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To address this, research into new substances with antimicrobial activity is crucial. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of extracts of\n                    <jats:italic>Commiphora leptophloeos<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Amburana cearensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Agave sisalana<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and highly soluble polypyrrole (Hs-PPy) against\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates. Eight\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates from bovine mastitis and a standard strain were used. The presence of efflux pumps was investigated by ethidium bromide extrusion. Sequencing was performed on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform using a 2\u2009\u00d7\u2009150\u00a0bp library with quality assessed via FastQC and assembly completed using Unicyler. Genome annotation and the identification of resistance and virulence genes were carried out using PROKKA and PanViTa, respectively. Species confirmation as\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    was achieved via Jspecies and pyANI public genomes from NCBI. Finally, antimicrobial activity was determined by broth microdilution. Among the natural products tested against the isolates only\n                    <jats:italic>A. cearensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    showed antibacterial activity, with a concentration of 12,500\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL, whereas Hs-PPy showed activity at 250\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL. The isolates tested positive for the presence of efflux pump genes, but only 3 isolates expressed the mechanism in vitro. The natural products were not effective in eliminating the bacteria. Hs-PPy was the only compound that demonstrated bactericidal activity against the bacteria, proving to be an alternative for bactericidal action, even in the presence of genes that inhibit its action against a wide variety of compounds.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-026-02040-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T10:37:17Z","timestamp":1785321437000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of genomic characteristics of Escherichia coli associated with bovine mastitis and the potential utility of alternative antimicrobial methods"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0216-3837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f4nathas Moreno Silva","family":"de Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3876-4485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabryel Bernardo Vieira","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0660-0352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela dos Santos","family":"Cassimiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5020-4779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheila","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9809-8883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thiago de Jesus","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0447-5041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danillo Sales","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0481-248X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata de Faria Silva","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4096-8828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando Ant\u00f4nio Gomes","family":"da Silva J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7565-5576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helinando Pequeno","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3354-3015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00edlvia Cristina","family":"Osaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4775-2280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasco Ariston de Carvalho","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7635-9656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bertram","family":"Brenig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1067-1882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavia Figueira","family":"Aburjaile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9884-2112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateus Matiuzzi","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2040_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10122239","volume":"10","author":"SSV Ramos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ramos SSV et al (2020) Escherichia coli as commensal and pathogenic bacteria among food-producing animals: Health implications of extended spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL) production. 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