{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T14:07:09Z","timestamp":1781273229656,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]],"date-time":"2021-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638144000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]],"date-time":"2021-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010547","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant no 2018-02-27-006-R1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant no 2018-02-27-006-R1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010547","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-021-00810-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]],"date-time":"2021-11-29T21:53:24Z","timestamp":1638222804000},"page":"448-459","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Increased Expression of Fibroblast Activation Protein is Associated with Autophagy Dysregulation and Oxidative Stress in Obese Women with Uterine Fibroids"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Nashwa","family":"Maghraby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amira M.","family":"El Noweihi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagla T.","family":"El-Melegy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nashwa A. M.","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2359-2729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heba E. M.","family":"El-Deek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3550-3970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eman","family":"Radwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"810_CR1","first-page":"100","volume":"95","author":"MSD De La Cruz","year":"2017","unstructured":"De La Cruz MSD, Buchanan EM. Uterine fibroids: diagnosis and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2017;95(2):100\u20137.","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"issue":"1","key":"810_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13102","volume":"149","author":"E Giuliani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Giuliani E, As-Sanie S, Marsh EE. Epidemiology and management of uterine fibroids. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2020;149(1):3\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"11","key":"810_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2018.7076","volume":"27","author":"EE Marsh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marsh EE, Al-Hendy A, Kappus D, Galitsky A, Stewart EA, Kerolous M. Burden, Prevalence, and treatment of uterine fibroids: a survey of US women. J Women\u2019s Health. 2018;27(11):1359\u201367.","journal-title":"J Women's Health"},{"key":"810_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2017.10.001","volume":"46","author":"C Fortin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fortin C, Flyckt R, Falcone T. Alternatives to hysterectomy: the burden of fibroids and the quality of life. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2018;46:31\u201342.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"11","key":"810_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0187821","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187821","volume":"12","author":"R Zhao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhao R, Wang X, Zou L, Li G, Chen Y, Li C, et al. Adverse obstetric outcomes in pregnant women with uterine fibroids in China: a multicenter survey involving 112,403 deliveries. Plos One. 2017;12(11):e0187821.","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"810_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-58780-6_3","volume-title":"Uterine Fibroids","author":"D Garg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Garg D, Segars JH. Treatment modalities for fibroids, indications, risks, and benefits. In: Moawad N, editor. Uterine Fibroids. Cham: Springer; 2018. p. 87\u2013106."},{"key":"810_CR7","first-page":"107","volume":"6","author":"S Pandey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pandey S, Bhattacharya S. Impact of obesity on gynecology. Womens Health. 2010;6:107\u201317.","journal-title":"Womens Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"810_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2008.04.002","volume":"22","author":"S Okolo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Okolo S. Incidence, aetiology and epidemiology of uterine fibroids. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2008;22(4):571\u201388.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"810_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.08.074","volume":"92","author":"C Templeman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Templeman C, Marshall SF, Clarke CA, DeLellis HK, Largent J, Neuhausen S, et al. Risk factors for surgically removed fibroids in a large cohort of teachers. Fertil Steril. 2009;92(4):1436\u201346.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"1","key":"810_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000164","volume":"59","author":"LA Wise","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wise LA, Laughlin-Tommaso SK. Epidemiology of uterine fibroids\u2013from menarche to menopause. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2016;59(1):2\u201324.","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"11","key":"810_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2018.1505606","volume":"34","author":"I Soave","year":"2018","unstructured":"Soave I, Marci R. From obesity to uterine fibroids: an intricate network. Curr Med Res Opin. 2018;34(11):1877\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"8","key":"810_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2017.1302418","volume":"33","author":"A Ciavattini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ciavattini A, Delli Carpini G, Moriconi L, Clemente N, Orici F, Boschi AC, et al. The association between ultrasound-estimated visceral fat deposition and uterine fibroids: an observational study. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2017;33(8):634\u20137.","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"810_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.08.007","volume":"112","author":"B Del Bello","year":"2019","unstructured":"Del Bello B, Marcolongo P, Ciarmela P, Sorbi F, Petraglia F, Luisi S, et al. Autophagy up-regulation by ulipristal acetate as a novel target mechanism in the treatment of uterine leiomyoma: an in vitro study. Fertil Steril. 2019;112(6):1150\u20139.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"9","key":"810_CR14","first-page":"10014","volume":"8","author":"J Guo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Guo J, Zheng L, Chen L, Luo N, Yang W, Qu X, et al. Lipopolysaccharide activated TLR4\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway of fibroblasts from uterine fibroids. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015;8(9):10014\u201325.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"issue":"12","key":"810_CR15","first-page":"79","volume":"23","author":"W Lin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lin W, Ma S, Wang L. Study on the correlation of MLCK and FAP expression with uterine fibroid cell proliferation and invasion. J Hainan Med Univ. 2017;23(12):79\u201382.","journal-title":"J Hainan Med Univ"},{"issue":"12","key":"810_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0169105","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169105","volume":"11","author":"P Errarte","year":"2016","unstructured":"Errarte P, Guarch R, Pulido R, Blanco L, Nunes-Xavier CE, Beitia M, et al. The expression of fibroblast activation protein in clear cell renal cell carcinomas is associated with synchronous lymph node metastases. Plos One. 2016;11(12):e0169105.","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"issue":"1","key":"810_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s12253-017-0359-3","volume":"25","author":"L-M Gao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gao L-M, Wang F, Zheng Y, Fu Z-Z, Zheng L, Chen L-L. Roles of fibroblast activation protein and hepatocyte growth factor expressions in angiogenesis and metastasis of gastric cancer. Pathol Oncol Res. 2019;25(1):369\u201376.","journal-title":"Pathol Oncol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"810_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.RA118.001046","volume":"18","author":"HE Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang HE, Hamson EJ, Koczorowska MM, Tholen S, Chowdhury S, Bailey CG, et al. Identification of novel natural substrates of fibroblast activation protein-alpha by differential degradomics and proteomics. Mol Cell Proteom. 2019;18(1):65\u201385.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Proteom"},{"issue":"3","key":"810_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2013.11.008","volume":"163","author":"N Luo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Luo N, Guan Q, Zheng L, Qu X, Dai H, Cheng Z. Estrogen-mediated activation of fibroblasts and its effects on the fibroid cell proliferation. Transl Res. 2014;163(3):232\u201341.","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"810_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2016.11.011","volume":"27","author":"G Hewitt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hewitt G, Korolchuk VI. Repair, reuse, recycle: the expanding role of autophagy in genome maintenance. Trends Cell Biol. 2017;27(5):340\u201351.","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"810_CR21","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"A El Andaloussi","year":"2017","unstructured":"El Andaloussi A, Habib S, Soylemes G, Laknaur A, Elhusseini H, Al-Hendy A, et al. Defective expression of ATG4D abrogates autophagy and promotes growth in human uterine fibroids. Cell Death Discov. 2017;3(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"issue":"1","key":"810_CR22","first-page":"3","volume":"41","author":"S Namkoong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Namkoong S, Cho CS, Semple I, Lee JH. Autophagy dysregulation and obesity-associated pathologies. Mol Cells. 2018;41(1):3\u201310.","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"issue":"6","key":"810_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-018-0009-1","volume":"14","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Sowers JR, Ren J. Targeting autophagy in obesity: from pathophysiology to management. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14(6):356\u201376.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"810_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22455","volume":"27","author":"D Casta\u00f1eda","year":"2019","unstructured":"Casta\u00f1eda D, Gabani M, Choi S-K, Nguyen QM, Chen C, Mapara A, et al. Targeting autophagy in obesity-associated heart disease. Obesity. 2019;27(7):1050\u20138.","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"3","key":"810_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2014.150","volume":"22","author":"G Filomeni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Filomeni G, De Zio D, Cecconi F. Oxidative stress and autophagy: the clash between damage and metabolic needs. Cell Death Differ. 2015;22(3):377\u201388.","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"issue":"4","key":"810_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","volume":"25","author":"KJ Livak","year":"2001","unstructured":"Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2\u2212 \u0394\u0394CT method. Methods. 2001;25(4):402\u20138.","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"810_CR27","volume-title":"Theory and practice of histological techniques","author":"JD Bancroft","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bancroft JD, Gamble M. Theory and practice of histological techniques. 6th ed. China: Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier; 2008.","edition":"6"},{"key":"810_CR28","volume-title":"Practical methods in electron microscopy","author":"AM Glauert","year":"1998","unstructured":"Glauert AM, Lewis PR. Biological specimen preparation for transmission electron microscopy. In: Glauert AM, editor. Practical methods in electron microscopy. London: Portland Press; 1998."