{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T13:02:33Z","timestamp":1785762153433,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-020-00196-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T14:51:48Z","timestamp":1589899908000},"page":"1656-1664","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Abnormal Expression of Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase in Human Recurrent Miscarriage"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruochun","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuye","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lanna","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"196_CR1","first-page":"76","volume":"2","author":"HB Ford","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ford HB, Schust DJ. Recurrent pregnancy loss: etiology, diagnosis, and therapy. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2009;2(2):76\u201383.","journal-title":"Rev Obstet Gynecol."},{"issue":"5","key":"196_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/8.5.463","volume":"8","author":"TC Li","year":"2002","unstructured":"Li TC, Makris M, Tomsu M, Tuckerman E, Laird S. Recurrent miscarriage: aetiology, management and prognosis. Hum Reprod Update. 2002;8(5):463\u201381.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update."},{"issue":"4","key":"196_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.114.122846","volume":"91","author":"NS Macklon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Macklon NS, Brosens JJ. The human endometrium as a sensor of embryo quality. Biol Reprod. 2014;91(4):98.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod."},{"issue":"11","key":"196_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.116","volume":"12","author":"J Evans","year":"2016","unstructured":"Evans J, Salamonsen LA, Winship A, et al. Fertile ground: human endometrial programming and lessons in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2016;12(11):654\u201367.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol."},{"issue":"4","key":"196_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2016.08.001","volume":"38","author":"A Mekinian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mekinian A, Cohen J, Kayem G, et al. Unexplained recurrent early miscarriages: Role of immunomodulation? Rev Med Interne. 2017;38(4):264\u20138.","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne."},{"key":"196_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00610.x","volume":"222","author":"JB Katz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Katz JB, Muller AJ, Prendergast GC. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in T-cell tolerance and tumoral immune escape. Immunol Rev. 2008;222:206\u201321.","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"issue":"5380","key":"196_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5380.1191","volume":"281","author":"DH Munn","year":"1998","unstructured":"Munn DH, Zhou M, Attwood JT, et al. Prevention of allogeneic fetal rejection by tryptophan catabolism. Science. 1998;281(5380):1191\u20133.","journal-title":"Science."},{"issue":"10","key":"196_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1457","volume":"4","author":"AL Mellor","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mellor AL, Munn DH. IDO expression by dendritic cells: tolerance and tryptophan catabolism. Nat Rev Immunol. 2004;4(10):762\u201374.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"196_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI31178","volume":"117","author":"DH Munn","year":"2007","unstructured":"Munn DH, Mellor AL. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and tumor-induced tolerance. J Clin Invest. 2007;117(5):1147\u201354.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"4","key":"196_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060513487642","volume":"41","author":"Y Ban","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ban Y, Chang Y, Dong B, Kong B, Qu X. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase levels at the normal and recurrent spontaneous abortion fetal-maternal interface. J Int Med Res. 2013;41(4):1135\u201349.","journal-title":"J Int Med Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"196_CR11","first-page":"53","volume":"4","author":"X Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu X, Liu Y, Ding M, Wang X. Reduced expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase participates in pathogenesis of preeclampsia via regulatory T cells. Mol Med Rep. 2011;4(1):53\u20138.","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep."},{"issue":"15","key":"196_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20160153","volume":"130","author":"AA Badawy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Badawy AA, Namboodiri AM, Moffett JR. The end of the road for the tryptophan depletion concept in pregnancy and infection. Clin Sci. 2016;130(15):1327\u201333.","journal-title":"Clin Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"196_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12546","volume":"76","author":"Y Ebina","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ebina Y, Shimada S, Deguchi M, Maesawa Y, Iijima N, Yamada H. Divergence of helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T cells in the decidua from miscarriage. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2016;76(3):199\u2013204.","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"196_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2017.4634","volume":"14","author":"X Quan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Quan X, Yang X. Correlation between unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion with CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T-cell and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor levels. Exp Ther Med. 2017;14(2):1459\u201362.","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"196_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6752","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.11.6752","volume":"176","author":"F Fallarino","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fallarino F, Grohmann U, You S, et al. The combined effects of tryptophan starvation and tryptophan catabolites down-regulate T cell receptor zeta-chain and induce a regulatory phenotype in naive T cells. J Immunol. 2006;176(11):6752\u201361.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"issue":"9","key":"196_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2570","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI31911","volume":"117","author":"MD Sharma","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sharma MD, Baban B, Chandler P, et al. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells from mouse tumor-draining lymph nodes directly activate mature Tregs via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. J Clin Invest. 2007;117(9):2570\u201382.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"8","key":"196_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5396","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.8.5396","volume":"181","author":"W Chen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen W, Liang X, Peterson AJ, Munn DH, Blazar BR. The indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase pathway is essential for human plasmacytoid dendritic cell-induced adaptive T regulatory cell generation. J Immunol. 2008;181(8):5396\u2013404.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"issue":"10","key":"196_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3431","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI34823","volume":"118","author":"O Manches","year":"2008","unstructured":"Manches O, Munn D, Fallahi A, et al. HIV-activated human plasmacytoid DCs induce Tregs through an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-dependent mechanism. J Clin Invest. 2008;118(10):3431\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"2","key":"196_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.2.894","volume":"179","author":"AP van der Marel","year":"2007","unstructured":"van der Marel AP, Samsom JN, Greuter M, et al. Blockade of IDO inhibits nasal tolerance induction. J Immunol. 2007;179(2):894\u2013900.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"196_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.185108","volume":"59","author":"G Matteoli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Matteoli G, Mazzini E, Iliev ID, et al. Gut CD103+ dendritic cells express indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase which influences T regulatory\/T effector cell balance and oral tolerance induction. Gut. 2010;59(5):595\u2013604.","journal-title":"Gut."},{"issue":"5","key":"196_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1582","volume":"9","author":"E Vivier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vivier E, Tomasello E, Baratin M, Walzer T, Ugolini S. Functions of natural killer cells. Nat Immunol. 2008;9(5):503\u201310.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"issue":"13","key":"196_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4118","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-03-006700","volume":"108","author":"M Della Chiesa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Della Chiesa M, Carlomagno S, Frumento G, et al. The tryptophan catabolite L-kynurenine inhibits the surface expression of NKp46- and NKG2D-activating receptors and regulates NK-cell function. Blood. 2006;108(13):4118\u201325.","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"196_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00467","volume":"8","author":"LM Gaynor","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gaynor LM, Colucci F. Uterine natural killer cells: functional distinctions and influence on pregnancy in humans and mice. Front Immunol. 2017;8:467.","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"196_CR24","volume":"78","author":"RJ Kuon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kuon RJ, Weber M, Heger J, et al. Uterine natural killer cells in patients with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2017;78(4):e12721.","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"196_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2012.1984","volume":"28","author":"N Sato","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sato N, Saga Y, Mizukami H, et al. Downregulation of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase in cervical cancer cells suppresses tumor growth by promoting natural killer cell accumulation. Oncol Rep. 2012;28(5):1574\u20138.","journal-title":"Oncol Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"196_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20020121","volume":"196","author":"G Frumento","year":"2002","unstructured":"Frumento G, Rotondo R, Tonetti M, Damonte G, Benatti U, Ferrara GB. Tryptophan-derived catabolites are responsible for inhibition of T and natural killer cell proliferation induced by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. J Exp Med. 2002;196(4):459\u201368.","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"196_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e328344b73e","volume":"24","author":"JL Mege","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mege JL, Mehraj V, Capo C. Macrophage polarization and bacterial infections. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2011;24(3):230\u20134.