{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T23:24:17Z","timestamp":1781652257675,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685059200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Foetal birth weight is an important determinant of perinatal health. For this reason, various methods have been investigated for estimating this weight during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible relationship between full-term birth weight and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) levels determined during the first trimester as part of combined screening for aneuploidy carried out in pregnant women. We carried out a single-centre study including pregnant women who were being followed up by the Obstetrics Service Care Units of the XXI de Santiago de Compostela e Barbanza Foundation, who gave birth from March 1, 2015, to March 1, 2017, and who had undergone their first-trimester combined chromosomopathy screening. The sample included a total of 2794 women. We found a significant correlation between MoM PAPP-A and foetal birth weight. When MoM PAPP-A was measured at extremely low levels (&lt;\u20090.3) during the first trimester, the OR for giving birth to a foetus with weight\u2009&lt;\u2009p10, adjusting for gestational age and sex, was 2.74. For low levels of MoM PAPP-A (0.3\u20130.44), the OR was 1.52. With regard to the value of MOM PAPP-A levels as a predictor of foetal macrosomia, a correlation could be observed with elevated levels, although this was not statistically significant. PAPP-A determined during the first trimester acts as a predictor of foetal weight at term as well as for foetal growth disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-023-01270-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T16:01:51Z","timestamp":1685116911000},"page":"3235-3242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Correlation Between PAPP-A Levels Determined During the First Trimester and Birth Weight at Full-Term"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4987-7263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. M.","family":"Turrado S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"De Miguel S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mac\u00eda Corti\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1270_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.08.019","volume":"194","author":"AC Svensson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Svensson AC, Pawitan Y, Cnattingius S, Reilly M, Lichtenstein P. Familial aggregation of small-for-gestational-age births: the importance of fetal genetic effects. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;194(2):475\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1270_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj237","volume":"164","author":"O Basso","year":"2006","unstructured":"Basso O, Wilcox AJ, Weinberg CR. Birth weight and mortality: causality or confounding? Am J Epidemiol. 2006;164(4):303\u201311.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1270_CR3","first-page":"550","volume":"99","author":"H Xu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Xu H, Simonet F, Luo ZC. Optimal birth weight percentile cut-offs in defining small- or large-for-gestational-age. Acta Paediatr Oslo Nor 1992. 2010;99(4):550\u20135.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Oslo Nor 1992"},{"issue":"5","key":"1270_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.302","volume":"188","author":"SL Boulet","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boulet SL, Alexander GR, Salihu HM, Pass M. Macrosomic births in the United States: determinants, outcomes, and proposed grades of risk. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;188(5):1372\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1270_CR5","first-page":"420","volume":"55","author":"HD Modanlou","year":"1980","unstructured":"Modanlou HD, Dorchester WL, Thorosian A, Freeman RK. Macrosomia\u2013maternal, fetal, and neonatal implications. Obstet Gynecol. 1980;55(4):420\u20134.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1270_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2003.00179.x","volume":"82","author":"N Gupta","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gupta N, Kiran TU, Mulik V, Bethel J, Bhal K. The incidence, risk factors and obstetric outcome in primigravid women sustaining anal sphincter tears. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2003;82(8):736\u201343.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"6","key":"1270_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.02.032","volume":"192","author":"JR Gillean","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gillean JR, Coonrod DV, Russ R, Bay RC. Big infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;192(6):1948\u201353 (discussion 1953-1955).","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1270_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.10150","volume":"39","author":"S Savchev","year":"2012","unstructured":"Savchev S, Figueras F, Cruz-Martinez R, Illa M, Botet F, Gratacos E. Estimated weight centile as a predictor of perinatal outcome in small-for-gestational-age pregnancies with normal fetal and maternal Doppler indices. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Off J Int Soc Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012;39(3):299\u2013303.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Off J Int Soc Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1270_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(67)80066-0","volume":"71","author":"FC Battaglia","year":"1967","unstructured":"Battaglia FC, Lubchenco LO. A practical classification of newborn infants by weight and gestational age. J Pediatr. 1967;71(2):159\u201363.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"1270_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.09.043","volume":"220","author":"J Caradeux","year":"2019","unstructured":"Caradeux J, Martinez-Portilla RJ, Peguero A, Sotiriadis A, Figueras F. Diagnostic performance of third-trimester ultrasound for the prediction of late-onset fetal growth restriction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2019;220(5):449-459.e19.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1270_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.22134","volume":"56","author":"CC Lees","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lees CC, Stampalija T, Baschat AA, Silva Costa F, Ferrazzi E, Figueras F, et al. ISUOG Practice Guidelines: diagnosis and management of small-for-gestational-age fetus and fetal growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020;56(2):298\u2013312.