{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T12:27:05Z","timestamp":1753360025866,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spine Deform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Primary care physicians rely on radiology reports to confirm a scoliosis diagnosis and inform the need for spine specialist referral. In turn, spine specialists use these reports for triage decisions and planning of care. The objectives were to determine (1) the adequacy of index images to inform treatment decisions at the initial consultation and (2) the utility of index radiology reports for appropriate triage decisions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A retrospective chart review was conducted including all idiopathic scoliosis patients seen for initial consultation, aged three to 18\u00a0years, between January 1 and April 30, 2021. A score out of five was generated based on the adequacy of index images to provide accurate Cobb angle measurements and determine skeletal maturity. Index images were considered inadequate if repeat imaging was necessary. Index radiology reports, associated imaging, and new imaging, if obtained at the initial consultation, were compared.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Of the 94 patients reviewed, 79% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200974) required repeat imaging at the initial consultation, of which 74% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200955) were due to insufficient quality and\/or limited field of view. Of index images available for review at the initial consult (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200980), 41.2% scored five out of five, and 32.5% scored two or below. Comparing index radiology reports to initial visit evaluation with\u2009\u2264\u200960\u00a0days between imaging (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200949), discrepancies in Cobb angle were found in 24.5% (95% CI 14.6, 38.1) of patients. The Risser stage was reported in 14% of index radiology reports.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Although pre-referral pediatric spine radiographs serve a diagnostic purpose, most are inadequate for comprehensive idiopathic scoliosis evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>III.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-023-00687-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T07:02:14Z","timestamp":1681542134000},"page":"1065-1070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["How useful is pre-referral pediatric spine imaging?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4791-5489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorothy J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Dermott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew W.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Lebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9623","key":"687_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60658-3","volume":"371","author":"SL Weinstein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Weinstein SL, Dolan LA, Cheng et al (2008) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Lancet 371(9623):1527\u20131537. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60658-3","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"687_CR2","first-page":"261","volume":"5","author":"JR Cobb","year":"1948","unstructured":"Cobb JR (1948) Outline for the study of scoliosis. Am Acad Orthop Surg Instr Course Lect 5:261\u2013275","journal-title":"Am Acad Orthop Surg Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"687_CR3","volume-title":"Radiographic measurement manual. Spinal deformity study group (SDSG)","author":"MF O\u2019Brien","year":"2004","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien MF, Kuklo TR, Blanke KM et al (2004) Radiographic measurement manual. Spinal deformity study group (SDSG). Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Memphis"},{"issue":"18","key":"687_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000178819.90239.d0","volume":"30","author":"BS Richards","year":"2005","unstructured":"Richards BS, Bernstein RM, D\u2019Amato CR et al (2005) Standardization of criteria for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis brace studies: SRS committee on bracing and nonoperative management. Spine 30(18):2068\u20132075. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.brs.0000178819.90239.d0","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"16","key":"687_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1307337","volume":"369","author":"SL Weinstein","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weinstein SL, Dolan LA, Wright JG et al (2013) Effects of bracing in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. N Engl J Med 369(16):1512\u20131521. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1307337","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"687_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.19342","volume":"319","author":"DC Grossman","year":"2018","unstructured":"US Preventive Services Task Force, Grossman DC, Curry SJ et al (2018) Screening for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: US preventive services task force recommendation statement. JAMA 319(2):165\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2017.19342","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"687_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.2019-0007","volume":"42","author":"WA Phillips","year":"2021","unstructured":"Phillips WA (2021) Scoliosis management for primary care practitioners. 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Scoliosis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1748-7161-9-4","journal-title":"Scoliosis"},{"key":"687_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-020-00182-6","volume":"9","author":"A Anthony","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anthony A, Zeller R, Evans C, Dermott JA (2020) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis detection and referral trends: impact treatment options. Spine Deform 9:75\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-020-00182-6","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"key":"687_CR11","volume-title":"Biostatistics: a foundation for analysis in the health sciences","author":"WW Daniel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Daniel WW, Cross CL (2019) Biostatistics: a foundation for analysis in the health sciences, 11th edn. 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