{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:49:18Z","timestamp":1793245758631,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593043200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003359","name":"Scoliosis Research Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013619","name":"American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Setting Scoliosis Straight Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spine Deform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-020-00155-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T14:03:42Z","timestamp":1593093822000},"page":"1231-1238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The patient generated index and decision regret in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0819-663X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baron","family":"Lonner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Sponseller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amer","family":"Samdani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Ames","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lily","family":"Eaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majd","family":"Marrache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suken A.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"155_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e61-1-8","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00867","volume":"96","author":"JD Auerbach","year":"2014","unstructured":"Auerbach JD, Lonner BS, Crerand CE et al (2014) Body image in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis validation of the body image disturbance questionnaire-scoliosis version. J Bone Joint Surg 96(8):e61-1-8","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"issue":"21","key":"155_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1155","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001140","volume":"40","author":"H Bao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bao H, Yan P, Lonner B et al (2015) Validation of the simplified Chinese version of the body image disturbance questionnaire-scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 40(21):E1155\u2013E1160","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"155_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-012-0457-4","volume":"7","author":"MR Konieczny","year":"2013","unstructured":"Konieczny MR, Senyurt H, Krauspe R (2013) Epidemiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J Children\u2019s Orthopaedics 7(1):3\u20139","journal-title":"J Children\u2019s Orthopaedics"},{"issue":"12","key":"155_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182893c01","volume":"38","author":"BL Lonner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lonner BL, Yoo A, Terran JS, Sponseller P, Samdani A, Betz R, Shuffelbarger H, Shah SA, Newton P (2013) Effect of spinal deformity on adolescent quality of life. Spine 38(12):1049\u20131055","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"10","key":"155_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E374","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181bb4f96","volume":"35","author":"BS Lonner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lonner BS, Auerbach JD, Sponseller P, Rajadhyaksha AD, Newton PO (2010) Variations in pelvic and other sagittal spinal parameters as a function of race in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine 35(10):E374\u2013E377","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"155_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3182693e33","volume":"28","author":"PRP Rushton","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rushton PRP, Grevitt MP, Sell PJ (2015) Anterior or posterior surgery for right thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS)? A prospective cohorts\u2019 comparison using radiologic and functional outcomes. J Spinal Disord Tech 28(3):80\u201388","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"issue":"8","key":"155_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-8-201304160-00001","volume":"158","author":"SJ Weiner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weiner SJ, Schwartz A, Sharma G, Binns-Calvey A et al (2013) Patient-centered decision making and health care outcomes. Ann Intern Med 158(8):573\u2013580","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"155_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7298.1357","volume":"322","author":"AJ Carr","year":"2001","unstructured":"Carr AJ, Higginson IJ (2001) Are quality of life measures patient centred? BMJ 322:1357\u20131360","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"10","key":"155_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000280","volume":"39","author":"MD Daubs","year":"2014","unstructured":"Daubs MD, Hung M, Neese A et al (2014) Scoliosis research society-22 results in 3052 healthy adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. Spine 39(10):826\u2013832","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"24","key":"155_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2719","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31815a5959","volume":"32","author":"JO Sanders","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sanders JO, Harrast JJ, Kuklo TR et al (2007) Results of reliability, validity, and responsiveness testing in patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Spine 32(24):2719\u20132722","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"155_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01593882","volume":"4","author":"CA McHorney","year":"1995","unstructured":"McHorney CA, Tarlov AR (1995) Individual-patient monitoring in clinical practice: are available health status surveys adequate? Qual Life Res 4:293\u2013307","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"155_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199411000-00004","volume":"32","author":"DA Ruta","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ruta DA, Garratt AM, Leng M, Russell IT, MacDonald LM (1994) A new approach to the measurement of quality of life: the patient-generated index. Med Care 32(11):1109\u20131126","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"155_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1136\/qshc.8.1.22","volume":"8","author":"DA Ruta","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ruta DA, Garratt AM, Russell IT (1999) Patient centered assessment of quality of Life for patients with four common conditions. Qual Health Care 8:22\u201329","journal-title":"Qual Health Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"155_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-005-8118-4","volume":"14","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ahmed S, Mayo NE, Wood-Dauphinee SW, Hanley JA, Cohen SR (2005) Using the patient generated index to evaluate response shift post-stroke. Qual Life Res 14(10):2247\u20132257","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"155_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-002-6360-2","volume":"26","author":"J Camilleri-Brennan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Camilleri-Brennan J, Ruta DA, Steele RJC (2002) Patient generated index: new instrument for measuring quality of life in patients with rectal cancer. World J Surg 26(11):1354\u20131359","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"155_CR16","first-page":"421","volume":"12","author":"CD Llewellyn","year":"2007","unstructured":"Llewellyn CD, McGurk M, Weinman J (2007) The relationship between the patient generated index (PGI) and measures of HR-QOL following diagnosis with head and neck cancer: are illness and treatment perceptions determinants of judgment-based outcomes? Br Psychol Soc 12:421\u2013437","journal-title":"Br Psychol Soc"},{"key":"155_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2017.04.013","volume":"17","author":"JK Scheer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scheer JK, Keefe M, Lafage V et al (2017) Importance of patient-reported individualized goals when assessing outcomes for adult spinal deformity (ASD): initial experience with a patient generated index (PGI). Spine J 17:1397\u20131405","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"155_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X03256005","volume":"23","author":"JC