{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T16:48:46Z","timestamp":1784738926680,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710979200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-024-01517-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T15:01:56Z","timestamp":1711033316000},"page":"693-701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["25-hydroxyvitamin D and Endometriosis: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2986-4614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Di","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyun","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1517_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2023.5232","volume":"51","author":"VM Vazgiourakis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vazgiourakis VM, Zervou MI, Papageorgiou L, et al. Association of endometriosis with cardiovascular disease: Genetic aspects (Review). Int J Mol Med. 2023;51(3):29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ijmm.2023.5232.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1517_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16447","volume":"128","author":"IJ Rowlands","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rowlands IJ, Abbott JA, Montgomery GW, et al. Prevalence and incidence of endometriosis in Australian women: a data linkage cohort study. BJOG. 2021;128(4):657\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.16447.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"5","key":"1517_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmad009","volume":"29","author":"IM McGrath","year":"2023","unstructured":"McGrath IM, Montgomery GW, Mortlock S. Insights from Mendelian randomization and genetic correlation analyses into the relationship between endometriosis and its comorbidities. Hum Reprod Update. 2023;29(5):655\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmad009.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"2","key":"1517_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.02.030","volume":"130","author":"AO Fawole","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fawole AO, Bello FA, Ogunbode O, et al. Endometriosis and associated symptoms among Nigerian women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2015;130(2):190\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.02.030.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"5","key":"1517_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4254","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054254","volume":"24","author":"J Lamceva","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lamceva J, Uljanovs R, Strumfa I. The main theories on the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(5):4254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24054254.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"1517_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.113.301241","volume":"114","author":"PE Norman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Norman PE, Powell JT. Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease. Circ Res. 2014;114(2):379\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.113.301241.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"1517_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jiang X, O'Reilly PF, Aschard H, et al. Genome-wide association study in 79,366 European-ancestry individuals informs the genetic architecture of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):260 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-017-02662-2","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02662-2"},{"issue":"8","key":"1517_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dem142","volume":"22","author":"E Somigliana","year":"2007","unstructured":"Somigliana E, Panina-Bordignon P, Murone S, et al. Vitamin D reserve is higher in women with endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 2007;22(8):2273\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/dem142.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"5","key":"1517_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws247","volume":"177","author":"HR Harris","year":"2013","unstructured":"Harris HR, Chavarro JE, Malspeis S, et al. Dairy-food, calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D intake and endometriosis: a prospective cohort study. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;177(5):420\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kws247.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1517_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-022-01051-9","volume":"20","author":"DR Kalaitzopoulos","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kalaitzopoulos DR, Samartzis N, Daniilidis A, et al. Effects of vitamin D supplementation in endometriosis: a systematic review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2022;20(1):176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12958-022-01051-9.","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1517_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s42000-019-00166-w","volume":"19","author":"DR Kalaitzopoulos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kalaitzopoulos DR, Lempesis IG, Athanasaki F, et al. Association between vitamin D and endometriosis: a systematic review. Hormones (Athens). 2020;19(2):109\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42000-019-00166-w.","journal-title":"Hormones (Athens)"},{"key":"1517_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612825666190722095401","volume":"25","author":"PC Giampaolino","year":"2019","unstructured":"Giampaolino PC, Foreste LD, et al. Is there a Relationship between Vitamin D and Endometriosis? An Overview of the Literature. Curr Pharma Des. 2019;25:22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1381612825666190722095401.","journal-title":"Curr Pharma Des"},{"issue":"1","key":"1517_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabolism.2013.09.012","volume":"63","author":"L Sayegh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sayegh L, Gel-H F, Nassar AH. Vitamin D in endometriosis: a causative or confounding factor? Metabolism. 2014;63(1):32\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.metabolism.2013.09.012.","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"1517_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k601","volume":"362","author":"NM Davies","year":"2018","unstructured":"Davies NM, Holmes MV, Davey SG. Reading Mendelian randomisation studies: a guide, glossary, and checklist for clinicians. BMJ. 2018;362:601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.k601.