{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T14:44:49Z","timestamp":1790261089024,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Open Fund Project of The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment","award":["KLEPHRA-2024-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KLEPHRA-2024-1"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82272433"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82272433"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key special projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["2022YFA1103600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFA1103600"]}]},{"name":"Peking University Medicine Sailing Program for Young Scholars\u2019 Scientific & Technological Innovation, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["BMU2024YFJHPY036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BMU2024YFJHPY036"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","award":["7232203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7232203"]}]},{"name":"Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST","award":["2023QNRC001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023QNRC001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-025-01926-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T12:11:47Z","timestamp":1751458307000},"page":"2528-2539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Optimal Exercise Intensity for Enhancing Sperm Parameters: A Network Meta-Analysis of Rodent Studies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1415-5161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yinchu","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiqiong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mimi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yidong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhui","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingjie","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1412-4640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lihua","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10271","key":"1926_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32667-2","volume":"397","author":"A Agarwal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Parekh N, et al. Male infertility. Lancet. 2021;397(10271):319\u201333.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1926_CR2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Infertility. 2024. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/infertility. Accessed November 18, 2024."},{"issue":"8","key":"1926_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13324","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13324","volume":"51","author":"G Pokhrel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pokhrel G, Yihao S, Wangcheng W, et al. The impact of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, work exposure and medical history on semen parameters in young Chinese men: A cross-sectional study. Andrologia. 2019;51(8):e13324.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"issue":"10","key":"1926_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4253","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.204727","volume":"15","author":"Z Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen Z, Hong Z, Wang S, et al. Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical intervention on sperm quality: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Aging. 2023;15(10):4253\u201368.","journal-title":"Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"1926_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1177\/19417381211055399","volume":"14","author":"B Hajizadeh Maleki","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hajizadeh Maleki B, Tartibian B, Chehrazi M. Effectiveness of exercise training on male factor infertility: A systematic review and network Meta-analysis. Sports Health. 2022;14(4):508\u201317.","journal-title":"Sports Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"1926_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.230106","volume":"42","author":"A Lo Giudice","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lo Giudice A, Asmundo MG, Cimino S, et al. Effects of physical activity on fertility parameters: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. World J Mens Health. 2024;42(3):555\u201362.","journal-title":"World J Mens Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"1926_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-019-05045-8","volume":"299","author":"J Iba\u00f1ez-Perez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Iba\u00f1ez-Perez J, Santos-Zorrozua B, Lopez-Lopez E, Matorras R, Garcia-Orad A. An update on the implication of physical activity on semen quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2019;299(4):901\u201321.","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"7","key":"1926_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2017.03.097","volume":"39","author":"BH Maleki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maleki BH, Tartibian B. High-Intensity exercise training for improving reproductive function in infertile patients: A randomized controlled trial. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2017;39(7):545\u201358.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"issue":"2","key":"1926_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.21608\/zvjz.2020.16479.1079","volume":"48","author":"YMA Shehata","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shehata YMA, Khater SI, El-Bayomi HK, El-Abed EAD, Arisha AH. Reproprotective effects of moderate exercise in male rats doped with testosterone Enanthate. Zagazig Veterinary J. 2020;48(2):189\u201398.","journal-title":"Zagazig Veterinary J"},{"key":"1926_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119585","volume":"277","author":"S Akbar Gharehbagh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akbar Gharehbagh S, Tolouei Azar J, Razi M. ROS and metabolomics-mediated autophagy in rat\u2019s testicular tissue alter after exercise training; evidence for exercise intensity and outcomes. Life Sci. 2021;277:119585.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1926_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.52547\/ijrr.19.2.9","volume":"19","author":"HA Akbari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akbari HA, Gaeini AA. Moderate exercise training as an effective strategy to reduce the harmful effects of cell phone radiation on Wistar rat\u2019s semen quality. Int J Radiat Res. 2021;19(2):317\u201323.