},{"key":"810_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2019.07.007","volume":"83","author":"R Blomberg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Blomberg R, Beiting DP, Wabitsch M, Pur\u00e9 E. Fibroblast activation protein restrains adipogenic differentiation and regulates matrix-mediated mTOR signaling. Matrix Biol. 2019;83:60\u201376.","journal-title":"Matrix Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"810_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2019-213364","volume":"75","author":"H Qin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qin H, Lin Z, V\u00e1squez E, Luan X, Guo F, Xu L. Association between obesity and the risk of uterine fibroids: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2020;75(2):197\u2013204.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"810_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2016.02.008","volume":"79","author":"M \u00c7inar","year":"2016","unstructured":"\u00c7inar M, Tokmak A, G\u00fczel AI, Aksoy RT, \u00d6zer \u0130, Yilmaz N, et al. Association of clinical outcomes and complications with obesity in patients who have undergone abdominal myomectomy. J Chin Med Assoc. 2016;79(8):435\u20139.","journal-title":"J Chin Med Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"810_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199809000-00007","volume":"9","author":"LM Marshall","year":"1998","unstructured":"Marshall LM, Spiegelman D, Manson JE, Goldman MB, Barbieri RL, Stampfer MJ, et al. Risk of uterine leiomyomata among premenopausal women in relation to body size and cigarette smoking. J Epidemiol. 1998;9(5):511\u20137.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"810_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.8.176","volume":"8","author":"F Sato","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sato F, Nishi M, Kudo R, Miyake H. Body fat distribution and uterine leiomyomas. J Epidemiol. 1998;8(3):176\u201380.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"810_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2017.280","volume":"42","author":"JM Poret","year":"2018","unstructured":"Poret JM, Souza-Smith F, Marcell SJ, Gaudet DA, Tzeng TH, Braymer HD, et al. High fat diet consumption differentially affects adipose tissue inflammation and adipocyte size in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats. Int J Obes. 2018;42(3):535\u201341.","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"issue":"2","key":"810_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-015-2324-3","volume":"364","author":"O Protic","year":"2016","unstructured":"Protic O, Toti P, Islam MS, Occhini R, Giannubilo SR, Catherino WH, et al. Possible involvement of inflammatory\/reparative processes in the development of uterine fibroids. Cell Tissue Res. 2016;364(2):415\u201327.","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"810_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1490129","volume":"149","author":"G Winkler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Winkler G, Kiss S, Keszthelyi L, S\u00e1pi Z, Ory I, Salamon F, et al. Expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a protein in the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in correlation with adipocyte cell volume, serum TNF-a, soluble serum TNF-receptor-2 concentrations and C-peptide level. Eur J Endocrinol. 2003;149(2):129\u201335.","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"810_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.09.069","volume":"25","author":"P Petrus","year":"2018","unstructured":"Petrus P, Mejhert N, Corrales P, Lecoutre S, Li Q, Maldonado E, et al. Transforming growth factor-\u03b23 regulates adipocyte number in subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Cell Rep. 2018;25(3):551\u201360.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"810_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-017-1350-1","volume":"52","author":"S Ihara","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ihara S, Hirata Y, Koike K. TGF-\u03b2 in inflammatory bowel disease: a key regulator of immune cells, epithelium, and the intestinal microbiota. J Gastroenterol. 2017;52(7):777\u201387.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"810_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.88294","volume-title":"Adipose Tissue-An Update","author":"S Pervin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pervin S, Nyah W, Reddy ST, Singh R. Novel aspects of follistatin\/transforming growth factor-\u03b2 (TGF-\u03b2) signaling in adipose tissue metabolism: implications in metabolic health. In: Szablewski L, editor. Adipose Tissue-An Update. London: IntechOpen; 2019. p. 1\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/intechopen.88294."},{"issue":"5","key":"810_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(00)00418-0","volume":"73","author":"A Arici","year":"2000","unstructured":"Arici A, Sozen I. Transforming growth factor-\u03b23 is expressed at high levels in leiomyoma where it stimulates fibronectin expression and cell proliferation. Fertil Steril. 2000;73(5):1006\u201311.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"2","key":"810_CR41","first-page":"913","volume":"86","author":"BS Lee","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lee BS, Nowak RA. Human leiomyoma smooth muscle cells show increased expression of transforming growth factor-\u03b23 (TGF\u03b23) and altered responses to the antiproliferative effects of TGF\u03b2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(2):913\u201320.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"810_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.5603\/FHC.2013.0011","volume":"51","author":"A Plewka","year":"2013","unstructured":"Plewka A, Madej P, Plewka D, Kowalczyk A, Miskiewicz A, Wittek P, et al. Immunohistochemical localization of selected pro-inflammatory factors in uterine myomas and myometrium in women of various ages. Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2013;51(1):73\u201383.","journal-title":"Folia Histochem Cytobiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"810_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmt042","volume":"20","author":"R Tal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tal R, Segars JH. The role of angiogenic factors in fibroid pathogenesis: potential implications for future therapy. Hum Reprod Update. 2014;20(2):194\u2013216.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"7","key":"810_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-013-0029-7","volume":"30","author":"N Fletcher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fletcher N, Saed M, Abu-Soud H, Al-Hendy A, Diamond MP, Saed G. Uterine fibroids are characterized by an impaired antioxidant cellular system: potential role of hypoxia in the pathophysiology of uterine fibroids. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2013;30(7):969\u201374.","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"810_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(98)00110-6","volume":"32","author":"J-F Chiou","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chiou J-F, Hu M-L. Elevated lipid peroxidation and disturbed antioxidant enzyme activities in plasma and erythrocytes of patients with uterine cervicitis and myoma. Clin Biochem. 1999;32(3):189\u201392.","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"issue":"4","key":"810_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.4067\/S0716-97602006000500005","volume":"39","author":"S Pejic","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pejic S, Kasapovic J, Todorovic A, Stojiljkovic V, Pajovic SB. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in blood of patients with uterine myoma, endometrial polypus, hyperplastic and malignant endometrium. Biol Res. 2006;39(4):619\u201329.","journal-title":"Biol Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"810_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2016.58928","volume":"13","author":"MS Ellulu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ellulu MS, Patimah I, Khaza\u2019ai H, Rahmat A, Abed Y. Obesity and inflammation: the linking mechanism and the complications. Arch Med Sci. 2017;13(4):851\u201363.","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"810_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmx032","volume":"24","author":"MS Islam","year":"2018","unstructured":"Islam MS, Ciavattini A, Petraglia F, Castellucci M, Ciarmela P. Extracellular matrix in uterine leiomyoma pathogenesis: a potential target for future therapeutics. Hum Reprod Update. 2018;24(1):59\u201385.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"2","key":"810_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.08.171","volume":"504","author":"H Bao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bao H, Sin TK, Zhang G. Activin A induces leiomyoma cell proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and myofibroblastic transformation of myometrial cells via p38 MAPK. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;504(2):447\u201353.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"12","key":"810_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3869","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19123869","volume":"19","author":"M Ciebiera","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ciebiera M, W\u0142odarczyk M, Zgliczy\u0144ska M, \u0141ukaszuk K, M\u0119czekalski B, Kobierzycki C, et al. The role of tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 in the biology of uterine fibroids and the related symptoms. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(12):3869\u201395.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"810_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719116678686","volume":"24","author":"MA Borahay","year":"2017","unstructured":"Borahay MA, Asoglu MR, Mas A, Adam S, Kilic GS, Al-Hendy A. Estrogen receptors and signaling in fibroids: role in pathobiology and therapeutic implications. Reprod Sci. 2017;24(9):1235\u201344.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"810_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.31337","volume":"160","author":"C Le Goff","year":"2012","unstructured":"Le Goff C, Cormier-Daire V. From tall to short: the role of TGF\u03b2 signaling in growth and its disorders. Am J Med Genet. 2012;160(3):145\u201353.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"issue":"21","key":"810_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq519","volume":"32","author":"CE Brokopp","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brokopp CE, Schoenauer R, Richards P, Bauer S, Lohmann C, Emmert MY, et al. Fibroblast activation protein is induced by inflammation and degrades type I collagen in thin-cap fibroatheromata. Eur Heart J. 2011;32(21):2713\u201322.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"810_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.01.081","volume":"93","author":"DS Joseph","year":"2010","unstructured":"Joseph DS, Malik M, Nurudeen S, Catherino WH. Myometrial cells undergo fibrotic transformation under the influence of transforming growth factor \u03b2-3. Fertil Steril. 2010;93(5):1500\u20138.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"810_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.11236.1","volume":"6","author":"A Kota","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kota A, Deshpande DA, Mehra Haghi BO, Sharma P. Autophagy and airway fibrosis: is there a link? F1000Res. 2017;6:409.","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"810_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1103180","volume":"366","author":"J Donnez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Donnez J, Tomaszewski J, V\u00e1zquez F, Bouchard P, Lemieszczuk B, Bar\u00f3 F, et al. Ulipristal acetate versus leuprolide acetate for uterine fibroids. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:421\u201332.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"810_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0003-4","volume":"19","author":"I Dikic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dikic I, Elazar Z. Mechanism and medical implications of mammalian autophagy. