{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:12:37Z","timestamp":1789733557923,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709078400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019180","name":"HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101078556"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101078556"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019180","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>An anonymous online survey in French was used to assess if endometriosis patients would be as ready as unaffected women to donate their menstrual blood for biological research on endometriosis and evaluate potential barriers to such donation. It was distributed in September 2022 by social media and two mailing lists, including a French patient organization. The questionnaire assessed participant age and brief medical history (hormonal contraception, endometriosis diagnosis, type of endometriosis), menstrual experience (menstrual blood abundance, dysmenorrhea), and whether participants would donate menstrual blood. Women who self-declared with an established endometriosis diagnosis versus no endometriosis were compared. Seven hundred seventy-eight women answered the survey. Among women with menstruation (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009568), 78% are willing to donate menstrual blood for research. Importantly, this proportion was higher in women who declared having an established endometriosis diagnosis (83%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009299) compared to self-declared unaffected women (68%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009134, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The previous use of a menstrual cup and dysmenorrhea were significantly associated with the willingness to donate menstrual blood, while the use of hormonal contraception was significantly associated with an unwillingness to donate. Only the previous use of the menstrual cup had a predictive value for menstrual blood donation. No significant relationship was observed between menstrual blood donation and age, heavy menstrual bleeding and in endometriosis patients, endometriosis subtypes. In conclusion, women affected or not by endometriosis are largely willing to donate their menstrual blood for research on endometriosis, dysmenorrhea is not a barrier for donation, and women who use a menstrual cup are the more likely to donate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-024-01481-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T19:02:54Z","timestamp":1709146974000},"page":"1617-1625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Menstrual Blood Donation for Endometriosis Research: A Cross-Sectional Survey on Women\u2019s Willingness and Potential Barriers"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Kheira","family":"Bouzid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathilde","family":"Bourdon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxane","family":"Bartkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Verbanck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Chapron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Marcellin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Batteux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Santulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4380-1118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludivine","family":"Doridot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"1481_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0245-z","volume":"15","author":"C Chapron","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chapron C, Marcellin L, Borghese B, Santulli P. Rethinking mechanisms, diagnosis and management of endometriosis. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2019;15:666\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-019-0245-z.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"1481_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1810764","volume":"382","author":"KT Zondervan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zondervan KT, Becker CM, Missmer SA. Endometriosis. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:1244\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1810764.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1481_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv045","volume":"22","author":"U Leone Roberti Maggiore","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leone Roberti Maggiore U, Ferrero S, Mangili G, et al. A systematic review on endometriosis during pregnancy: diagnosis, misdiagnosis, complications and outcomes. Hum Reprod Update. 2016;22:70\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmv045.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"1481_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew035","volume":"31","author":"P Santulli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Santulli P, Marcellin L, Menard S, et al. Increased rate of spontaneous miscarriages in endometriosis-affected women. Hum Reprod Oxf Engl. 2016;31:1014\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/dew035.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Oxf Engl"},{"key":"1481_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2019.1603217","volume":"40","author":"V Ghai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ghai V, Jan H, Shakir F, et al. Diagnostic delay for superficial and deep endometriosis in the United Kingdom. J Obstet Gynaecol J Inst Obstet Gynaecol. 2020;40:83\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01443615.2019.1603217.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol J Inst Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"1481_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des073","volume":"27","author":"S Simoens","year":"2012","unstructured":"Simoens S, Dunselman G, Dirksen C, et al. The burden of endometriosis: costs and quality of life of women with endometriosis and treated in referral centres. Hum Reprod Oxf Engl. 2012;27:1292\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/des073.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Oxf Engl"},{"key":"1481_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.05.004","volume":"108","author":"CM Becker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Becker CM, Gattrell WT, Gude K, Singh SS. Reevaluating response and failure of medical treatment of endometriosis: a systematic review. Fertil Steril. 