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1926_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.34172\/cjmb.2023.24","volume":"10","author":"RB Bagheri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bagheri RB, Shadman J, Khaki AA. The effect of carvacrol plus treadmill exercise on testis structure and oxidative stress in Streptozotocin-Induced diabetic rats. Crescent J Med Biol. 2023;10(3):144\u201350.","journal-title":"Crescent J Med Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1926_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.934585","volume":"70","author":"H Kelestimur","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kelestimur H, Bulmus O, Serhatlioglu I, et al. Effects of treadmill exercise on sexual behavior and reproductive parameters in chronically stressed-male rats. Physiol Res. 2021;70(5):765\u201375.","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1926_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-024-01313-w","volume":"82","author":"AF Odetayo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Odetayo AF, Abdulrahim HA, Fabiyi OT, et al. Synergistic effects of vitamin D and exercise on Diabetes-induced gonadotoxicity in male Wistar rats: role of Xanthine oxidase\/uric acid and Nrf2\/NfkB signaling. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2024;82(3):2065\u201377.","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"10","key":"1926_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11101874","volume":"11","author":"Z Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu Z, Qin Y, Lv B, Tian Z, Zhang B. Effects of moderate-intensity continuous training and high-intensity interval training on testicular oxidative stress, apoptosis and m6A methylation in obese male mice. Antioxid (Basel). 2022;11(10):1874.","journal-title":"Antioxid (Basel)"},{"issue":"11","key":"1926_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.9734\/jpri\/2021\/v33i1131242","volume":"33","author":"ME Karaman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karaman ME, Arslan C, Gursu MF, et al. Moderate aerobic exercise May reduce metabolic syndrome induced testicular oxidative stress and deterioration in sperm parameters. J Pharm Res Int. 2021;33(11):38\u201345.","journal-title":"J Pharm Res Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"1926_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14520","DOI":"10.1111\/and.14520","volume":"54","author":"M Nazanin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nazanin M, Tolouei-Azar J, Razi M. Running exercise training-induced impact on oxidative stress and mitochondria-related apoptosis in rat\u2019s testicles. Andrologia. 2022;54(9):e14520.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"1926_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.4103\/cjp.cjp_96_20","volume":"64","author":"M Bolotari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bolotari M, Andreazzi AE, de Lade CG, Goncalves Costa VM, Guerra MO, Peters VM. Effects of moderate intensity endurance training and high-intensity interval training on the reproductive parameters of Wistar rats overfed in infancy. Chin J Physiol. 2021;64(2):106\u201314.","journal-title":"Chin J Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1926_CR19","first-page":"141","volume":"15","author":"M Hosseini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hosseini M, Alsadat Hashemi SV, Bagheri MH, et al. Effect of low-intensity endurance training and high-intensity interval training on sperm quality in male rats with fatty liver. Int J Fertil Steril. 2021;15(2):141\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"4","key":"1926_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2011.01.011","volume":"14","author":"DC Hoaglin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hoaglin DC, Hawkins N, Jansen JP, et al. Conducting indirect-treatment-comparison and network-meta-analysis studies: report of the ISPOR task force on indirect treatment comparisons good research practices: part 2. Value Health. 2011;14(4):429\u201337.","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"1926_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2385","volume":"162","author":"B Hutton","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hutton B, Salanti G, Caldwell DM, et al. The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162(11):777\u201384.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1926_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-43","volume":"14","author":"CR Hooijmans","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hooijmans CR, Rovers MM, de Vries RB, Leenaars M, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Langendam MW. SYRCLE\u2019s risk of bias tool for animal studies. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2014;14:43.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1926_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s40614-021-00284-0","volume":"45","author":"O Aydin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aydin O, Yassikaya MY. Validity and reliability analysis of the plotdigitizer software program for data extraction from single-case graphs. Perspect Behav Sci. 2021;45(1):239\u201357.","journal-title":"Perspect Behav Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1926_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14339","DOI":"10.1111\/and.14339","volume":"54","author":"M Asadi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Asadi M, Rahmani M, Samadi A, Kalantari Hesari A. Acetylsalicylic acid-induced alterations in male reproductive parameters in Wistar rats and the effect of sprint interval training. Andrologia. 2022;54(3):e14339.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"1926_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14306","DOI":"10.1111\/and.14306","volume":"54","author":"A Saremi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saremi A, Yousefvand Z, Parastesh M, Bayat M, Gahreman D. Aerobic training mitigates the negative impact of diabetes on fertility. Andrologia. 2022;54(1):e14306.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"1926_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2017.08.010","volume":"280","author":"J Magalh\u00e3es","year":"2017","unstructured":"Magalh\u00e3es J, Ascens\u00e3o A, Padr\u00e3o AI, et al. Can exercise training counteract doxorubicin-induced oxidative damage of testis proteome? Toxicol Lett. 2017;280:57\u201369.","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"1926_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12061","volume":"46","author":"S Shokri","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shokri S, Hemadi M, Bayat G, Bahmanzadeh M, Jafari-Anarkooli I, Mashkani B. Combination of running exercise and high dose of anabolic androgenic steroid, nandrolone decanoate, increases Protamine deficiency and DNA damage in rat spermatozoa. Andrologia. 2014;46(2):184\u201390.