{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T07:14:46Z","timestamp":1781853286436,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-024-01640-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T19:01:49Z","timestamp":1721156509000},"page":"3112-3121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Expression of DDSR1 Long Non-Coding RNA and Genes Involved in the DNA Damage Response in Sperm with DNA Fragmentation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Mina","family":"Moayeri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiva","family":"Irani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marefat Ghaffari","family":"Novin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman","family":"Salahshourifar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3768-4325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1640_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-022-01883-7","volume":"46","author":"R Mazzilli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mazzilli R, et al. The role of thyroid function in female and male infertility: a narrative review. J Endocrinol Investig. 2023;46(1):15\u201326.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Investig"},{"key":"1640_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wo\u017aniak S, et al. Infertility in the light of new scientific reports-focus on male factor. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2016;23(2).","DOI":"10.5604\/12321966.1203881"},{"issue":"1","key":"1640_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.18502\/ijrm.v20i1.10407","volume":"20","author":"N Borumandnia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Borumandnia N, et al. Worldwide trend analysis of primary and secondary infertility rates over past decades: a cross-sectional study. Int J Reproductive Biomed. 2022;20(1):37.","journal-title":"Int J Reproductive Biomed"},{"issue":"9054","key":"1640_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)08341-9","volume":"349","author":"DM De Kretser","year":"1997","unstructured":"De Kretser DM. Male infertility. Lancet. 1997;349(9054):787\u201390.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"1640_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-1208.170370","volume":"8","author":"N Kumar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumar N, Singh AK. Trends of male factor infertility, an important cause of infertility: a review of literature. J Hum Reproductive Sci. 2015;8(4):191.","journal-title":"J Hum Reproductive Sci"},{"key":"1640_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Babakhanzadeh E, et al. Some of the factors involved in male infertility: a prospective review. Int J Gen Med. 2020:29\u201341.","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S241099"},{"issue":"7","key":"1640_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.21037\/tau-22-149","volume":"11","author":"Aa Farkouh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Farkouh Aa, et al. Sperm DNA integrity and male infertility: a narrative review and guide for the reproductive physicians. Translational Androl Urol. 2022;11(7):1023.","journal-title":"Translational Androl Urol"},{"key":"1640_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02704745","volume":"26","author":"PB Seshagiri","year":"2001","unstructured":"Seshagiri PB. Molecular insights into the causes of male infertility. J Biosci. 2001;26:429\u201335.","journal-title":"J Biosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1640_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1993.1182","volume":"207","author":"W Gorczyca","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gorczyca W, et al. Presence of DNA strand breaks and increased sensitivity of DNA in situ to denaturation in abnormal human sperm cells: analogy to apoptosis of somatic cells. Exp Cell Res. 1993;207(1):202\u20135.","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"1640_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/15.8.1717","volume":"15","author":"K Larson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Larson K, et al. Sperm chromatin structure assay parameters as predictors of failed pregnancy following assisted reproductive techniques. Hum Reprod. 2000;15(8):1717\u201322.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"1","key":"1640_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-023-01054-0","volume":"21","author":"A Szab\u00f3","year":"2023","unstructured":"Szab\u00f3 A, et al. Lifestyle-, environmental-, and additional health factors associated with an increased sperm DNA fragmentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reproductive Biology Endocrinol. 2023;21(1):5.","journal-title":"Reproductive Biology Endocrinol"},{"key":"1640_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dexheimer TS. DNA repair pathways and mechanisms. DNA Repair cancer stem Cells. 2013:19\u201332.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-4590-2_2"},{"issue":"11","key":"1640_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201541309","volume":"16","author":"J Lukas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lukas J, Altmeyer M. A lnc RNA to repair DNA. EMBO Rep. 2015;16(11):1413\u20134.","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"1640_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40169-016-0128-z","volume":"5","author":"S Bhattacharjee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bhattacharjee S, Nandi S. Choices have consequences: the nexus between DNA repair pathways and genomic instability in cancer. Clin Translational Med. 2016;5:1\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Translational Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"1640_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201540437","volume":"16","author":"V Sharma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sharma V, et al. A BRCA 1-interacting lnc RNA regulates homologous recombination. EMBO Rep. 2015;16(11):1520\u201334.","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"1640_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-023-03518-x","volume":"13","author":"M Sameni","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sameni M, et al. Deciphering molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and drug repurposing through GRN motifs: a comprehensive systems biology study. 3 Biotech. 2023;13(4):117.","journal-title":"3 Biotech"},{"key":"1640_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2023.104890","volume":"280","author":"S Dadashkhan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dadashkhan S, et al. Deciphering crucial genes in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis and drug repurposing: a systems biology approach. J Proteom. 