{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:32:49Z","timestamp":1787160769802,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003968","name":"Iran National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4015398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4015398"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-026-02159-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T20:34:16Z","timestamp":1784752456000},"page":"1620-1629","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reduced and Mislocalized ACTL7A in Globozoospermia: Implications for Sperm Chromatin Integrity and Infertility"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9954-964X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marziyeh","family":"Tavalaee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3632-5996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nushin","family":"Naderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7828-4822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Arbabian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7465-7158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bahareh","family":"Nikoozar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5056-9580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Ghorban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1983-3435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Hossein","family":"Nasr-Esfahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2159_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv016","volume":"21","author":"MC Inhorn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Inhorn MC, Patrizio P. Infertility around the globe: new thinking on gender, reproductive technologies and global movements in the 21st century. Hum Reprod Update. 2015;21:411\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmv016.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2159_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmaf003","author":"J He","year":"2025","unstructured":"He J, Lin X, Tan C, Li Y, Su L, Lin G, et al. Molecular insights into sperm head shaping and its role in human male fertility. Hum Reprod Update. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmaf003.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2159_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26062797","author":"J Tesarik","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tesarik J. Lifestyle and environmental factors affecting male fertility, individual predisposition, prevention, and intervention. Int J Mol Sci. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26062797.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2159_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc.67.271","volume":"67","author":"AL Kierszenbaum","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kierszenbaum AL, Tres LL. The acrosome-acroplaxome-manchette complex and the shaping of the spermatid head. Arch Histol Cytol. 2004;67:271\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1679\/aohc.67.271.","journal-title":"Arch Histol Cytol"},{"key":"2159_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1589","DOI":"10.1002\/wsbm.1589","volume":"15","author":"RD Moreno","year":"2023","unstructured":"Moreno RD. Human globozoospermia-related genes and their role in acrosome biogenesis. WIREs Mech Dis. 2023;15:e1589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wsbm.1589.","journal-title":"WIREs Mech Dis"},{"key":"2159_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-023-01130-5","volume":"21","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Tang J, Wang X, Sun Y, Yang T, Shen X, et al. Loss of ACTL7A causes small head sperm by defective acrosome-acroplaxome-manchette complex. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2023;21:82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12958-023-01130-5.","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2159_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241210027","author":"MJ G\u00f3mez-Torres","year":"2023","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Torres MJ, Luna-Romero J, Fern\u00e1ndez-Colom PJ, Aizpurua J, Avil\u00e9s M, Romero A. Human sperm head vacuoles are related to nuclear-envelope invaginations. Int J Mol Sci. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms241210027.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2159_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.111049","volume":"40","author":"XZ Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang XZ, Wei LL, Jin HJ, Zhang XH, Chen SR. The perinuclear theca protein calicin helps shape the sperm head and maintain the nuclear structure in mice. Cell Rep. 2022;40:111049. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.111049.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"2159_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.200489","author":"XZ Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang XZ, Wei LL, Zhang XH, Jin HJ, Chen SR. Loss of perinuclear theca ACTRT1 causes acrosome detachment and severe male subfertility in mice. Development. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.200489.","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2159_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deae031","volume":"39","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Jin H, Long S, Tang X, Li J, Liu W, et al. Deletion of ACTRT1 is associated with male infertility as sperm acrosomal ultrastructural defects and fertilization failure in human. Hum Reprod. 2024;39:880\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deae031.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2159_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-020-00520-1","volume":"11","author":"MI Zafar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zafar MI, Lu S, Li H. Sperm-oocyte interplay: an overview of spermatozoon\u2019s role in oocyte activation and current perspectives in diagnosis and fertility treatment. Cell Biosci. 2021;11:4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13578-020-00520-1.","journal-title":"Cell Biosci"},{"key":"2159_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12179","volume":"4","author":"M Tavalaee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tavalaee M, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Expression profile of PLC\u03b6, PAWP, and TR-KIT in association with fertilization potential, embryo development, and pregnancy outcomes in globozoospermic candidates for intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection and artificial oocyte activation. Andrology. 2016;4:850\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/andr.12179.","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"2159_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2017.12.013","volume":"36","author":"M Tavalaee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tavalaee M, Nomikos M, Lai FA, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Expression of sperm PLC\u03b6 and clinical outcomes of ICSI-AOA in men affected by globozoospermia due to DPY19L2 deletion. Reprod Biomed Online. 2018;36:348\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rbmo.2017.12.013.","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"2159_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2916","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-024-01671-z","volume":"31","author":"S Mehdinejadiani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mehdinejadiani S, Goudarzi N, Masjedi F, Govahi A, Mirani M, Mehdinejadiani K, et al. Clinical applications of assisted oocyte activation in couples with various reproductive problems: a systematic review. Reprod Sci. 2024;31:2916\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43032-024-01671-z.