{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T21:28:46Z","timestamp":1780435726831,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spine Deform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGRs) offer non-invasive distractions in Early-Onset Scoliosis (EOS). However, implant-related complications are common, reducing its cost-effectiveness. To improve MCGRs functionality and cost-effectiveness, we often combine a single MCGR with a contralateral sliding rod (hybrid MCGR). Recently, we developed the spring distraction system (SDS) as an alternative, which provides continuous distraction forces through a helical spring. This study aims to identify complication rates and failure modes of EOS patients treated with either of these innovative systems.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This single-centre retrospective study included EOS patients treated with a (hybrid) MCGR or SDS between 2013 and 2018. Baseline demographics, and data regarding complications and implant growth were measured. Complication rate, complication profile, complication-free survival and implant growth were compared between groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Eleven hybrid- and three bilateral MCGR patients (4.1-year follow-up) and one unilateral, eleven hybrid and six bilateral SDS patients (3.0-year follow-up) were included. Groups had similar age, sex, aetiology\u00a0distribution, and pre-operative Cobb angle. Complication rate was 0.35 complications\/patient\/year for MCGR patients and 0.33 complications\/patient\/year for SDS patients. The most common complications were failure to distract (MCGR-group; 8\/20 complications) and implant prominence (SDS-group; 5\/18 complications). Median complication-free survival was 2.6\u00a0years, with no differences between groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.673). Implant growth was significantly higher in the SDS-group (10.1\u00a0mm\/year), compared to the MCGR-group (6.3\u00a0mm\/year).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>(Hybrid) MCGR and SDS patients have similar complication rates and complication-free survival. Complication profile differs between the groups, with frequent failure to distract leading to significantly reduced implant growth in (hybrid) MCGR patients, whereas SDS patients frequently exhibit implant prominence and implant kyphosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>III.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-021-00378-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T04:53:37Z","timestamp":1624337617000},"page":"1679-1689","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Identifying complications and failure modes of innovative growing rod configurations using the (hybrid) magnetically controlled growing rod (MCGR) and the spring distraction system (SDS)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0917-1108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin V. 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Procedure-associated Module SSI. 2020."}],"container-title":["Spine Deformity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43390-021-00378-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43390-021-00378-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43390-021-00378-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]],"date-time":"2021-10-15T15:36:21Z","timestamp":1634312181000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43390-021-00378-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-021-00378-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-134X","2212-1358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-134X","type":"print"},{"value":"2212-1358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 December 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"J.V.C. Lemans and C.S. Tabeling report no conflicts of interest. R.M. Castelein and M.C. Kruyt report a Stryker Spine Research Grant unrelated to the current research. R.M. Castelein and M.C. Kruyt are the inventors of the spring distraction system (patent owned by UMC Utrecht Holding B.V.).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the institutional review board of the UMC Utrecht under study numbers METC 18\/638 and METC 16\/276.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"At the time of writing, the SDS does not have FDA approval or CE-marking.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Regulatory status"}}]}}