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"16","key":"1517_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.18236","volume":"326","author":"VW Skrivankova","year":"2021","unstructured":"Skrivankova VW, Richmond RC, Woolf BAR, et al. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Using Mendelian Randomization: The STROBE-MR Statement. JAMA. 2021;326(16):1614\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2021.18236.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"1517_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3034","volume":"27","author":"DA Lawlor","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lawlor DA, Harbord RM, Sterne JA, et al. Mendelian randomization: using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiology. Stat Med. 2008;27(8):1133\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.3034.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"1517_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2016.12.033","volume":"145","author":"V Gupta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gupta V, Walia GK, Sachdeva MP. \u201cMendelian randomization\u201d: an approach for exploring causal relations in epidemiology. Public Health. 2017;145:113\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2016.12.033.","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1517_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15421-7","volume":"11","author":"JA Revez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Revez JA, Lin T, Qiao Z, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies 143 loci associated with 25 hydroxyvitamin D concentration. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):1647. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-15421-7.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1517_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34408","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.34408","volume":"7","author":"G Hemani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hemani G, Zheng J, Elsworth B, et al. The MR-Base platform supports systematic causal inference across the human phenome. Elife. 2018;7:e34408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.34408.","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"22","key":"1517_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4851","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz469","volume":"35","author":"MA Kamat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kamat MA, Blackshaw JA, Young R, et al. PhenoScanner V2: an expanded tool for searching human genotype-phenotype associations. Bioinformatics. 2019;35(22):4851\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz469.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"4","key":"1517_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32183","volume":"75","author":"L Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen L, Yang H, Li H, et al. Insights into modifiable risk factors of cholelithiasis: A Mendelian randomization study. Hepatology. 2022;75(4):785\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.32183.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"1517_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyw220","volume":"45","author":"J Bowden","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bowden J, Del Greco MF, Minelli C, et al. Assessing the suitability of summary data for two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses using MR-Egger regression: the role of the I2 statistic. Int J Epidemiol. 2016;45(6):1961\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyw220.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1517_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0099-7","volume":"50","author":"M Verbanck","year":"2018","unstructured":"Verbanck M, Chen CY, Neale B, et al. Detection of widespread horizontal pleiotropy in causal relationships inferred from Mendelian randomization between complex traits and diseases. Nat Genet. 2018;50(5):693\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41588-018-0099-7.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"5","key":"1517_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716003172","volume":"47","author":"SH Gage","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gage SH, Jones HJ, Burgess S, et al. Assessing causality in associations between cannabis use and schizophrenia risk: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Psychol Med. 2017;47(5):971\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291716003172.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1517_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2020.103266","volume":"143","author":"AA Delbandi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Delbandi AA, Torab M, Abdollahi E, et al. Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for endometriosis in Iranian women. J Reprod Immunol. 2021;143:103266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jri.2020.103266.","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1517_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-020-05576-5","volume":"302","author":"Y Qiu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qiu Y, Yuan S, Wang H. Vitamin D status in endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2020;302(1):141\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00404-020-05576-5.","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"2","key":"1517_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2016.1239254","volume":"33","author":"A Ciavattini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ciavattini A, Serri M, DelliCarpini G, et al. Ovarian endometriosis and vitamin D serum levels. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2017;33(2):164\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09513590.2016.1239254.","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1517_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719118766259","volume":"26","author":"L Buggio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Buggio L, Somigliana E, Pizzi MN, et al. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Serum Levels and Endometriosis: Results of a Case-Control Study. Reprod Sci. 2019;26(2):172\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1933719118766259.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1517_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.3109\/00365519009089142","volume":"50","author":"D Hartwell","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hartwell D, R\u00f8dbro P, Jensen SB, Thomsen K, Christiansen C. Vitamin D metabolites\u2013relation to age, menopause and endometriosis. