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Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In obese ovulatory women, serum luteinizing Hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) are lowered compared with normal weight women. This relative hypogonadotropic hypogonadism represents a potential etiology for overall decreased fertility in obesity. The objective was to determine if administration of an aromatase inhibitor (AI) to ovulating obese women would normalize LH and FSH by interrupting estradiol negative feedback. Letrozole (2.5\u20135\u00a0mg) was given daily to 22 women, 12 obese and 10 normal weight, for 7\u00a0days. On the last day of administration, 8\u00a0h of blood sampling was done every 10\u00a0min before and after a bolus of GnRH at 4\u00a0h. We obtained data from 21 ovulatory women (10 normal weight and 11 obese) who had undergone a similar protocol of frequent blood sampling but no aromatase inhibitors (AI) treatment. Serum LH and FSH levels and pulse characteristics were measured. Treatment with AI only significantly affected obese women. Further, in women with obesity, LH secretion, prior to the GnRH bolus, was significantly higher in AI treated compared with non-treated (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.011). AI treatment doubled LH pulse amplitude in obese women (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.004). In response to aromatase inhibition, LH secretion in ovulatory women with obesity is increased and similar to levels found in untreated normal weight women. The increase in LH pulse amplitude indicates that the AI effect is mediated at the level of the pituitary. Our results suggest that the hypogonadotropic phenotype of simple obesity is subject to modulation by interruption of estradiol negative feedback.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-019-00105-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,14]],"date-time":"2020-02-14T19:03:47Z","timestamp":1581707027000},"page":"1018-1023","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Aromatase Inhibition Ameliorates Decreased LH Output Found in Obese Women"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kelsey","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nichole E","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Chosich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"Bradford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nanette","family":"Santoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex J","family":"Polotsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"105_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2015.08.004","volume":"31","author":"MV Bazzano","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bazzano MV, Torelli C, Pustovrh MC, Paz DA, Elia EM. Obesity induced by cafeteria diet disrupts fertility in the rat by affecting multiple ovarian targets. Reprod BioMed Online. 2015;31(5):655\u201367.","journal-title":"Reprod BioMed Online"},{"issue":"6","key":"105_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.12.059","volume":"93","author":"AJ Polotsky","year":"2010","unstructured":"Polotsky AJ, Hailpern SM, Skurnick JH, Lo JC, Sternfeld B, Santoro N. Association of adolescent obesity and lifetime nulliparity\u2014the study of Women\u2019s Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Fertil Steril. 2010;93(6):2004\u201311.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"4","key":"105_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2014.10.014","volume":"29","author":"A Talmor","year":"2015","unstructured":"Talmor A, Dunphy B. Female obesity and infertility. 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The use of aromatase inhibitors for ovulation induction. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2015;27(3):206\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"105_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.01.158","volume":"95","author":"A Kucherov","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kucherov A, Polotsky AJ, Menke M, Isaac B, McAvey B, Buyuk E, et al. Aromatase inhibition causes increased amplitude, but not frequency, of hypothalamic-pituitary output in normal women. Fertil Steril. 2011;95(6):2063\u20136.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"5","key":"105_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.04.026","volume":"86","author":"U Bayar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bayar U, Basaran M, Kiran S, Coskun A, Gezer S. Use of an aromatase inhibitor in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a prospective randomized trial. 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The Institutional Review Boards of Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the University of Colorado School of Medicine\u2019s Combined IRB (COMIRB) approved the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}}]}}