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Eurasian ASW and SW constitute unique ecosystems characterized by various ecological peculiarities, where the combination of shallow water depth, intermittent hydrological cycle, high diurnal water temperature fluctuations, high inorganic turbidity, a wide salinity range, alkaline pH, high concentrations of coloured dissolved organic carbon, and hypertrophic conditions creates compound ecological extremes. The essential differences between the trophic systems of endorheic ASW and SW can be attributed to certain distinct physical and chemical properties. Among these, the higher inorganic turbidity, dissolved organic carbon, and phosphorus concentrations characteristic of ASW\u2014in contrast to SW\u2014are particularly prominent. Consequently, the chlorophyll-a concentrations are substantially lower than expected relative to extreme phosphorus availability results in \u2018phytoplankton biomass paradox phenomenon\u2019 in ASW. This paradox phenomenon can be explained by light limitation from high inorganic turbidity and relative nitrogen deficiency caused by permanent high alkalinity. In contrast, net heterotrophy and the \u2018zooplankton biomass paradox\u2019 also occur in both intermittent ASW and SW, driven by endorheic hydrological characteristics and abundant waterbirds populations of these waters. The simultaneously occurring dual ecosystem control (bottom-up and top-down) exerted by waterbirds is characteristic of both endorheic intermittent ASW and SW. The \u2018phyto- and zooplankton biomass paradox\u2019 and the dual ecosystem control of waterbirds have previously been less quantified in inland standing waters.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s42977-026-00340-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T08:03:44Z","timestamp":1790928224000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ecological peculiarities of Eurasian inland saline and alkaline soda waters"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Emil","family":"Boros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"340_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e111679","DOI":"10.3897\/mbmg.7.111679","volume":"7","author":"\u00c9 \u00c1cs","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u00c1cs \u00c9, B\u00edr\u00f3 T, Boros E, Dobosy P, Duleba M, F\u00f6ldi A, Kiss KT, Levkov Z, Orgov\u00e1nyi P, Sz\u00e9n OP, Tr\u00e1bert Z, Vadkerti E, Grigorszky I (2023) Halamphora taxa in Hungarian soda pans and shallow soda lakes detected via metabarcoding and microscopic analyses. 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