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"196_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3733","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.6.3733","volume":"181","author":"M Benoit","year":"2008","unstructured":"Benoit M, Desnues B, Mege JL. Macrophage polarization in bacterial infections. J Immunol. 2008;181(6):3733\u20139.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"issue":"11","key":"196_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6406","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.11.6406","volume":"165","author":"J Gronlund","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gronlund J, Vitved L, Lausen M, Skjodt K, Holmskov U. Cloning of a novel scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type I transmembrane molecule (M160) expressed by human macrophages. J Immunol. 2000;165(11):6406\u201315.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"196_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.67.1.97","volume":"67","author":"C Buechler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Buechler C, Ritter M, Orso E, Langmann T, Klucken J, Schmitz G. Regulation of scavenger receptor CD163 expression in human monocytes and macrophages by pro- and anti-inflammatory stimuli. J Leukocyte Biol. 2000;67(1):97\u2013103.","journal-title":"J Leukocyte Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"196_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1369\/jhc.5A6871.2006","volume":"54","author":"Y Komohara","year":"2006","unstructured":"Komohara Y, Hirahara J, Horikawa T, et al. AM-3K, an antimacrophage antibody, recognizes CD163, a molecule associated with an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype. J Histochem Cytochem: official journal of the Histochemistry Society. 2006;54(7):763\u201371.","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem: official journal of the Histochemistry Society."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"196_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2014.02.005","volume":"289","author":"XF Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang XF, Wang HS, Wang H, et al. The role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in immune tolerance: focus on macrophage polarization of THP-1 cells. Cell Immunol. 2014;289(1-2):42\u20138.","journal-title":"Cell Immunol."},{"key":"196_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2017.01.003","volume":"119","author":"N Iwahashi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Iwahashi N, Yamamoto M, Nanjo S, Toujima S, Minami S, Ino K. Downregulation of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase expression in the villous stromal endothelial cells of placentas with preeclampsia. J Reprod Immunol. 2017;119:54\u201360.","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"196_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/8.4.385","volume":"8","author":"P Sedlmayr","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sedlmayr P, Blaschitz A, Wintersteiger R, et al. Localization of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in human female reproductive organs and the placenta. Mol Hum Reprod. 2002;8(4):385\u201391.","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod."},{"issue":"6","key":"196_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2004.08.009","volume":"26","author":"P Ligam","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ligam P, Manuelpillai U, Wallace EM, Walker D. Localisation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and kynurenine hydroxylase in the human placenta and decidua: implications for role of the kynurenine pathway in pregnancy. Placenta. 2005;26(6):498\u2013504.","journal-title":"Placenta."},{"issue":"1","key":"196_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1071\/RD11908","volume":"24","author":"O Sandra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sandra O, Mansouri-Attia N, Lea RG. Novel aspects of endometrial function: a biological sensor of embryo quality and driver of pregnancy success. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2011;24(1):68\u201379.","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil Dev."},{"issue":"4","key":"196_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12786","volume":"79","author":"RQ Chang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chang RQ, Li DJ, Li MQ. The role of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase in normal and pathological pregnancies. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2017;79(4):e12786.","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"196_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2003.11.004","volume":"61","author":"Y Kudo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kudo Y, Boyd CA, Spyropoulou I, et al. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: distribution and function in the developing human placenta. J Reprod Immunol. 2004;61(2):87\u201398.","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"196_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gah246","volume":"11","author":"N Miwa","year":"2005","unstructured":"Miwa N, Hayakawa S, Miyazaki S, et al. IDO expression on decidual and peripheral blood dendritic cells and monocytes\/macrophages after treatment with CTLA-4 or interferon-gamma increase in normal pregnancy but decrease in spontaneous abortion. Mol Hum Reprod. 2005;11(12):865\u201370.","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod."},{"issue":"3","key":"196_CR40","volume":"77","author":"LH Diao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Diao LH, Li GG, Zhu YC, et al. Human chorionic gonadotropin potentially affects pregnancy outcome in women with recurrent implantation failure by regulating the homing preference of regulatory T cells. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2017;77(3):e12618.","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol."},{"issue":"8","key":"196_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3270","volume":"12","author":"O Leavy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leavy O. Tolerance: induced T(Reg) cells evolved to protect the fetus. Nat Rev Immunol. 2012;12(8):554\u20135.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"196_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2012.10.001","volume":"34","author":"DH Munn","year":"2013","unstructured":"Munn DH, Mellor AL. Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase and metabolic control of immune responses. Trends Immunol. 2013;34(3):137\u201343.","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"issue":"5932","key":"196_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1172638","volume":"324","author":"MS Sundrud","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sundrud MS, Koralov SB, Feuerer M, et al. Halofuginone inhibits TH17 cell differentiation by activating the amino acid starvation response. Science. 2009;324(5932):1334\u20138.","journal-title":"Science."},{"issue":"3","key":"196_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.790","volume":"8","author":"TL Keller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Keller TL, Zocco D, Sundrud MS, et al. Halofuginone and other febrifugine derivatives inhibit prolyl-tRNA synthetase. Nat Chem Biol. 2012;8(3):311\u20137.","journal-title":"Nat Chem Biol."},{"issue":"46","key":"196_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19961","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014465107","volume":"107","author":"NT Nguyen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nguyen NT, Kimura A, Nakahama T, et al. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor negatively regulates dendritic cell immunogenicity via a kynurenine-dependent mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107(46):19961\u20136.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"issue":"6","key":"196_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3190","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903670","volume":"185","author":"JD Mezrich","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mezrich JD, Fechner JH, Zhang X, Johnson BP, Burlingham WJ, Bradfield CA. An interaction between kynurenine and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor can generate regulatory T cells. J Immunol. 2010;185(6):3190\u20138.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"196_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-11-191197","volume":"114","author":"DJ Chung","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chung DJ, Rossi M, Romano E, et al. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-expressing mature human monocyte-derived dendritic cells expand potent autologous regulatory T cells. Blood. 2009;114(3):555\u201363.","journal-title":"Blood."},{"issue":"4","key":"196_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e328361429b","volume":"45","author":"P Russell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Russell P, Sacks G, Tremellen K, Gee A. The distribution of immune cells and macrophages in the endometrium of women with recurrent reproductive failure. III: further observations and reference ranges. Pathology. 2013;45(4):393\u2013401.","journal-title":"Pathology."},{"key":"196_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Horowitz A, Strauss-Albee DM, Leipold M, et al. Genetic and environmental determinants of human NK cell diversity revealed by mass cytometry. Sci Transl Med. 2013;5(208):208ra145.","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006702"},{"issue":"1","key":"196_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/nri978","volume":"3","author":"S Gordon","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gordon S. Alternative activation of macrophages. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003;3(1):23\u201335.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"196_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2004.09.015","volume":"25","author":"A Mantovani","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mantovani A, Sica A, Sozzani S, Allavena P, Vecchi A, Locati M. The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization. Trends Immunol. 2004;25(12):677\u201386.","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"196_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.3.1357","volume":"178","author":"SK Watkins","year":"2007","unstructured":"Watkins SK, Egilmez NK, Suttles J, Stout RD. IL-12 rapidly alters the functional profile of tumor-associated and tumor-infiltrating macrophages in vitro and in vivo. J Immunol. 2007;178(3):1357\u201362.","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"196_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.310","volume":"129","author":"JW Tjiu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tjiu JW, Chen JS, Shun CT, et al. Tumor-associated macrophage-induced invasion and angiogenesis of human basal cell carcinoma cells by cyclooxygenase-2 induction. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(4):1016\u201325.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol."}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-020-00196-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43032-020-00196-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-020-00196-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T14:49:01Z","timestamp":1721918941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43032-020-00196-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["196"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43032-020-00196-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 May 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}