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1270_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.2002.00652.x","volume":"19","author":"FM Severi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Severi FM, Bocchi C, Visentin A, Falco P, Cobellis L, Florio P, et al. Uterine and fetal cerebral Doppler predict the outcome of third-trimester small-for-gestational age fetuses with normal umbilical artery Doppler. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Off J Int Soc Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2002;19(3):225\u20138.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Off J Int Soc Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1270_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.20258","volume":"53","author":"A Ciobanu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ciobanu A, Khan N, Syngelaki A, Akolekar R, Nicolaides KH. Routine ultrasound at 32 vs 36 weeks\u2019 gestation: prediction of small-for-gestational-age neonates. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2019;53(6):761\u20138.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"1270_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)70513-8","volume":"182","author":"IM Bernstein","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bernstein IM, Horbar JD, Badger GJ, Ohlsson A, Golan A. Morbidity and mortality among very-low-birth-weight neonates with intrauterine growth restriction. The Vermont Oxford Network. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;182(1 Pt 1):198\u2013206.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1270_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.116749","volume":"185","author":"BA Doctor","year":"2001","unstructured":"Doctor BA, O\u2019Riordan MA, Kirchner HL, Shah D, Hack M. Perinatal correlates and neonatal outcomes of small for gestational age infants born at term gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001;185(3):652\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1270_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a010249","volume":"151","author":"GC Smith","year":"2000","unstructured":"Smith GC. Sex, birth weight, and the risk of stillbirth in Scotland, 1980\u20131996. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;151(6):614\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1270_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002199","volume":"130","author":"SP Chauhan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chauhan SP, Rice MM, Grobman WA, Bailit J, Reddy UM, Wapner RJ, et al. Neonatal morbidity of small- and large-for-gestational-age neonates born at term in uncomplicated pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol. 2017;130(3):511\u20139.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1270_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2006.00506.x","volume":"46","author":"HA de Boo","year":"2006","unstructured":"de Boo HA, Harding JE. The developmental origins of adult disease (Barker) hypothesis. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2006;46(1):4\u201314.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"6998","key":"1270_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.6998.171","volume":"311","author":"DJ Barker","year":"1995","unstructured":"Barker DJ. Fetal origins of coronary heart disease. BMJ. 1995;311(6998):171\u20134.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"1270_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.80.4.305","volume":"80","author":"D Barker","year":"1999","unstructured":"Barker D. Early growth and cardiovascular disease. Arch Dis Child. 1999;80(4):305\u20137.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"5","key":"1270_CR21","first-page":"790","volume":"36","author":"J Eriksson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Eriksson J, Fors\u00e9n T, Tuomilehto J, Osmond C, Barker D. Fetal and childhood growth and hypertension in adult life. Hypertens Dallas Tex 1979. 2000;36(5):790\u20134.","journal-title":"Hypertens Dallas Tex 1979"},{"issue":"1","key":"1270_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2006.11.003","volume":"17","author":"HB Boldt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Boldt HB, Conover CA. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A): a local regulator of IGF bioavailability through cleavage of IGFBPs. Growth Horm IGF Res Off J Growth Horm Res Soc Int IGF Res Soc. 2007;17(1):10\u20138.","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res Off J Growth Horm Res Soc Int IGF Res Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"1270_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.06259","volume":"186","author":"LK Bale","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bale LK, Conover CA. Disruption of insulin-like growth factor-II imprinting during embryonic development rescues the dwarf phenotype of mice null for pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. J Endocrinol. 2005;186(2):325\u201331.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1270_CR24","first-page":"249","volume":"39","author":"DA Kniss","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kniss DA, Shubert PJ, Zimmerman PD, Landon MB, Gabbe SG. Insulinlike growth factors. Their regulation of glucose and amino acid transport in placental trophoblasts isolated from first-trimester chorionic villi. J Reprod Med. 1994;39(4):249\u201356.","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"issue":"49","key":"1270_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47225","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M209155200","volume":"277","author":"LS Laursen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Laursen LS, Overgaard MT, Weyer K, Boldt HB, Ebbesen P, Christiansen M, et al. Cell surface targeting of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A proteolytic activity. Reversible adhesion is mediated by two neighboring short consensus repeats. J Biol Chem. 2002;277(49):47225\u201334.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"6","key":"1270_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3149","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.6.3149","volume":"96","author":"JB Lawrence","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lawrence JB, Oxvig C, Overgaard MT, Sottrup-Jensen L, Gleich GJ, Hays LG, et al. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-dependent IGF binding protein-4 protease secreted by human fibroblasts is pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999;96(6):3149\u201353.