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"issue":"3","key":"1926_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2020-0477","volume":"46","author":"Y Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li Y, Zhang L, Zheng X, et al. Dietary restriction and\/or exercise training impairs spermatogenesis in normal rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2021;46(3):229\u201337.","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"1926_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13273","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13273","volume":"51","author":"A Nematollahi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nematollahi A, Kazeminasab F, Tavalaee M, et al. Effect of aerobic exercise, low-fat and high-fat diet on the testis tissue and sperm parameters in obese and Nonobese mice model. Andrologia. 2019;51(6):e13273.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"issue":"6","key":"1926_CR30","first-page":"592","volume":"16","author":"M Parastesh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Parastesh M, Saremi A, Ahmadi A, Kaviani M. The effect of aerobic training on serum levels of adiponectin, Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis and sperm quality in diabetic rats. Urol J. 2019;16(6):592\u20137.","journal-title":"Urol J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1926_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.34172\/cjmb.2023.15","volume":"10","author":"H Hamidi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hamidi H, Tofighi A, Azar JT, Khaki AF, Razi M. Effect of Crocin and treadmill exercise on spermatogenesis and testis structure in Streptozotocin-Induced diabetic rats: an experimental study. Crescent J Med Biol. 2023;10(2):98\u2013104.","journal-title":"Crescent J Med Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1926_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14560","DOI":"10.1111\/and.14560","volume":"54","author":"F Karevanpour","year":"2022","unstructured":"Karevanpour F, Tavalaee M, Kazeminasab F, et al. The effect of green coffee and\/or endurance exercise on sperm function in pre-diabetic mice. Andrologia. 2022;54(10):e14560.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"1926_CR33","unstructured":"Huang WT. Effects of diet and exercise interventions for obesity male mice testicular sperm cell apoptosis. Shenyang Sport University; 2017."},{"key":"1926_CR34","unstructured":"Zou QY. Effects of endurance training with low intensity on testicular related enzyme activity in passive smoking rats. Hunan Normal University; 2009."},{"key":"1926_CR35","unstructured":"Xie T. Effect of exercise on fluoride-induced impairment of spermatogenic function in mice. Shanxi Agricultural University; 2022."},{"key":"1926_CR36","unstructured":"Li YR. Effects of exercise intervention on MOTS-c and testosterone biosynthesis in testicular tissue of male mice and its mechanism. Shenyang Sport University; 2020."},{"issue":"2","key":"1926_CR37","first-page":"96","volume":"57","author":"C Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang C, Wei YH, Lu JY, et al. Effects of different exercise modes and exercise duration on testosterone secretion and spermatogenesis in mice. Chin J Anim Sci. 2021;57(2):96\u2013100.","journal-title":"Chin J Anim Sci"},{"key":"1926_CR38","unstructured":"Chang B, Zheng XM, Li J et al. (2018). Effects of aerobic exercise on reproductive function and expression of TNF-\u03b1, Fas, and Caspase-3 mRNA in testicular tissue of male obese rats. Journal of Shenyang Sport University. 2018;37(3):78\u201382\u2009+\u200988."},{"key":"1926_CR39","unstructured":"Zhou XH. Study on the effects of body-weight-support treadmill training on sperm quality of male rats with spinal cord injury. Jilin University; 2020."},{"issue":"2","key":"1926_CR40","first-page":"94","volume":"37","author":"L Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu L. Effects of aerobic exercise on semen quality in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Shandong Sports Sci Technol. 2015;37(2):94\u20137.","journal-title":"Shandong Sports Sci Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1926_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-023-01369-8","volume":"31","author":"M Asadi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Asadi M, Rahmani M, Samadi A, Hesari AK. Protective effect of low-volume high-intensity interval training on aspirin-induced reproductive impairments in adult male Wistar rats. Reprod Sci. 2024;31(2):393\u2013403.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1926_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13183","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13183","volume":"51","author":"M Bahadorani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bahadorani M, Tavalaee M, Abedpoor N, Ghaedi K, Nazem MN, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Effects of branched-chain amino acid supplementation and\/or aerobic exercise on mouse sperm quality and testosterone production. Andrologia. 2019;51(2):e13183.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"1926_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113332","volume":"153","author":"G Hadi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hadi G, Asghar T, Javad TA, Mazdak R. Exercise training amplifies SIRT1\/Nrf2\/antioxidant\/testosterone pathway after long-time Tramadol toxicity in rat testicles; insights into miR-126-3p and miR-181a induced roles. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;153:113332.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"1926_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00807","volume":"8","author":"CA Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez CA, Erthal RP, Ogo FM, et al. A high fat diet during adolescence in male rats negatively programs reproductive and metabolic function which is partially ameliorated by exercise. Front Physiol. 2017;8:807.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"1926_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13457","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13457","volume":"51","author":"Z Samadian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Samadian Z, Tofighi A, Razi M, Tolouei Azar J, Ghaderi Pakdel F. Moderate-intensity exercise training ameliorates the diabetes-suppressed spermatogenesis and improves sperm parameters: insole and simultaneous with insulin. Andrologia. 2019;51(11):e13457.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"issue":"19","key":"1926_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11619","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911619","volume":"23","author":"JV Silva","year":"2022","unstructured":"Silva JV, Santiago J, Matos B, et al. Effects of age and lifelong Moderate-Intensity exercise training on rats\u2019 testicular function. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(19):11619.