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Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The metastasis of a gynecological malignancy to the Bartholin gland is rare. We report the case of a 62-year-old patient who had undergone extensive treatment of metastatic ovarian cancer that involved the liver, spleen, and peritoneum. She presented with painful swelling of the left vulva. Clinical and sonographic examinations showed a solid tumor in loco typico of the Bartholin gland. Surgical excision was performed. The patient died 3\u00a0months after the diagnosis of this metastasis. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, which yielded 453 entries. We selected those with at least an abstract available in English that described metastatic lesions on the Bartholin gland (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095). The review showed that a variety of primary cancers (colorectal, medullary thyroid, breast cancer, and endometrial cancers) metastasize to this location. Some patients showed signs of visceral metastasis. Bartholin gland metastases appeared as initial and metachronous manifestations. Most patients were symptomatic, with painful swelling or abscess. Genetic alterations were mentioned in some cases. The main pathways of metastasis discussed were lymphatic, but the mechanism of such metastasis remains unclear. Surgical resection was the preferred treatment option. The literature review indicated that Bartholin gland metastasis of ovarian cancer is rare and associated with poor prognosis. Oncological reasons for vulvar pathologies should be taken into consideration in patients with metastases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-023-01373-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T16:01:31Z","timestamp":1696435291000},"page":"550-554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer in the Bartholin Gland: A Case Report with Systematic Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9334-4774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregor Leonhard","family":"Olmes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georg Peter","family":"Breitbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Tepikin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Nistor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erich Franz","family":"Solomayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bashar Haj","family":"Hamoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1373_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0000000000000516","volume":"38","author":"G Karpathiou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Karpathiou G, Chauleur C, Hathroubi S, Peoc\u2019h M. Secondary tumors of the gynecologic tract: a clinicopathologic analysis. Int J Gynecol Pathol Off J Int Soc Gynecol Pathol. 2019;38:363\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PGP.0000000000000516.","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol Off J Int Soc Gynecol Pathol."},{"key":"1373_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200306000-00011","volume":"27","author":"AG Neto","year":"2003","unstructured":"Neto AG, Deavers MT, Silva EG, Malpica A. Metastatic tumors of the vulva: a clinicopathologic study of 66 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27:799\u2013804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000478-200306000-00011.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol."},{"key":"1373_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1999.5382","volume":"74","author":"F Kobayashi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kobayashi F, Tanada S, Mizuno Y, Sagawa N, Fujii S. A case of clitoral metastasis without skin involvement from rectal cancer. 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For this case report, the written consent to publish is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"Waiver.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient\u2019s family for publication of this case report after patient\u2019s death.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare the following conflict of interest. GL Olmes received grants from AstraZeneca (Cambridge, UK) and RG \u00c4rztefortbildung GmbH, membership of DGGG (Berlin, Germany), AGE (Buchholz, Germany), and AGEM (Berlin, Germany). EF Solomayer is receiving grants from the University of Saarland and Storz and Erbe; personal fees and other compensation from Roche (Basel, Switzerland), Pfizer (New York City, NY, USA), Celgene (Summit USA), Amgen (Thousand Oaks, CA, USA), and AstraZeneca (Cambridge, UK); and other fees from Esai (Tokyo, Japan), Johnson & Johnson (New Brunswick, NJ, USA), Novartis (Basel, Switzerland), Tesaro (Waltham, MA, USA), Teva (Petach Tikwa, Israel), Medac GmbH (Wedel, Germany), MSD (Kenilworth, NJ, USA), Vifor (Sankt Gallen, Switzerland), Gedeon Richter (Budapest, Hungary), Takeda (Tokyo, Japan), and AGE (Buchholz, Germany); other potential conflicts are Clovis Oncology (Boulder, Colorado, USA), Genomic Health (Redwood City, California, USA), Jenapharm (Jena, Germany), Matramed (Bexbach, Germany), Mentor (Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA), Pharma Mar (Madrid, Spain), Samsung (Suwon, South Korea), University of Saarland (Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany), DGGG (Berlin, Germany), AGO (Taufkirchen, Germany), AGUB (Taufkirchen, Germany), DGS (Berlin, Germany), DKG (Berlin, Germany), Saarl\u00e4ndisches Tumorzentrum am UKS e.V., University of Saarland (Homburg, Germany), Saarl\u00e4ndische Krebsgesellschaft (Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany), Stiftung Endometriose Forschung (Westerstede, Germany), ESGE (Leuven, Belgium), ETC (Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany), DEGUM (Berlin, Germany), Deutsche Kontinenzgesellschaft (Frankfurt, Germany), BLFG (Berlin, Germany), Medconcept (Neustadt an der Weinstra\u00dfe, Germany), Thieme (Stuttgart, Germany). B Haj Hamoud received travel grants from Gedeon Richter, AstraZeneca (Cambridge, UK), Johnson & Johnson (New Brunswick, NJ, USA), and Storz (Tuttlingen, Germany) and is member of DGGG (Berlin, Germany), AGE (Buchholz, Germany), and Stiftung Endometriose Forschung (Westerstede, Germany). GP Breitbach, A Nistor, and A Tepikin declare to have no conflict of interest.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}