2023;280:104890.","journal-title":"J Proteom"},{"key":"1640_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genrep.2021.101241","volume":"24","author":"G Nuoroozi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nuoroozi G, et al. Deregulation of microRNAs in oral squamous cell carcinoma, a bioinformatics analysis. Gene Rep. 2021;24:101241.","journal-title":"Gene Rep"},{"key":"1640_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-012-9742-x","volume":"29","author":"V Jayaraman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jayaraman V, et al. Sperm processing by swim-up and density gradient is effective in elimination of sperm with DNA damage. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2012;29:557\u201363.","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"issue":"5","key":"1640_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-2927.2014.00234.x","volume":"2","author":"M Tandara","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tandara M, et al. Sperm DNA integrity testing: big halo is a good predictor of embryo quality and pregnancy after conventional IVF. Andrology. 2014;2(5):678\u201386.","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"issue":"5","key":"1640_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137150","volume":"5","author":"R Menkveld","year":"1990","unstructured":"Menkveld R, et al. The evaluation of morphological characteristics of human spermatozoa according to stricter criteria. Hum Reprod. 1990;5(5):586\u201392.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"1","key":"1640_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2009.009","volume":"19","author":"A \u010cipak","year":"2009","unstructured":"\u010cipak A, et al. Sperm morphology assessment according to WHO and strict criteria: method comparison and intra-laboratory variability. Biochemia Med. 2009;19(1):87\u201394.","journal-title":"Biochemia Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1640_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1283","volume":"6","author":"AS Schwartz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schwartz AS, et al. Cost-effective strategies for completing the interactome. Nat Methods. 2009;6(1):55\u201361.","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"1640_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s40199-021-00413-9","volume":"29","author":"Z Dehghan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dehghan Z, et al. Repurposing new drug candidates and identifying crucial molecules underlying PCOS Pathogenesis based on Bioinformatics Analysis. DARU J Pharm Sci. 2021;29:353\u201366.","journal-title":"DARU J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"1640_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.15296\/ijwhr.2020.62","volume":"8","author":"Z Dehghan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dehghan Z, Salehi M. The expression of miR-31 and its target gene FOXP3 in recurrent implantation failure patients. Int J Women\u2019s Health Reprod Sci. 2020;8:389\u201395.","journal-title":"Int J Women\u2019s Health Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1640_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s40199-023-00471-1","volume":"31","author":"M Sameni","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sameni M, et al. COVID-19: a novel holistic systems biology approach to predict its molecular mechanisms (in vitro) and repurpose drugs. DARU J Pharm Sci. 2023;31(2):155\u201371.","journal-title":"DARU J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"D1","key":"1640_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D607","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1131","volume":"47","author":"D Szklarczyk","year":"2019","unstructured":"Szklarczyk D, et al. STRING v11: protein\u2013protein association networks with increased coverage, supporting functional discovery in genome-wide experimental datasets. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019;47(D1):D607\u201313.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"1640_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1239303","volume":"13","author":"P Shannon","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shannon P, et al. Cytoscape: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks. Genome Res. 2003;13(11):2498\u2013504.","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1640_CR29","first-page":"53","volume":"15","author":"F Saberi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saberi F, et al. Identification of critical molecular factors and side effects underlying the response to thalicthuberine in prostate cancer: a systems biology approach. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol. 2023;15(1):53.","journal-title":"Avicenna J Med Biotechnol"},{"issue":"W1","key":"1640_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W199","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz401","volume":"47","author":"Y Liao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liao Y, et al. WebGestalt 2019: gene set analysis toolkit with revamped UIs and APIs. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019;47(W1):W199\u2013205.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1640_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13614","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13614","volume":"53","author":"S Baskaran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baskaran S, et al. Diagnostic value of routine semen analysis in clinical andrology. Andrologia. 2021;53(2):e13614.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"issue":"19","key":"1640_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa003005","volume":"345","author":"DS Guzick","year":"2001","unstructured":"Guzick DS, et al. Sperm morphology, motility, and concentration in fertile and infertile men. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(19):1388\u201393.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1640_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewis SE, et al. Differences in the endocannabinoid system of sperm from fertile and infertile men. 2012.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047704"},{"issue":"3","key":"1640_CR34","first-page":"235","volume":"56","author":"A Agarwal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Agarwal A, Allamaneni S. The effect of sperm DNA damage on assisted reproduction outcomes. Minerva Ginecol. 2004;56(3):235\u201345.","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1640_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del326","volume":"22","author":"M Bungum","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bungum M, et al. Sperm DNA integrity assessment in prediction of assisted reproduction technology outcome. Hum Reprod. 