{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T17:44:58Z","timestamp":1782927898229,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012021","name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012021","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Braz J Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-026-02002-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T16:52:02Z","timestamp":1782924722000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring molecular characterization circulating influenza A and B viruses in Tehran, Iran"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Maleki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad hadi Karbalaei","family":"Niya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Roozbehani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Fereydouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Fotouhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7943-085X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leila","family":"Mousavizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2002_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pathmechdis.3.121806.154316","volume":"3","author":"JKMD Taubenberger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Taubenberger JKMD (2008) The pathology of influenza virus infections. Annu Rev Pathol 3:499\u2013522","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"issue":"10353","key":"2002_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00982-5","volume":"400","author":"TMHD Uyeki","year":"2022","unstructured":"Uyeki TMHD, Zambon M, Wentworth DE, Monto AS (2022) Influenza. Lancet 400(10353):693\u2013706","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"2002_CR3","first-page":"633","volume":"8","author":"A Kilander","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kilander A et al (2014) The role of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase in the pathogenesis of influenza: Implications for vaccine design. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 8(6):633\u2013646","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"issue":"3","key":"2002_CR4","first-page":"201","volume":"71","author":"MHL Ren\u00e9 Gramer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ren\u00e9 Gramer MHL, Ki J, Choi Y, Goyal SM (2007) Soo Joo, Han Serologic and genetic characterization of North American H3N2 swine influenza A viruses. Can J Vet Res 71(3):201\u2013206","journal-title":"Can J Vet Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2002_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15091956","volume":"15","author":"JLAE Wilson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wilson JLAE, Zhou R, Jedlicka A, Dziedzic A, Liu H, Fenstermacher KZJ, Rothman RE, Pekosz A (2023) The influenza B virus Victoria and Yamagata lineages display distinct cell tropism and infection-induced host gene expression in human nasal epithelial cell cultures. Viruses 15(9):1956","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"2002_CR6","first-page":"377","volume":"385","author":"JLA Steel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Steel JLA (2014) Influenza A virus reassortment. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 385:377\u2013401","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"2002_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2023.10.025","volume":"36","author":"M Rabie-Rudsari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rabie-Rudsari M et al (2024) Molecular identification of neuraminidase gene mutations in influenza A\/H1N1 and A\/H3N2 isolates of Mazandaran province, north of Iran. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 36:466\u2013472","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"10127","key":"2002_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)33293-2","volume":"391","author":"AD Iuliano","year":"2018","unstructured":"Iuliano AD, Roguski KM, Chang HH, Muscatello DJ, Palekar R, Tempia S, Cohen C, Gran JM, Schanzer D, Cowling BJ, Wu P, Kyncl J, Ang LW, Park M, Redlberger-Fritz M, Yu H, Espenhain L, Krishnan A, Emukule G, van Asten L, Pereira da Silva S, Aungkulanon S, Buchholz U, Widdowson MA, Bresee JS (2018) Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality: a modelling study. Lancet 391(10127):1285\u20131300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)33293-2","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2002_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01639-18","author":"KLCA Prachanronarong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Prachanronarong KLCA, Liu P, Somasundaran M, Hou S, Poh YP, Han T, Zhu Q, Renzette N, Zeldovich KB, Kowalik TF, Kurt-Yilmaz N, Jensen JD, Bolon DNA, Marasco WA, Finberg RW, Schiffer CA, Wang JP (2019) Mutations in influenza A virus neuraminidase and hemagglutinin confer resistance against a broadly neutralizing hemagglutinin stem antibody. J Virol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.01639-18","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2002_CR10","unstructured":"Zhou Y et al (2020) Monitoring influenza virus evolution in real time: A rapid response strategy. nfection, Genetics and Evolution 83:104359"},{"issue":"7062","key":"2002_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04239","volume":"437","author":"E Ghedin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ghedin E et al (2005) Deep sequencing reveals the evolutionary history of influenza A virus. Nature 437(7062):1166\u20131171","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"2002_CR12","first-page":"e00045","volume":"95","author":"Y Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen Y et al (2021) Genetic