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2018;19(6):349\u201364.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"810_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2012.07.004","volume":"66","author":"M Komatsu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Komatsu M, Kageyama S, Ichimura Y. p62\/SQSTM1\/A170: physiology and pathology. Pharmacol Res. 2012;66(6):457\u201362.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"810_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4569","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0955","volume":"92","author":"C Herder","year":"2007","unstructured":"Herder C, Schneitler S, Rathmann W, Haastert B, Schneitler H, Winkler H, et al. Low-grade inflammation, obesity, and insulin resistance in adolescents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92(12):4569\u201374.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"810_CR60","first-page":"3100","volume":"9","author":"S Tripathi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tripathi S, Srivastava S, Tripathi YB. Obesity and its complications: role of autophagy. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2018;9(8):3100\u201313.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Sci Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"810_CR61","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"L Ju","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ju L, Han J, Zhang X, Deng Y, Yan H, Wang C, et al. Obesity-associated inflammation triggers an autophagy\u2013lysosomal response in adipocytes and causes degradation of perilipin 1. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(2):1\u201316.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"810_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-0247-8_12","volume":"2108","author":"S Najafi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Najafi S, Abo-Ali EM, Dukhande VV. Methods for studying TNF\u03b1-induced autophagy. Methods Mol Biol. 2020;2108:131\u201346.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"810_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-1701-3","volume":"10","author":"Z Tang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tang Z, Hu B, Zang F, Wang J, Zhang X, Chen H. Nrf2 drives oxidative stress-induced autophagy in nucleus pulposus cells via a Keap1\/Nrf2\/p62 feedback loop to protect intervertebral disc from degeneration. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(7):1\u201312.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"810_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2013.12.007","volume":"25","author":"A Costa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Costa A, Scholer-Dahirel A, Mechta-Grigoriou F. The role of reactive oxygen species and metabolism on cancer cells and their microenvironment. Semin Cancer Biol. 2014;25:23\u201332.","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"810_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.431973","volume":"288","author":"M Jain","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jain M, Rivera S, Monclus EA, Synenki L, Zirk A, Eisenbart J, et al. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species regulate transforming growth factor-\u03b2 signaling. J Biol Chem. 2013;288(2):770\u20137.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"810_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddy354","volume":"28","author":"LK Sharma","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sharma LK, Tiwari M, Rai NK, Bai Y. Mitophagy activation repairs Leber\u2019s hereditary optic neuropathy-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and improves cell survival. Hum Mol Genet. 2019;28(3):422\u201333.","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"11","key":"810_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5986","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.710582","volume":"291","author":"DR Dunshee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dunshee DR, Bainbridge TW, Kljavin NM, Zavala-Solorio J, Schroeder AC, Chan R, et al. Fibroblast activation protein cleaves and inactivates fibroblast growth factor 21. J Biol Chem. 2016;291(11):5986\u201396.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"810_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20151085","volume":"473","author":"EY Zhen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhen EY, Jin Z, Ackermann BL, Thomas MK, Gutierrez JA. Circulating FGF21 proteolytic processing mediated by fibroblast activation protein. Biochem J. 2016;473(5):605\u201314.","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"2","key":"810_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23058","volume":"29","author":"Y Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu Y, Shi T, Wang J, He R. Talabostat alleviates obesity and associated metabolic dysfunction via suppression of macrophage-driven adipose inflammation. Obesity. 2021;29(2):327\u201336.","journal-title":"Obesity"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-021-00810-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43032-021-00810-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-021-00810-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T07:35:40Z","timestamp":1726212940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43032-021-00810-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["810"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43032-021-00810-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 November 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 November 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All study procedures were approved by the Medical Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medicine, and Assiut University (IRB no: 17200173).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"A written informed consent was obtained from each participant.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Participants have consented to the submission of data.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}