2007;22(1):174\u20139.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"2","key":"1640_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(01)01180-3","volume":"58","author":"A Zini","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zini A, et al. Biologic variability of sperm DNA denaturation in infertile men. Urology. 2001;58(2):258\u201361.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1640_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(99)00462-8","volume":"73","author":"M Span\u00f2","year":"2000","unstructured":"Span\u00f2 M, et al. Sperm chromatin damage impairs human fertility. Fertil Steril. 2000;73(1):43\u201350.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"1","key":"1640_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.05.055","volume":"95","author":"M Meseguer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Meseguer M, et al. Effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on pregnancy outcome depends on oocyte quality. Fertil Steril. 2011;95(1):124\u20138.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"3","key":"1640_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000271","volume":"28","author":"A Agarwal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Agarwal A, Cho C-L, Esteves SC. Should we evaluate and treat sperm DNA fragmentation? Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2016;28(3):164\u201371.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1640_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-05-0192","volume":"3","author":"J Zhang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhang J, Powell SN. The role of the BRCA1 tumor suppressor in DNA double-strand break repair. Mol Cancer Res. 2005;3(10):531\u20139.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"1640_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5784","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt231","volume":"41","author":"Y-H Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee Y-H, et al. HP1 promotes tumor suppressor BRCA1 functions during the DNA damage response. Nucleic Acids Res. 2013;41(11):5784\u201398.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"1640_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2013.12.004","volume":"15","author":"R Kumar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kumar R, Cheok CF. RIF1: a novel regulatory factor for DNA replication and DNA damage response signaling. DNA Repair. 2014;15:54\u20139.","journal-title":"DNA Repair"},{"issue":"4","key":"1640_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1080\/15384101.2014.998070","volume":"14","author":"L-Y Lu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lu L-Y, Yu X. Double-strand break repair on sex chromosomes: challenges during male meiotic prophase. Cell Cycle. 2015;14(4):516\u201325.","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"issue":"3","key":"1640_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2505","volume":"10","author":"PS Burgoyne","year":"2009","unstructured":"Burgoyne PS, Mahadevaiah SK, Turner JM. The consequences of asynapsis for mammalian meiosis. Nat Rev Genet. 2009;10(3):207\u201316.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"issue":"12","key":"1640_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2968","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20122968","volume":"20","author":"M Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang M, et al. Integrated analysis of the altered lncRNAs and mRNAs expression in 293T cells after ionizing radiation exposure. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(12):2968.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"21","key":"1640_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4379","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.05854-11","volume":"31","author":"SS Foster","year":"2011","unstructured":"Foster SS, Balestrini A, Petrini JH. Functional interplay of the Mre11 nuclease and Ku in the response to replication-associated DNA damage. Mol Cell Biol. 2011;31(21):4379\u201389.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1640_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e114651","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114651","volume":"9","author":"D Cilli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cilli D, et al. Identification of the interactors of human nibrin (NBN) and of its 26\u00a0kDa and 70\u00a0kDa fragments arising from the NBN 657del5 founder mutation. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(12):e114651.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1640_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genrep.2021.101238","volume":"24","author":"T Sherchkova","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sherchkova T, et al. Role of XRCC1, XPC, NBN gene polymorphisms in spermatogenesis. Gene Rep. 2021;24:101238.","journal-title":"Gene Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"1640_CR49","first-page":"219","volume":"62","author":"E Raderschall","year":"2002","unstructured":"Raderschall E, et al. Elevated levels of Rad51 recombination protein in tumor cells. Cancer Res. 2002;62(1):219\u201325.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"1640_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0215(20001215)88:6<907::AID-IJC11>3.0.CO;2-4","volume":"88","author":"H Maacke","year":"2000","unstructured":"Maacke H, et al. Over-expression of wild\u2010type Rad51 correlates with histological grading of invasive ductal breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2000;88(6):907\u201313.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"1640_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00765","volume":"10","author":"H Gao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gao H, et al. Overexpression of microRNA-10a in germ cells causes male infertility by targeting Rad51 in mouse and human. Front Physiol. 2019;10:765.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01640-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01640-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01640-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]],"date-time":"2024-09-28T15:11:03Z","timestamp":1727536263000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01640-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1640"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01640-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 June 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The research was approved by the ethical board of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (Ethics No.IR.SBMU.RETECH.REC.1396.1296).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}