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In a small prospective study, urine collected temporally from consented pregnant subjects who later developed GDM (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200912), PE (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200912), or gHTN (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911), were compared to subjects who never developed APOs (Controls [CON],\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200915). Isolated cell-free RNA, subjected to gold standard RNA-sequencing with differential abundances were assessed (both p-adjusted and p-values), and identified early transcriptomic signatures of these APOs. Using EFIRM-derived transcripts we validated these candidate genes and assessed corresponding protein signals. We next developed logistic regression models with leave-one-out cross-validation to preliminarily predict specific APOs. A panel of urinary transcripts (\n                    <jats:italic>IL1A, MAPK7, TSNARE1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) predicted GDM (AUC\u2009=\u20090.96; sensitivity\u2009=\u20090.95, specificity\u2009=\u20090.62, and NPV\u2009=\u20090.95), while a separate panel (\n                    <jats:italic>NPIPB4, GSDMD, HLA-DPB1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) predicted PE (area under the curve [AUC]\u2009=\u20090.92; sensitivity\u2009=\u20090.91, specificity\u2009=\u20090.62, and negative predictive value [NPV]\u2009=\u20090.90), both being distinct from gHTN. These results support the potential of EFIRM as a noninvasive, real-time, multiplexed urine liquid biopsy platform for early screening and monitoring of APOs, suggesting its future utility in prenatal care at an early gestational age.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-026-02133-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T14:58:23Z","timestamp":1781881103000},"page":"1379-1393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Electric Field-Induced Release and Measurement Liquid Biopsy of Urinary Transcriptomics and Key Proteins from Normal and High-risk Pregnant Women"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Shubhamoy","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanthie","family":"Thamotharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"del Vecchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Janzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7313-1189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherin U.","family":"Devaskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2133_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1113\/EP089665","volume":"108","author":"A Brislane","year":"2023","unstructured":"Brislane A, Davenport MH, Steinback CD. 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