1826_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870802000122","volume":"20","author":"S Chenier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chenier S, Leclere M, Messier S, Fecteau G (2008) Streptococcus dysgalactiae cellulitis and toxic shock-like syndrome in a Brown Swiss cow. J Vet Diagn Invest 20(1):99\u2013103","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"1826_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02128","volume":"9","author":"K Ogura","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ogura K, Okumura K, Shimizu Y, Kirikae T, Miyoshi-Akiyama T (2018) Pathogenicity induced by invasive infection of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. Equisimilis in a mouse model of diabetes. Front Microbiol 9:2128","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1826_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1177\/104063871002200611","volume":"22","author":"HE Jensen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jensen HE, Gyllensten J, Hofman C, Leifsson PS, Agerholm JS, Boye M, Aalb\u00e6k B (2010) Histologic and bacteriologic findings in valvular endocarditis of slaughter-age pigs. J Vet Diagn Invest 22(6):921\u2013927","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"1826_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12334","volume":"60","author":"S Watanabe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Watanabe S, Takemoto N, Ogura K, Miyoshi-Akiyama T (2016) Severe invasive streptococcal infection by Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. Microbiol Immunol 60(1):1\u20139","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"1826_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822007000300006","volume":"38","author":"RS Torres","year":"2007","unstructured":"Torres RS, Paula CC, Pilonetto M, Fontana CK, Minozzo JC, Torres RD (2007) An outbreak of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp equisimilis in a1 hospital in the south of Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 38:417\u2013420","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol"},{"key":"1826_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-014-2092-0","volume":"33","author":"S Rantala","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rantala S (2014) Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. Equisimilis bacteremia: an emerging infection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 33:1303\u20131310","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"13","key":"1826_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.13.1716","volume":"287","author":"CM Coopersmith","year":"2002","unstructured":"Coopersmith CM, Stromberg PE, Dunne WM, Davis CG, Amiot IIDM, Buchman TG, Karl IE, Hotchkiss RS (2002) Inhibition of intestinal epithelial apoptosis and survival in a murine model of pneumonia-induced sepsis. JAMA 287(13):1716\u20131721","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1826_CR49","first-page":"134","volume":"29","author":"D Grandgirard","year":"2006","unstructured":"Grandgirard D, Bifrare YD, Pleasure SJ, Kummer J, Leib SL, Tauber MG (2006) Pneumococcal meningitis induces apoptosis in recently postmitotic immature neurons in the dentate gyrus of neonatal rats. Dev Neurosci 29(1\u20132):134\u2013142","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1826_CR50","first-page":"0","volume":"23","author":"M Lancellotti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lancellotti M, Brocchi M, da Silveira WD (2017) Bacteria-induced apoptosis: an approach to bacterial pathogenesis. J Morphol Sci 23(1):0\u20130","journal-title":"J Morphol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"1826_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4334","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.9.4334-4339.1999","volume":"67","author":"PJ Tsai","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tsai PJ, Lin YS, Kuo CF, Lei HY, Wu JJ (1999) Group A Streptococcus induces apoptosis in human epithelial cells. Infect Immun 67(9):4334\u20134339","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"1826_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2013.04.008","volume":"61","author":"DE Kling","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kling DE, Tsvang I, Murphy MP, Newburg DS (2013) Group B Streptococcus induces a caspase-dependent apoptosis in fetal rat lung interstitium. Microb Pathog 61:1\u201310","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"1826_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00465","volume":"7","author":"B Skive","year":"2017","unstructured":"Skive B, Rohde M, Molinari G, Braunstein TH, Bojesen AM (2017) <Text>Streptococcus equi subsp. Zooepidemicus invades and survives in epithelial cells<\/Text>. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 7:465","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1826_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L298","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2001.280.2.L298","volume":"280","author":"KL Serrao","year":"2001","unstructured":"Serrao KL, Fortenberry JD, Owens ML, Harris FL, Brown LAS (2001) <Text>Neutrophils induce apoptosis of lung epithelial cells via release of soluble Fas ligand<\/Text>. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 280(2):L298\u2013L305","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1826_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199708000-00015","volume":"25","author":"RS Hotchkiss","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hotchkiss RS, Swanson PE, Cobb JP, Jacobson A, Buchman TG, Karl IE (1997) <Text>Apoptosis in lymphoid and parenchymal cells during sepsis: findings in normal and T-and B-cell-deficient mice<\/Text>. Crit Care Med 25(8):1298\u20131307","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1826_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0105017","volume":"78","author":"DE Wesche","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wesche DE, Lomas-Neira JL, Perl M, Chung CS, Ayala A (2005) <Text>Leukocyte apoptosis and its significance in sepsis and shock<\/Text>. J Leukoc Biol 78(2):325\u2013337","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1826_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004266","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004266","volume":"10","author":"JA Tsatsaronis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tsatsaronis JA, Walker MJ, Sanderson-Smith ML (2014) <Text>Host responses to group A streptococcus: cell death and inflammation<\/Text>. PLoS Pathog 10(8):e1004266","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"12","key":"1826_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1006032","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006032","volume":"12","author":"P Gamradt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gamradt P, Xu Y, Gratz N, Duncan K, Kobzik L, H\u00f6gler S, Kovarik P, Decker T, Jamieson AM (2016) <Text>The influence of programmed cell death in myeloid cells on host resilience to infection with Legionella Pneumophila or Streptococcus pyogenes<\/Text>. PLoS Pathog 12(12):e1006032","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"5","key":"1826_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200005)43:5<1106::AID-ANR21>3.0.CO;2-F","volume":"43","author":"T Kobayashi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kobayashi T, Okamoto K, Kobata T, Hasunuma T, Kato T, Hamada H, Nishioka K (2000) <Text>Differential regulation of FAS mediated apoptosis of rheumatoid synoviocytes by tumor necrosis factor a and basic fibroblast growth factor is associated with the expression of apoptosis related molecules<\/Text>. Arthritis Rheum 43(5):1106\u20131114","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"11","key":"1826_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2006.06.001","volume":"38","author":"HM Marriott","year":"2006","unstructured":"Marriott HM, Dockrell DH (2006) <Text>Streptococcus pneumoniae: the role of apoptosis in host defense and pathogenesis<\/Text>. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 38(11):1848\u20131854","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"}],"container-title":["Brazilian Journal of Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42770-025-01826-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s42770-025-01826-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42770-025-01826-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T19:04:02Z","timestamp":1766084642000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s42770-025-01826-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1826"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42770-025-01826-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1517-8382","1678-4405"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1517-8382"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1678-4405"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"21"}}