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1990;50(2):115\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00365519009089142.","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest"},{"issue":"5","key":"1517_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719107304565","volume":"14","author":"A Agic","year":"2007","unstructured":"Agic A, Xu H, Altgassen C, et al. Relative expression of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor, vitamin D 1 alpha-hydroxylase, vitamin D 24-hydroxylase, and vitamin D 25-hydroxylase in endometriosis and gynecologic cancers. Reprod Sci. 2007;14(5):486\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1933719107304565.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"1517_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-018-0038-9","volume":"50","author":"SM Jeon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jeon SM, Shin EA. Exploring vitamin D metabolism and function in cancer. Exp Mol Med. 2018;50(4):1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s12276-018-0038-9.","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"key":"1517_CR32","first-page":"908","volume":"08","author":"Wang Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li Wang, Xiaofeng Yang. Study on the relationship between vitamin d and endometriosis. Chin J Woman Child Health Res. 2019;08:908\u201312.","journal-title":"Chin J Woman Child Health Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1517_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E233","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1532","volume":"96","author":"K Faserl","year":"2011","unstructured":"Faserl K, Golderer G, Kremser L, et al. Polymorphism in vitamin D-binding protein as a genetic risk factor in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(1):E233\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2010-1532.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"1517_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der412","volume":"27","author":"DK Hapangama","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hapangama DK, Raju RS, Valentijn AJ, et al. Aberrant expression of metastasis-inducing proteins in ectopic and matched eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis: implications for the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 2012;27(2):394\u2013407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/der412.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"7","key":"1517_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des150","volume":"27","author":"M Mariani","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mariani M, Vigan\u00f2 P, Gentilini D, et al. The selective vitamin D receptor agonist, elocalcitol, reduces endometriosis development in a mouse model by inhibiting peritoneal inflammation. Hum Reprod. 2012;27(7):2010\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/des150.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"5","key":"1517_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-012-1301-4","volume":"461","author":"AP Londero","year":"2012","unstructured":"Londero AP, Calcagno A, Grassi T, et al. Survivin, MMP-2, MT1-MMP, and TIMP-2: their impact on survival, implantation, and proliferation of endometriotic tissues. Virchows Arch. 2012;461(5):589\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00428-012-1301-4.","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"issue":"4","key":"1517_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.10.873","volume":"202","author":"B Yilmaz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yilmaz B, Sucak A, Kilic S, et al. Metformin regresses endometriotic implants in rats by improving implant levels of superoxide dismutase, vascular endothelial growth factor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;202(4):368.e1-368.e3688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.10.873.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1517_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954422407742713","volume":"20","author":"F Baeke","year":"2007","unstructured":"Baeke F, Etten EV, Overbergh L, Mathieu C. Vitamin D3 and the immune system: maintaining the balance in health and disease. Nutr Res Rev. 2007;20(1):106\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954422407742713.","journal-title":"Nutr Res Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"1517_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/s1471-4914(02)02294-3","volume":"8","author":"C Mathieu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mathieu C, Adorini L. The coming of age of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) analogs as immunomodulatory agents. Trends Mol Med. 2002;8(4):174\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1471-4914(02)02294-3.","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"1517_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0385","volume":"96","author":"MF Holick","year":"2011","unstructured":"Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, et al. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(7):1911\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2011-0385.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01517-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01517-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01517-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T08:00:07Z","timestamp":1740816007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01517-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["1517"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01517-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 March 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 March 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"In this MR study, we used published studies or shared datasets that have been ethically approved. We did not need to obtain an additional ethics statement.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"In this MR study, we used published studies or shared datasets that informed consent has been obtained. We did not need to obtain an additional consent.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"All authors agree to the manuscript submitted and agree to be published in this journal.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The author declares that there is no conflict of interest or competition in this article.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest\/Competing Interests"}}]}}