Brehaut","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brehaut JC, O\u2019Connor AM, Wood TJ (2003) Validation of a decision regret scale. Med Decis Making 23(4):281\u2013292","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"issue":"150","key":"155_CR19","first-page":"343","volume":"38","author":"TL Kuther","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kuther TL, Heights R (2003) Medical decision-making and minors: issues of consent and assent. Adolescence 38(150):343\u2013358","journal-title":"Adolescence"},{"issue":"2","key":"155_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.95.2.314","volume":"95","author":"Committee on Bioethics","year":"1995","unstructured":"Committee on Bioethics (1995) Informed consent, parental permission, and assent in pediatric practice. Pediatrics 95(2):314\u2013317","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"155_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2830","volume":"118","author":"JK Lee","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lee JK, Havens PL, Sato TT, Hoffman GM, Leuthner SR (2006) Assent for treatment: clinician knowledge, attitudes, and practice. Pediatrics 118(2):723\u2013730","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"14","key":"155_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318067dc75","volume":"32","author":"S Donaldson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Donaldson S, Stephens D, Howard A et al (2007) Surgical decision making in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine 32(14):1526\u20131532","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"2","key":"155_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-3991(97)00109-2","volume":"34","author":"MD Iversen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Iversen MD, Daltroy LH, Fossel AH et al (1998) The prognostic importance of patient pre-operative expectations of surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis. Patient Educ Couns 34(2):169\u2013178","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"issue":"19","key":"155_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200110010-00015","volume":"26","author":"KD Koch","year":"2001","unstructured":"Koch KD, Buchanan R, Birch JG (2001) Adolescents undergoing surgery for idiopathic scoliosis: how physical and psychological characteristics relate to patient satisfaction with the cosmetic result. Spine 26(19):2119\u20132124","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"24","key":"155_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4416","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29663","volume":"121","author":"MS Weaver","year":"2015","unstructured":"Weaver MS, Baker JN, Gattuso JS, Gibson DV, Sykes AD, Hinds PS (2015) Adoelscents\u2019 preferences for treatment decisional involvement during their cancer. Cancer 121(24):4416\u20134424","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"155_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1177\/107484079600200205","volume":"2","author":"DB Angst","year":"1996","unstructured":"Angst DB, Deatrick JA (1996) Involvement in health care decisions: parents and children with chronic illness. J Fam Nurs 2(2):174\u2013194","journal-title":"J Fam Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"155_CR27","first-page":"253","volume":"10","author":"K Klifto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Klifto K, Klifto C, Slover J (2017) Current concepts of shared decision making in orthopedic surgery. Curr Concepts Shared Decis Mak Orthopedic Surg 10(2):253\u2013257","journal-title":"Curr Concepts Shared Decis Mak Orthopedic Surg"},{"issue":"20","key":"155_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-201210170-00011","volume":"94","author":"J Youm","year":"2012","unstructured":"Youm J, Chenok K, Belkora J, Chan V, Bozic KJ (2012) The emerging case for shared decision making in orthopaedics. J Bone Joint Surg 94(20):1907\u20131912","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"155_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2990","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1984.03350210038026","volume":"252","author":"WM Strull","year":"1984","unstructured":"Strull WM, Lo B, Charles G (1984) Do patients want to participate in medical decision making? JAMA 252:2990\u20132994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"155_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X16636113","volume":"36","author":"M Perez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Perez M, Menear M, Brehaut JC (2016) Extent and predictors of decision regret about health care decisions: a systematic review. Med Decis Making 36(6):777\u2013790","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"155_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200203000-00005","volume":"10","author":"JW Frymoyer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Frymoyer JW, Frymoyer NP (2002) Physician\u2013patient communication: a lost art? J Am Acad Orthop Surg 10:95\u2013105","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"}],"container-title":["Spine Deformity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43390-020-00155-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43390-020-00155-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43390-020-00155-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,30]],"date-time":"2022-10-30T09:59:07Z","timestamp":1667123947000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43390-020-00155-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["155"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-020-00155-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-134X","2212-1358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-134X","type":"print"},{"value":"2212-1358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 March 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Dr. Ames reports personal fees from UCCF, personal fees from Stryker, personal fees from Biomet Zimmer Spine, personal fees from DePuy Synthes, personal fees from Nuvasive, personal fees from Next Orthosurgical, personal fees from K2M, personal fees from Medicrea, personal fees from DePuy Synthes, personal fees from Medtronic, personal fees from Stryker, personal fees from Medicrea, personal fees from K2M, personal fees from Biomet Zimmmer, personal fees from Titan Spine, personal fees from DePuy Synthes, personal fees from ISSG, personal fees from Operative Neurosurgery, personal fees from SRS, personal fees from ISSG, personal fees from Global Spine Analytics, outside the submitted work. Dr. Kelly reports grants from Depuy Synthes Spine, during the conduct of the study; grants from AO Spine, grants from Scoliosis Research Society, outside the submitted work. Dr. Lonner reports grants from SRS, grants from AAOS, grants from Harms Study Group, during the conduct of the study; personal fees, non-financial support and other from Depuy Synthes, other from Ethicon, personal fees and other from Zimmer Biomet, personal fees and non-financial support from Apifix, personal fees from Unyq Align, other from Paradigm Spine, other from Spine Search, other from Setting Scoliosis Straight Foundation, from K2M, outside the submitted work. Dr. Samdani reports grants from Setting Scoliosis Straight Foundation, during the conduct of the study; personal fees from DePuy Synthes Spine, personal fees from Ethicon, personal fees from Globus Medical, personal fees from NuVasive, personal fees from Stryker, personal fees from Zimmer Biomet, outside the submitted work. Dr. Shah reports grants from Setting Scoliosis Straight Foundation, during the conduct of the study; grants and personal fees from DePuy Synthes Spine, grants and personal fees from K2M, outside the submitted work. Dr. Sponseller reports grants and personal fees from DePuy Spine, personal fees from Globus, personal fees from Orthopediatrics, outside the submitted work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board Approval was obtained for this study from the Icahn School of Medicine IRB.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included. In the study. Consent for Publication: the participants signed informed consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}