2017;108:125\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.05.004.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1481_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2019.08.004","volume":"42","author":"SS Singh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Singh SS, Gude K, Perdeaux E, et al. Surgical outcomes in patients with endometriosis: a systematic review. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2020;42:881-888.e11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jogc.2019.08.004.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"1481_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0008-5","volume":"4","author":"KT Zondervan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zondervan KT, Becker CM, Koga K, et al. Endometriosis. Nat Rev Dis Primer. 2018;4:9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-018-0008-5.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primer"},{"key":"1481_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795976","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/795976","volume":"2015","author":"SH Ahn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahn SH, Monsanto SP, Miller C, et al. Pathophysiology and immune dysfunction in endometriosis. BioMed Res Int. 2015;2015:795976. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/795976.","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"1481_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2019.7745","volume":"28","author":"H Manley","year":"2002","unstructured":"Manley H, Sprinks J. Breedon P. Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells: women\u2019s attitudes, willingness, and barriers to donation of menstrual blood. J Womens Health. 2002;28:1688\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jwh.2019.7745.","journal-title":"J Womens Health"},{"key":"1481_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102016","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1102016","volume":"11","author":"KN Kaur","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kaur KN, Nandi D, Ramachandran K, et al. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells among female healthcare workers in India. Front Public Health. 2023;11:1102016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1102016.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"1481_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1159\/000496608","volume":"84","author":"MB Donoso","year":"2019","unstructured":"Donoso MB, Serra R, Rice GE, et al. Normality ranges of menstrual fluid volume during reproductive life using direct quantification of menses with vaginal cups. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2019;84:390\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000496608.","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"1481_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det398","volume":"29","author":"RG van der Molen","year":"2014","unstructured":"van der Molen RG, Schutten JHF, van Cranenbroek B, et al. Menstrual blood closely resembles the uterine immune micro-environment and is clearly distinct from peripheral blood. Hum Reprod Oxf Engl. 2014;29:303\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/det398.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Oxf Engl"},{"key":"1481_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02194-y","volume":"4","author":"T Cindrova-Davies","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cindrova-Davies T, Zhao X, Elder K, et al. Menstrual flow as a non-invasive source of endometrial organoids. Commun Biol. 2021;4:651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-021-02194-y.","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"1481_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02500-3","volume":"20","author":"AJ Shih","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shih AJ, Adelson RP, Vashistha H, et al. Single-cell analysis of menstrual endometrial tissues defines phenotypes associated with endometriosis. BMC Med. 2022;20:315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-022-02500-3.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"1481_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-018-1067-y","volume":"9","author":"H Lv","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lv H, Hu Y, Cui Z, Jia H. Human menstrual blood: a renewable and sustainable source of stem cells for regenerative medicine. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2018;9:325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-018-1067-y.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"1481_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2021.103424","volume":"148","author":"T Schmitz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schmitz T, Hoffmann V, Olliges E, et al. Reduced frequency of perforin-positive CD8+ T cells in menstrual effluent of endometriosis patients. J Reprod Immunol. 2021;148:103424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jri.2021.103424.","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"1481_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-018-0009-6","volume":"24","author":"LA Warren","year":"2018","unstructured":"Warren LA, Shih A, Renteira SM, et al. Analysis of menstrual effluent: diagnostic potential for endometriosis. Mol Med Camb Mass. 2018;24:1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10020-018-0009-6.","journal-title":"Mol Med Camb Mass"},{"key":"1481_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gau044","volume":"20","author":"S Nikoo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nikoo S, Ebtekar M, Jeddi-Tehrani M, et al. Menstrual blood-derived stromal stem cells from women with and without endometriosis reveal different phenotypic and functional characteristics. Mol Hum Reprod. 2014;20:905\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molehr\/gau044.","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"1481_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2014.08.005","volume":"68","author":"CM da Silva","year":"2014","unstructured":"da Silva CM, Vila\u00e7a Belo A, Passos Andrade S, et al. Identification of local angiogenic and inflammatory markers in the menstrual blood of women with endometriosis. Biomed Pharmacother Biomedecine Pharmacother. 2014;68:899\u2013904. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2014.08.005.