analysis of influenza viruses: Implications for vaccine development. J Virol 95(6):e00045\u2013e00021","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2002_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2023.199182","volume":"334","author":"SMA Moeini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moeini SMA, Farahmand B, Mehrbod P, Fotouhi F (2010) Phylogenetic analysis and docking study of neuraminidase gene of influenza A\/H1N1 viruses circulating in Iran from 2010 to 2019. Virus Res 334:199182","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"2002_CR14","unstructured":"https:\/\/cdn.who.int\/media\/docs\/default-source\/influenza\/molecular-detention-of-influenza-viruses\/protocols_influenza_virus_detection_feb_2021.pdf"},{"issue":"1","key":"2002_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ntrev-2024-0113","volume":"13","author":"HH Kadhum","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kadhum HH et al (2024) Potential pharmaceutical applications and molecular docking study for green fabricated ZnO nanoparticles mediated Raphanus sativus: in vitro and in vivo study. Nanotechnol Rev 13(1):20240113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/ntrev-2024-0113","journal-title":"Nanotechnol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2002_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2726","DOI":"10.1515\/ntrev-2022-0153","volume":"11","author":"AJ Jasim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jasim AJ et al (2022) Preliminary trials of the gold nanoparticles conjugated chrysin: An assessment of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and in vitro cytotoxic activities of a nanoformulated flavonoid. Nanatechnol Reviews 11(1):2726\u20132741","journal-title":"Nanatechnol Reviews"},{"issue":"11","key":"2002_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11111388","volume":"11","author":"NP Kolosova","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kolosova NP, Ilyicheva TN, Unguryan VV, Danilenko AV, Svyatchenko SV, Onhonova GS, Goncharova NI, Kosenko MN, Gudymo AS, Marchenko VY, Shvalov AN, Susloparov IM, Tregubchak TV, Gavrilova EV, Maksyutov RA, Ryzhikov AB (2022) Re-emergence of circulation of seasonal influenza during COVID-19 pandemic in Russia and receptor specificity of new and dominant clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2 A(H3N2) viruses in 2021\u20132022. Pathogens 11(11):1388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens11111388","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"5","key":"2002_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.36233\/0507-4088-180","volume":"68","author":"A Emami","year":"2023","unstructured":"Emami A, Pirbonyeh N, Moattari A, Javanmardi F (2023) A decade genetic diversity in circulating influenza B virus in Iran (2010\u20132019): divergence from WHO-recommended vaccine strains. Probl Virol 68(5):385\u2013393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36233\/0507-4088-180","journal-title":"Probl Virol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2002_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4992","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI122895","volume":"128","author":"STH Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu STH, Behzadi MA, Sun W, Freyn AW, Liu WC, Broecker F, Albrecht RA, Bouvier NM, Simon V, Nachbagauer R, Krammer F, Palese P (2018) Antigenic sites in influenza H1 hemagglutinin display species-specific immunodominance. J Clin Invest 128(11):4992\u20134996. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI122895","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"2002_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virs.2023.05.008","volume":"38","author":"M Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu M, Liu J, Song W, Peng Y, Ding X, Deng L, Jiang T (2023) Development of PREDAC-H1pdm to model the antigenic evolution of influenza A\/(H1N1) pdm09 viruses. Virol Sin 38(4):541\u2013548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virs.2023.05.008","journal-title":"Virol Sin"},{"issue":"6","key":"2002_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2558","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27584","volume":"94","author":"L Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang L, Yang F, Xiao Y, Chen B, Liu F, Cheng L, Yao H, Wu N, Wu H (2022) Generation, characterization, and protective ability of mouse monoclonal antibodies against the HA of A (H1N1) influenza virus. J Med Virol 94(6):2558\u20132567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.27584","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"19","key":"2002_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10651","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.07244-11","volume":"86","author":"LT Pinilla","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pinilla LT, Holder BP, Abed Y, Boivin G, Beauchemin CA (2012) The H275Y neuraminidase mutation of the pandemic A\/H1N1 influenza virus lengthens the eclipse phase and reduces viral output of infected cells, potentially compromising fitness in ferrets. J Virol 86(19):10651\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.07244-11","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2002_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1710.110117","volume":"17","author":"L Calatayud","year":"2011","unstructured":"Calatayud L, Lackenby A, Reynolds A, McMenamin J, Phin NF, Zambon M, Pebody R (2011) Oseltamivir-resistant pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus infection in England and Scotland, 2009\u20132010. Emerg Infect Dis 