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Molecular types were assigned by URA5 PCR-RFLP using reference strains. Demographic and clinical variables were retrieved from medical records. A stratified 30-isolate subset comprising 24 VNI and 6 VGII isolates was evaluated for phospholipase activity and melanization. Fluconazole MICs were analyzed for the complete 70-isolate dataset and were determined by broth microdilution according to CLSI M27-A4.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>VNI predominated (64\/70; 91.4%), whereas VGII accounted for 6\/70 isolates (8.6%). The series was predominantly composed of men, young adults, and HIV-positive patients. HIV infection was more frequent among VNI cases, whereas VGII included proportionally more HIV-negative patients. In-hospital death occurred in 17\/70 patients (24.3%). Fluconazole MICs, phospholipase activity, and melanization were broadly comparable between VNI and VGII, although the small VGII subgroup precluded robust genotype-associated inference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>VNI was the dominant molecular type in this severe reference-center cryptococcosis series from Amazonas. Phenotypic findings should be interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis-generating.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-026-02094-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:13:10Z","timestamp":1790773990000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular types, clinical profile, and exploratory virulence-associated phenotypes of clinical Cryptococcus isolates from Amazonas, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9176-4271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert Langlady Lira Rosas","family":"Filho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7032-8082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela de Mesquita B\u00e1rcia","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0394-6101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nayara de F\u00e1tima","family":"Lazameth-Diniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1591-7025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1via Fernandes","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7543-5169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Fl\u00e1vio Dias do Val","family":"Bisneto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9344-1192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naira Sulany Oliveira","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9630-0029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Diego Ribeiro","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2389-4401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c9rica Simpl\u00edcio","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3295-7937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K\u00e1tia Santana","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla Silvana da Silva","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8967-9528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hagen","family":"Frickmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3163-7499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Vicente Braga","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2094_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e495","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00731-4","volume":"24","author":"CC Chang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chang CC, Harrison TS, Bicanic TA et al (2024) Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of cryptococcosis: an initiative of the ECMM and ISHAM in cooperation with the ASM. 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This retrospective chart review and isolate-based study used data and biological material obtained during routine care and laboratory diagnosis.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"AI-assisted tools were used only for language editing, readability, and formatting support. All scientific content, analyses, interpretation, and final decisions were produced, reviewed, and approved by the authors, who take full responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Use of AI-assisted tools","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Because this was a retrospective study based on clinical records and isolates obtained during routine care, the requirement for individual informed consent was addressed according to the approval granted by the Research Ethics Committee.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain identifiable individual patient data or identifiable human images.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to publish","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Clinical isolates are maintained in the fungal collection of the Laboratory of Mycology, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), and may be made available for collaborative research upon reasonable request and subject to institutional, ethical, and biosafety requirements.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","label":"Materials availability","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"281"}}