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"2159_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2011.02.007","volume":"88","author":"R Harbuz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Harbuz R, Zouari R, Pierre V, Ben Khelifa M, Kharouf M, Coutton C, et al. A recurrent deletion of DPY19L2 causes infertility in man by blocking sperm head elongation and acrosome formation. Am J Hum Genet. 2011;88:351\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajhg.2011.02.007.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2159_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3695","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds200","volume":"21","author":"E Elinati","year":"2012","unstructured":"Elinati E, Kuentz P, Redin C, Jaber S, Vanden Meerschaut F, Makarian J, et al. Globozoospermia is mainly due to DPY19L2 deletion via non-allelic homologous recombination involving two recombination hotspots. Hum Mol Genet. 2012;21:3695\u2013702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/hmg\/dds200.","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"2159_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-020-02229-0","volume":"140","author":"T Celse","year":"2021","unstructured":"Celse T, Cazin C, Mietton F, Martinez G, Martinez D, Thierry-Mieg N, et al. Genetic analyses of a large cohort of infertile patients with globozoospermia, DPY19L2 still the main actor, GGN confirmed as a guest player. Hum Genet. 2021;140:43\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00439-020-02229-0.","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"2159_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.4103\/aja.aja_79_18","volume":"21","author":"YL Shang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shang YL, Zhu FX, Yan J, Chen L, Tang WH, Xiao S, et al. Novel DPY19L2 variants in globozoospermic patients and the overcoming this male infertility. Asian J Androl. 2019;21:183\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aja.aja_79_18.","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"2159_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2955","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.077982","volume":"139","author":"V Pierre","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pierre V, Martinez G, Coutton C, Delaroche J, Yassine S, Novella C, et al. Absence of Dpy19l2, a new inner nuclear membrane protein, causes globozoospermia in mice by preventing the anchoring of the acrosome to the nucleus. Development. 2012;139:2955\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.077982.","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2159_CR20","volume-title":"WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen","author":"WHO","year":"2021","unstructured":"WHO. WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. World Health Organization; 2021."},{"key":"2159_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-038-0_14","volume":"927","author":"DP Evenson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Evenson DP. Sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA\u00ae). Methods Mol Biol. 2013;927:147\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-62703-038-0_14.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"2159_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1080\/01485010117363","volume":"46","author":"ME Hammadeh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hammadeh ME, Zeginiadov T, Rosenbaum P, Georg T, Schmidt W, Strehler E. Predictive value of sperm chromatin condensation (aniline blue staining) in the assessment of male fertility. Arch Androl. 2001;46:99\u2013104.","journal-title":"Arch Androl"},{"key":"2159_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep068","volume":"24","author":"I Tsarev","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tsarev I, Bungum M, Giwercman A, Erenpreisa J, Ebessen T, Ernst E, et al. Evaluation of male fertility potential by Toluidine Blue test for sperm chromatin structure assessment. Hum Reprod. 2009;24:1569\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/dep068.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2159_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13459","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13459","volume":"52","author":"F Fesahat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fesahat F, Henkel R, Agarwal A. Globozoospermia syndrome: an update. Andrologia. 2020;52:e13459. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/and.13459.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"2159_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deab144","volume":"36","author":"P Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen P, Saiyin H, Shi R, Liu B, Han X, Gao Y, et al. Loss of SPACA1 function causes autosomal recessive globozoospermia by damaging the acrosome-acroplaxome complex. Hum Reprod. 2021;36:2587\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deab144.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2159_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dez246","volume":"35","author":"MS Oud","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oud MS, Okutman \u00d6, Hendricks LAJ, de Vries PF, Houston BJ, Vissers L, et al. Exome sequencing reveals novel causes as well as new candidate genes for human globozoospermia. Hum Reprod. 2020;35:240\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/dez246.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2159_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1086\/521314","volume":"81","author":"AH Dam","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dam AH, Koscinski I, Kremer JA, Moutou C, Jaeger AS, Oudakker AR, et al. Homozygous mutation in SPATA16 is associated with male infertility in human globozoospermia. Am J Hum Genet. 2007;81:813\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/521314.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2159_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2010.47","volume":"12","author":"G Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu G, Shi QW, Lu GX. A newly discovered mutation in PICK1 in a human with globozoospermia. Asian J Androl. 2010;12:556\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/aja.2010.47.","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"2159_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2019.00195","volume":"7","author":"MB Khawar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khawar MB, Gao H, Li W. Mechanism of acrosome biogenesis in mammals. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2019;7:195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2019.00195.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"2159_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gau099","volume":"21","author":"S Yassine","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yassine S, Escoffier J, Martinez G, Coutton C, Karaouz\u00e8ne T, Zouari R, et al. Dpy19l2-deficient globozoospermic sperm display altered genome packaging and DNA damage that compromises the initiation of embryo development. Mol Hum Reprod. 2015;21:169\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molehr\/gau099.","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2159_CR31","first-page":"587","volume":"28","author":"B Baccetti","year":"1996","unstructured":"Baccetti B, Collodel G, Piomboni P. Apoptosis in human ejaculated sperm cells (notulae seminologicae 9). J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol. 1996;28:587\u201396.","journal-title":"J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol"},{"key":"2159_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.8.2128","volume":"17","author":"E Vicari","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vicari E, Perdichizzi A, De Palma A, Burrello N, D\u2019Agata R, Calogero AE. Globozoospermia is associated with chromatin structure abnormalities: case report. Hum Reprod. 