17(10):1807\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid1710.110117","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2002_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.22207\/JPAM.15.3.34","volume":"15","author":"K Trivedi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Trivedi K, Malhotra B, Dubey W et al (2021) Detection of H275Y mutation conferring oseltamivir drug resistance in Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus. J Pure Appl Microbiol 15(3):1421\u20131428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22207\/JPAM.15.3.34","journal-title":"J Pure Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2002_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126115","volume":"10","author":"EG Paradis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Paradis EG, Pinilla LT, Holder BP, Abed Y, Boivin G, Beauchemin CA (2015) Impact of the H275Y and I223V mutations in the neuraminidase of the 2009 pandemic influenza virus in vitro and evaluating experimental reproducibility. PLoS One 10(5):e0126115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0126115","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"2002_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05994-11","volume":"56","author":"A Pizzorno","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pizzorno A, Abed Y, Bouhy X, Beaulieu E, Mallett C, Russell R, Boivin G (2009) Impact of mutations at residue I223 of the neuraminidase protein on the resistance profile, replication level, and virulence of the 2009 pandemic influenza virus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 56(3):1208\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.05994-11","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"7","key":"2002_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3007.240480","volume":"30","author":"MC Patel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Patel MC, Nguyen HT, Pascua PQ, Gao R, Steel J, Kondor RJ et al (2024) Multicountry spread of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses with reduced oseltamivir inhibition, May 2023\u2013February 2024. Emerg Infect Dis 30(7):1410\u20131415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid3007.240480","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2002_CR28","unstructured":"https:\/\/cdn.who.int\/media\/docs\/default-source\/influenza\/global-influenza-surveillance-and-response-system\/related-documents\/protocols_influenza_virus_detection_jan_2020.pdf?sfvrsn=36349aa3_8. protocols influenza virus detection 2020."},{"key":"2002_CR29","unstructured":"Davis CT et al (2020) Evolution of the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus: Insights from phylogenetic analysis. Virus Res 276(197817)"},{"key":"2002_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(24)00037-5","author":"RC-Y Leung","year":"2024","unstructured":"Leung RC-Y et al (2024) Global emergence of neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses with I223V and S247N mutations: implications for antiviral resistance monitoring. Lancet Microbe. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2666-5247(24)00037-5","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"issue":"1","key":"2002_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s13337-022-00806-7","volume":"34","author":"KTA Kaveh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kaveh KTA, Hosseini P, Fotouhi F, Ajorloo M, Rabiei Roodsari M, Razavi Nikoo H (2023) Molecular characterization of the neuraminidase gene of influenza B virus in Northern Iran. Virusdisease 34(1):21\u20138","journal-title":"Virusdisease"},{"key":"2002_CR32","first-page":"1","volume":"142","author":"LV Gubareva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gubareva LV (2017) Influenza virus resistance to antiviral drugs: An overview. Antiviral Res 142:1\u201311","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2002_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1814","volume":"6","author":"S Krauss","year":"2008","unstructured":"Krauss S et al (2008) The emergence of influenza A viruses in the 21st century: Insights from genomics. Nat Rev Microbiol 6(1):11\u201322","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2002_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2010.05.009","volume":"7","author":"JK Taubenberger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Taubenberger JK, Kash JC (2010) Influenza virus evolution, host adaptation, and pandemic formation. Cell Host Microbe 7(6):440\u2013451","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"}],"container-title":["Brazilian Journal of Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42770-026-02002-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s42770-026-02002-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42770-026-02002-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T16:52:15Z","timestamp":1782924735000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s42770-026-02002-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42770-026-02002-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1517-8382","1678-4405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1517-8382","type":"print"},{"value":"1678-4405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The research was directed ethically according to the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. The study subjects have given their written informed consent, and the study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical sciences under the approval number [IR.IUMS.FMD.REC.1402.058].","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethic approval and content to participate"}},{"value":"None to be declared.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"187"}}