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1270_CR27","first-page":"167","volume":"3","author":"K Toop","year":"1981","unstructured":"Toop K, Klopper A. Concentration of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in patients with pre-eclamptic toxaemia. Placenta Suppl. 1981;3:167\u201373.","journal-title":"Placenta Suppl"},{"issue":"5","key":"1270_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13224","volume":"43","author":"PI G\u00f3mez-Arriaga","year":"2014","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Arriaga PI, Herraiz I, L\u00f3pez-Jim\u00e9nez EA, Escribano D, Denk B, Galindo A. Uterine artery Doppler and sFlt-1\/PlGF ratio: prognostic value in early-onset pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Off J Int Soc Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2014;43(5):525\u201332.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Off J Int Soc Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1270_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.4.8430","volume":"87","author":"GCS Smith","year":"2002","unstructured":"Smith GCS, Stenhouse EJ, Crossley JA, Aitken DA, Cameron AD, Connor JM. Early pregnancy levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and the risk of intrauterine growth restriction, premature birth, preeclampsia, and stillbirth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(4):1762\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"1270_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(83)90341-1","volume":"145","author":"JG Westergaard","year":"1983","unstructured":"Westergaard JG, Sinosich MJ, Bugge M, Madsen LT, Teisner B, Grudzinskas JG. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A in the prediction of early pregnancy failure. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1983;145(1):67\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1270_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2012.708800","volume":"29","author":"S Kulaksizoglu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kulaksizoglu S, Kulaksizoglu M, Kebapcilar AG, Torun AN, Ozcimen E, Turkoglu S. Can first-trimester screening program detect women at high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus? Gynecol Endocrinol Off J Int Soc Gynecol Endocrinol. 2013;29(2):137\u201340.","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol Off J Int Soc Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1270_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.2656","volume":"27","author":"TY Leung","year":"2006","unstructured":"Leung TY, Chan LW, Leung TN, Fung TY, Sahota DS, Lau TK. First-trimester maternal serum levels of placental hormones are independent predictors of second-trimester fetal growth parameters. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Off J Int Soc Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2006;27(2):156\u201361.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Off J Int Soc Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1270_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.06.052","volume":"191","author":"L Dugoff","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dugoff L, Hobbins JC, Malone FD, Porter TF, Luthy D, Comstock CH, et al. First-trimester maternal serum PAPP-A and free-beta subunit human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations and nuchal translucency are associated with obstetric complications: a population-based screening study (the FASTER Trial). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;191(4):1446\u201351.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1270_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.05.068","volume":"191","author":"D Krantz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Krantz D, Goetzl L, Simpson JL, Thom E, Zachary J, Hallahan TW, et al. Association of extreme first-trimester free human chorionic gonadotropin-beta, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, and nuchal translucency with intrauterine growth restriction and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;191(4):1452\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1270_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5001","volume":"37","author":"RK Morris","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morris RK, Bilagi A, Devani P, Kilby MD. Association of serum PAPP-A levels in first trimester with small for gestational age and adverse pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Prenat Diagn. 2017;37(3):253\u201365.","journal-title":"Prenat Diagn"},{"issue":"5","key":"1270_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.12.026","volume":"198","author":"SE Peterson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Peterson SE, Simhan HN. First-trimester pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and subsequent abnormalities of fetal growth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;198(5):e43-45.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1270_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gine.2013.05.006","volume":"41","author":"E \u00c1lvarez Silvares","year":"2014","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez Silvares E, V\u00e1zquez Rodr\u00edguez M, Castro Vilar L, Alves P\u00e9rez MT. Niveles de prote\u00edna placentaria A asociada a la gestaci\u00f3n: Predictor de macrosom\u00eda fetal en gestantes no diab\u00e9ticas. Cl\u00ednica E Investig En Ginecol Obstet. 2014;41(3):112\u201321.","journal-title":"Cl\u00ednica E Investig En Ginecol Obstet"},{"issue":"2","key":"1270_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1159\/000318565","volume":"29","author":"LCY Poon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Poon LCY, Karagiannis G, Stratieva V, Syngelaki A, Nicolaides KH. First-trimester prediction of macrosomia. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2011;29(2):139\u201347.","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn Ther"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-023-01270-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43032-023-01270-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-023-01270-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T21:36:36Z","timestamp":1699911396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43032-023-01270-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["1270"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43032-023-01270-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 January 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 May 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 May 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}