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Dr. Cammisa reports royalties from NuVasive, Inc. Accelus; ownership interest for 4WEB Medical\/4WEB, Inc.; Healthpoint Capital Partners, LP; ISPH II, LLC; ISPH 3 Holdings, LLC; Ivy Healthcare Capital Partners, LLC; Medical Device Partners II, LLC; Medical Device Partners III, LLC; Orthobond Corporation; Spine Biopharma, LLC; Tissue Differentiation Intelligence, LLC; VBVP VI, LLC; VBVP X, LLC; Woven Orthopedics Technologies; consulting fees from 4WEB Medical\/4WEB, Inc., DePuy Synthes, NuVasive, Inc., Spine Biopharma, LLC, and Synexis, LLC, Accelus; membership of scientific advisory board\/other office of Healthpoint Capital Partners, Medical Device Partners II, LLC, Orthobond Corporation, Spine Biopharma, LLC, and Woven Orthopedic Technologies; and research support from 4WEB Medical\/4WEB, Inc., Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals, Camber Spine, and Centinel Spine, outside the submitted work. Dr. Girardi reports royalties from Lanx, Inc., and Ortho Development Corp.; private investments for BCIMD; and stock ownership of Healthpoint Capital Partners, LP, outside the submitted work. Dr. Hughes reports research support from Kuros Biosciences AG and fellowship support from NuVasive, Inc. and Kuros Biosciences BV, outside the submitted work. The manuscript submitted does not contain information about medical device(s)\/drug(s).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The investigation was approved by the institutional review board. IRB#2019-2137.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate and publish"}}]}}