2002;17:2128\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/17.8.2128.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2159_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-021-02191-4","volume":"38","author":"S Cheung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cheung S, Parrella A, Tavares D, Keating D, Xie P, Rosenwaks Z, et al. Single-center thorough evaluation and targeted treatment of globozoospermic men. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2021;38:2073\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10815-021-02191-4.","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"2159_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12843","author":"N Eskandari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eskandari N, Tavalaee M, Zohrabi D, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Association between total globozoospermia and sperm chromatin defects. Andrologia. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/and.12843.","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"2159_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koscinski I, Elinati E, Fossard C, Redin C, Muller J, Velez de la Calle J, Schmitt F, Ben Khelifa M, Ray PF, Kilani Z, Barratt CL, Viville S. DPY19L2 deletion as a major cause of globozoospermia. Am J Hum Genet 2011;88:344\u2013350.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajhg.2011.01.018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2011.01.018"},{"key":"2159_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"hoac003","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoac003","volume":"2022","author":"J Kashir","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kashir J, Ganesh D, Jones C, Coward K. Oocyte activation deficiency and assisted oocyte activation: mechanisms, obstacles and prospects for clinical application. Hum Reprod Open. 2022;2022:hoac003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/hropen\/hoac003.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Open"},{"key":"2159_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaaz7602","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz7602","volume":"6","author":"S Middelkamp","year":"2020","unstructured":"Middelkamp S, van Tol HTA, Spierings DCJ, Boymans S, Guryev V, Roelen BAJ, et al. Sperm DNA damage causes genomic instability in early embryonic development. Sci Adv. 2020;6:eaaz7602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aaz7602.","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"2159_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.5468\/ogs.24019","volume":"67","author":"S Azil","year":"2024","unstructured":"Azil S, Mbaye MM, Louanjli N, Ghazi B, Benkhalifa M. Phospholipase C zeta: a hidden face of sperm for oocyte activation and early embryonic development. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2024;67:467\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5468\/ogs.24019.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Sci"},{"key":"2159_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaaz4796","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz4796","volume":"6","author":"A Xin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xin A, Qu R, Chen G, Zhang L, Chen J, Tao C, et al. Disruption in ACTL7A causes acrosomal ultrastructural defects in human and mouse sperm as a novel male factor inducing early embryonic arrest. Sci Adv. 2020;6:eaaz4796. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aaz4796.","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"2159_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.4103\/aja2021111","volume":"24","author":"TY Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang TY, Chen Y, Chen GW, Sun YS, Li ZC, Shen XR, et al. Sperm-specific protein ACTL7A as a biomarker for fertilization outcomes of assisted reproductive technology. Asian J Androl. 2022;24:260\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aja2021111.","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"2159_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ferrer P, Upadhyay S, Cai JJ, Clement TM. Novel nuclear roles for testis-specific ACTL7A and ACTL7B supported by in vivo characterizations and AI facilitated in silico mechanistic modeling with implications for epigenetic regulation in spermiogenesis. bioRxiv 2024.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2024.02.29.582797","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.02.29.582797"},{"key":"2159_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmaa034","volume":"27","author":"SY Jiao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiao SY, Yang YH, Chen SR. Molecular genetics of infertility: loss-of-function mutations in humans and corresponding knockout\/mutated mice. Hum Reprod Update. 2021;27:154\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmaa034.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2159_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.22074\/ijfs.2019.5702","volume":"13","author":"H Tanaka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tanaka H, Miyagawa Y, Tsujimura A, Wada M. Genetic polymorphisms within the intronless ACTL7A and ACTL7B genes encoding spermatogenesis-specific actin-like proteins in Japanese males. Int J Fertil Steril. 2019;13:245\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22074\/ijfs.2019.5702.","journal-title":"Int J Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2159_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-016-0715-3","volume":"33","author":"E ElInati","year":"2016","unstructured":"ElInati E, Fossard C, Okutman O, Gh\u00e9dir H, Ibala-Romdhane S, Ray PF, et al. A new mutation identified in SPATA16 in two globozoospermic patients. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2016;33:815\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10815-016-0715-3.","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"2159_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2914","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.150227","volume":"144","author":"A Hachem","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hachem A, Godwin J, Ruas M, Lee HC, Ferrer Buitrago M, Ardestani G, et al. PLC\u03b6 is the physiological trigger of the Ca(2+) oscillations that induce embryogenesis in mammals but conception can occur in its absence. Development. 2017;144:2914\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.150227.","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2159_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.22074\/cellj.2016.4572","volume":"18","author":"M Kamali-DolatAbadi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kamali-DolatAbadi M, Tavalaee M, Shahverdi A, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Evaluation of PLC\u03b6 and PAWP expression in globozoospermic individuals. Cell J. 2016;18:438\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22074\/cellj.2016.4572.","journal-title":"Cell J"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-026-02159-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43032-026-02159-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43032-026-02159-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T16:31:58Z","timestamp":1787157118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43032-026-02159-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["2159"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43032-026-02159-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This experiment was ratified by the Ethics Committee of Royan Institute (IR.ACECR.ROYAN.REC.1402.002.)","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for Pubilication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}