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1926_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-018-0380-4","volume":"18","author":"M Parastesh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Parastesh M, Heidarianpour A, Sadegh M. Investigating the effects of endurance, resistance and combined training on reproductive hormones and sperm parameters of streptozotocin-nicotinamide diabetic male rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2019;18(2):273\u20139.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Metab Disord"},{"key":"1926_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423916","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2024.1423916","volume":"6","author":"N Abedpoor","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abedpoor N, Taghian F, Hajibabaie F. Exploring the dynamics of exercise intensity on male fertility and reproductive health: advancements and implications for fertility research. Front Reprod Health. 2024;6:1423916.","journal-title":"Front Reprod Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"1926_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0029-x","volume":"43","author":"M Buchheit","year":"2013","unstructured":"Buchheit M, Laursen PB. High-intensity interval training, solutions to the programming puzzle: part I: cardiopulmonary emphasis. Sports Med. 2013;43(5):313\u201338.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"1926_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1113\/EP088190","volume":"106","author":"MJ Gibala","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gibala MJ. Physiological basis of interval training for performance enhancement. Exp Physiol. 2021;106(12):2324\u20137.","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1926_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-024-02114-0","volume":"54","author":"E Opazo-D\u00edaz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Opazo-D\u00edaz E, Montes-de-Oca-Garc\u00eda A, Gal\u00e1n-Mercant A, Mar\u00edn-Galindo A, Corral-P\u00e9rez J, Ponce-Gonz\u00e1lez JG. Characteristics of High-Intensity interval training influence anthropometrics, glycemic control, and cardiorespiratory fitness in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sports Med. 2024;54(12):3127\u201349.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"1926_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2024-108481","volume":"58","author":"ET Poon","year":"2024","unstructured":"Poon ET, Wongpipit W, Li HY, et al. High-intensity interval training for cardiometabolic health in adults with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Sports Med. 2024;58(21):1267\u201384.","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"1926_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-023-01863-8","volume":"53","author":"JJ Edwards","year":"2023","unstructured":"Edwards JJ, Griffiths M, Deenmamode AHP, O\u2019Driscoll JM. High-intensity interval training and cardiometabolic health in the general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Sports Med. 2023;53(9):1753\u201363.","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"1926_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2019.154861","volume":"125","author":"B Hajizadeh Maleki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hajizadeh Maleki B, Tartibian B. High-intensity interval training modulates male factor infertility through anti-inflammatory and antioxidative mechanisms in infertile men: A randomized controlled trial. Cytokine. 2020;125:154861.","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"1","key":"1926_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.323","volume":"123","author":"F Donato","year":"2025","unstructured":"Donato F, Rota M, Ceretti E, et al. Intensity and type of physical activity and semen quality in healthy young men. Fertil Steril. 2025;123(1):88\u201396.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"1","key":"1926_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13010064","volume":"13","author":"TS Omolaoye","year":"2024","unstructured":"Omolaoye TS, Skosana BT, Ferguson LM, Ramsunder Y, Ayad BM, Du Plessis SS. Implications of exposure to air pollution on male reproduction: the role of oxidative stress. Antioxid (Basel). 2024;13(1):64.","journal-title":"Antioxid (Basel)"},{"key":"1926_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105369","volume":"108","author":"C Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang C, Zhang G, Sun K, et al. Association of mixed exposure to microplastics with sperm dysfunction: a multi-site study in China. EBioMedicine. 2024;108:105369.","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"1926_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.10.008","volume":"120","author":"L M\u00ednguez-Alarc\u00f3n","year":"2023","unstructured":"M\u00ednguez-Alarc\u00f3n L, Gaskins AJ, Meeker JD, Braun JM, Chavarro JE. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and male reproductive health. Fertil Steril. 2023;120(6):1138\u201349.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"1","key":"1926_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0436-9","volume":"16","author":"A Ilacqua","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ilacqua A, Izzo G, Emerenziani GP, Baldari C, Aversa A. Lifestyle and fertility: the influence of stress and quality of life on male fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2018;16(1):115.","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1926_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmad035","volume":"30","author":"CA Tully","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tully CA, Alesi S, McPherson NO, et al. Assessing the influence of preconception diet on male fertility: a systematic scoping review. Hum Reprod Update. 2024;30(3):243\u201361.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-025-01926-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43032-025-01926-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-025-01926-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,7]],"date-time":"2025-09-07T00:53:57Z","timestamp":1757206437000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43032-025-01926-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1926"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43032-025-01926-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable as the current study is a systematic review and network meta-analysis of published literature.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable as the current study is a systematic review and network meta-analysis of published literature.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"IRB approval"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflict of interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this review.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}