{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T09:25:46Z","timestamp":1772616346161,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spine Deform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Brace treatment is the most common nonoperative treatment to prevent curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The goal of this review and analysis is to characterize curve behavior after completion of brace treatment and to identify factors that may facilitate the estimation of long-term curve progression.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A review of the English language literature was completed using the MEDLINE (PUBMED) database of publications after 1990 until September 2020. Studies were included if they detailed a minimum of 1\u00a0year post-brace removal follow-up of AIS patients. Data retrieved from the articles included Cobb angle measurements of the major curves at \u201cin-brace,\u201d weaning, and follow-up visit(s) for all patients described and for subset populations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>From 75 articles, 18 relevant studies describing a follow-up period of 1\u201325\u00a0years following brace removal were included in the analyses. The reviewed literature demonstrates that curves continue to progress after brace treatment is completed with three main phases of progression: (i) immediate (upon brace removal) where a mean curve progression of 7\u00b0 occurs; (ii) short term (within five years of brace removal) where a relatively high progression rate is evident (0.8\u00b0\/year); and (iii) long term (more than five years after brace removal) where the progression rate slows (0.2\u00b0\/year). The magnitude and rate of curve progression is mainly dependent on the degree of curve at weaning as curves weaned at\u2009&lt;\u200925\u00b0 progress substantially less than curves weaned at\u2009\u2265\u200925\u00b0 at 25\u00a0years.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Curves continue to progress after brace removal and the rate and magnitude of progression are associated with the curve size at weaning, with larger curves typically exhibiting more rapid and severe progression. This analysis provides physicians and patients the ability to estimate long-term curve size based on the curve size at the time of weaning.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>IV.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-022-00638-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T12:02:53Z","timestamp":1675080173000},"page":"567-578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The natural history of curve behavior after brace removal in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Scott","family":"Luhmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daphna","family":"Zaaroor-Regev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vidyadhar V.","family":"Upasani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Shufflebarger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"638_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-14-00037","volume":"23","author":"SS Agabegi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Agabegi SS, Kazemi N, Sturm PF et al (2015) Natural history of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in skeletally mature patients. 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