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother Biomedecine Pharmacother"},{"key":"1481_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719117692042","volume":"24","author":"K Shimizu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shimizu K, Kamada Y, Sakamoto A, et al. High expression of high-mobility group box 1 in menstrual blood: implications for endometriosis. Reprod Sci Thousand Oaks Calif. 2017;24:1532\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1933719117692042.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci Thousand Oaks Calif"},{"key":"1481_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2023.104995","volume":"289","author":"S Ji","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ji S, Liu Y, Yan L, et al. DIA-based analysis of the menstrual blood proteome identifies association between CXCL5 and IL1RN and endometriosis. J Proteomics. 2023;289:104995. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jprot.2023.104995.","journal-title":"J Proteomics"},{"key":"1481_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S261139","volume":"14","author":"SA Missmer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Missmer SA, Tu FF, Agarwal SK, et al. Impact of endometriosis on life-course potential: a narrative review. Int J Gen Med. 2021;14:9\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJGM.S261139.","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"1481_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.encep.2023.06.019","volume":"S0013\u20137006","author":"C Guillemot","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guillemot C, Klinkenberg J, Sordes F. The psychopathological repercussions on patients faced with pain: a focus on endometriosis. L\u2019Encephale. 2023;S0013\u20137006(23):00139\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.encep.2023.06.019.","journal-title":"L\u2019Encephale"},{"key":"1481_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-05388-5","volume":"13","author":"E Kor","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kor E, Mostafavi SRS, Mazhin ZA, et al. Relationship between the severity of endometriosis symptoms (dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain) and the spread of the disease on ultrasound. BMC Res Notes. 2020;13:546. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13104-020-05388-5.","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"1481_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14491","volume":"102","author":"J Knez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Knez J, Bean E, Nijjar S, et al. Natural progression of deep pelvic endometriosis in women who opt for expectant management. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2023;102:1298\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.14491.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"1481_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.12.039","volume":"119","author":"A-E Millischer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Millischer A-E, Santulli P, Da Costa S, et al. Adolescent endometriosis: prevalence increases with age on magnetic resonance imaging scan. Fertil Steril. 2023;119:626\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.12.039.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1481_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13858","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241813858","volume":"24","author":"IT Mihai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mihai IT, Rudzitis-Auth J, Menger MD, Laschke MW. The presence of pre-existing endometriotic lesions promotes the growth of new lesions in the peritoneal cavity. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24:13858. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms241813858.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1481_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2004.01.007","volume":"18","author":"P Vigan\u00f2","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vigan\u00f2 P, Parazzini F, Somigliana E, Vercellini P. Endometriosis: epidemiology and aetiological factors. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;18:177\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2004.01.007.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"1481_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20404","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-99681-3","volume":"11","author":"K Becker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Becker K, Heinemann K, Imthurn B, et al. Real world data on symptomology and diagnostic approaches of 27,840 women living with endometriosis. Sci Rep. 2021;11:20404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-99681-3.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1481_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-021-01545-5","volume":"21","author":"DR Kalaitzopoulos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kalaitzopoulos DR, Samartzis N, Kolovos GN, et al. Treatment of endometriosis: a review with comparison of 8 guidelines. BMC Womens Health. 2021;21:397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12905-021-01545-5.","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"1481_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02762.x","volume":"955","author":"RL Barbieri","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barbieri RL, Missmer S. Endometriosis and infertility: a cause-effect relationship? Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002;955:23\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02762.x. (discussion 34-36, 396\u2013406).","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"1481_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1037\/a0023443","volume":"30","author":"DE Ramo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ramo DE, Hall SM, Prochaska JJ. Reliability and validity of self-reported smoking in an anonymous online survey with young adults. Health Psychol. 2011;30:693\u2013701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0023443.","journal-title":"Health Psychol"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01481-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01481-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01481-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T21:11:31Z","timestamp":1716412291000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01481-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1481"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01481-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 February 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Waiver.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}