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Postoperative surgical outcomes (e.g., kyphosis and coronal correction) and complications (i.e., hyper\/hypo-lumbar lordosis, proximal junctional kyphosis, revisions, reoperations, and infections) were assessed. Random-effects models (REMs) pooled data for outcomes reported in\u2009\u2265\u20092 studies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Among 75 studies evaluating AIS surgery using pedicle screw fixation systems, 46 described rod materials and\/or diameters. Two studies directly comparing titanium (Ti) and cobalt\u2013chromium (CoCr) rods found that CoCr rods provided significantly better postoperative kyphosis angle correction vs. Ti rods during a shorter follow-up (0\u20133\u00a0months, MD\u2009=\u2009\u2212 2.98\u00b0, 95% CI \u2212 5.79 to \u2212 0.17\u00b0, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04), and longer follow-up (\u2265\u200924\u00a0months, MD\u2009=\u2009\u2212 3.99\u00b0, 95% CI \u2212 6.98 to \u2212 1.00, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009). Surgical infection varied from 2% (95% CI 1.0\u20133.0%) for 5.5\u00a0mm rods to 4% (95% CI 2.0\u20137.0%) for 6\u00a0mm rods. Reoperation rates were lower with 5.5\u00a0mm rods 1% (95% CI 0.0\u20133.0%) vs. 6\u00a0mm rods [6% (95% CI 2.0\u20139.0%); <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04]. Differences in coronal angle, lumbar lordosis, proximal junctional kyphosis, revisions, and infections did not differ significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05) among rods of different materials or diameters.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>For AIS, CoCr rods provided better correction of thoracic kyphosis compared to Ti rods. Patients with 5.5\u00a0mm rods had fewer reoperations vs. 6.0 and 6.35\u00a0mm diameter rods.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>III.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-022-00537-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T15:04:01Z","timestamp":1655996641000},"page":"1245-1263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Systematic review and meta-analysis for the impact of rod materials and sizes in the surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4252-274X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawn","family":"Bowden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Michielli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Merrill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Will","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"537_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-012-0457-4","volume":"7","author":"MR Konieczny","year":"2013","unstructured":"Konieczny MR, Senyurt H, Krauspe R (2013) Epidemiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. 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