{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]],"date-time":"2025-07-05T04:12:03Z","timestamp":1751688723422,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spine Deform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Nonselective fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis results in greater correction of the Lumbosacral Takeoff Angle (LSTOA); however, there are patients selectively fused that still have considerable change in their LSTOA. We sought to identify the relationship between preoperative LSTOA flexibility and postoperative correction of the LSTOA.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This was a retrospective analysis of Lenke 1\u20136, lumbar B and C modifier patients in the Harms Study Group with 2-year follow-up. Only patients with a lumbar Cobb angle\u2009\u2265\u200938 and\u2009\u2264\u200956 were included. The cases were divided into selective (SF: 177) and nonselective fusions (NSF: 324). Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify independent preoperative factors associated with postoperative LSTOA, and postoperative LSTOA correction in the NSF and SF groups.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The mean postoperative LSTOA correction was 6.1\u2009\u00b1\u20093.8, with 75 (15%) patients experiencing postoperative worsening of their LSTOA. Among other variables, larger LSTOA (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and smaller bending LSTOA correction (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were predictors of larger postoperative LSTOAs in both groups. Among other variables, larger LSTOA (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and larger bending LSTOA correction (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) were predictors of greater LSOTA correction in both groups. Satisfactory LSTOA correction in the selective fusion group was associated with larger preoperative LSTOA (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), larger bending LSTOA correction (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), larger lumbar Cobb angle bending correction (p: 0.034), and smaller lumbar apex to LIV distance (p: 0.003).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Preoperative static and bending LSTOA measurements may help surgeons decide between selective and non-selective fusion in patients with AIS.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:bold>Level of evidence:<\/jats:bold> 3<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-025-01063-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T15:54:34Z","timestamp":1750780474000},"page":"1169-1177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of preoperative lumbosacral takeoff flexibility on postoperative correction following spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a new consideration for selective thoracic fusion"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Richard E.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theodore","family":"Rudic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Hafey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Driskill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter O.","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5803-2182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith R.","family":"Bachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Harms Research Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A Noelle","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Buckland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"Alanay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amer","family":"Samdani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baron","family":"Lonner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Roye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burt","family":"Yaszay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caglar","family":"Yilgor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Hoernschmeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Hedequist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Sucato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Clements","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Firoz","family":"Miyanji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Shufflebarger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Marc Mac","family":"Thiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josh","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Pahys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Neal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurel","family":"Blakemore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lawrence","family":"Haber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lawrence","family":"Lenke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Abel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Erickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Glotzbecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Munish","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Fletcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Cahill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Sponseller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Gabos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Sturm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randal","family":"Betz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert H","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Parent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suken","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumeet","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Errico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vidyadhar","family":"Upasani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1063_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000197652.52890.71","volume":"31","author":"AJ Danielsson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Danielsson AJ, Romberg K, Nachemson AL (2006) Spinal range of motion, muscle endurance, and back pain and function at least 20 years after fusion or brace treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a case-control study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 31:275\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.brs.0000197652.52890.71","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1063_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003289","volume":"95","author":"H Fan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fan H, Wang Q, Huang Z, Sui W, Yang J, Deng Y, Yang J (2016) Comparison of functional outcome and quality of life in patients with idiopathic scoliosis treated by spinal fusion. Medicine 95:e3289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000003289","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"1063_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200206150-00018","volume":"27","author":"JR Engsberg","year":"2002","unstructured":"Engsberg JR, Lenke LG, Reitenbach AK, Hollander KW, Bridwell KH, Blanke K (2002) Prospective evaluation of trunk range of motion in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis undergoing spinal fusion surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 27:1346\u20131354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-200206150-00018","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1063_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3182318622","volume":"25","author":"J Sanchez-Raya","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sanchez-Raya J, Bago J, Pellise F, Cuxart A, Villanueva C (2012) Does the lower instrumented vertebra have an effect on lumbar mobility, subjective perception of trunk flexibility, and quality of life in patients with idiopathic scoliosis treated by spinal fusion? J Spinal Disord Tech 25:437\u2013442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3182318622","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"1063_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2014.04.006","volume":"2","author":"UI Udoekwere","year":"2014","unstructured":"Udoekwere UI, Krzak JJ, Graf A, Hassani S, Tarima S, Riordan M, Sturm PF, Hammerberg KW, Gupta P, Anissipour AK, Harris GF (2014) Effect of lowest instrumented vertebra on trunk mobility in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing a posterior spinal fusion. Spine Deformity 2:291\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jspd.2014.04.006","journal-title":"Spine Deformity"},{"key":"1063_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000197168.11815.ec","volume":"31","author":"B Wilk","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wilk B, Karol LA, Johnston CE, Colby S, Haideri N (2006) The effect of scoliosis fusion on spinal motion: a comparison of fused and nonfused patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 31:309\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.brs.0000197168.11815.ec","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1063_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002332","volume":"43","author":"BS Lonner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lonner BS, Ren Y, Yaszay B, Cahill PJ, Shah SA, Betz RR, Samdani AF, Shufflebarger HL, Newton PO (2018) Evolution of surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis over 20 years: have outcomes improved? Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 43:402\u2013410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002332","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1063_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E326","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000794","volume":"32","author":"M Uehara","year":"2019","unstructured":"Uehara M, Takahashi J, Ikegami S, Kuraishi S, Futatsugi T, Oba H, Takizawa T, Munakata R, Koseki M, Kato H (2019) Correlation of lower instrumented vertebra with spinal mobility and health-related quality of life after posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Clin Spine Surg 32:E326\u2013E329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000794","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"key":"1063_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2015.03.007","volume":"3","author":"MC Marks","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marks MC, Bastrom TP, Petcharaporn M, Shah SA, Betz RR, Samdani A, Lonner B, Miyanji F, Newton PO (2015) The effect of time and fusion length on motion of the unfused lumbar segments in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine Deform 3:549\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jspd.2015.03.007","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"key":"1063_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003373","volume":"45","author":"M Ohashi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ohashi M, Bastrom TP, Marks MC, Bartley CE, Newton PO (2020) The benefits of sparing lumbar motion segments in spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis are evident at 10 years postoperatively. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 45:755\u2013763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003373","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1063_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200108000-00006","volume":"83","author":"LG Lenke","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lenke LG, Betz RR, Harms J, Bridwell KH, Clements DH, Lowe TG, Blanke K (2001) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a new classification to determine extent of spinal arthrodesis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 83:1169\u20131181","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"1063_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318207e9c4","volume":"36","author":"DH Clements","year":"2011","unstructured":"Clements DH, Marks M, Newton PO, Betz RR, Lenke L, Shufflebarger H (2011) Did the Lenke classification change scoliosis treatment?: Spine 36:1142\u20131145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318207e9c4","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"1063_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181f60b5b","volume":"36","author":"MF Abel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abel MF, Herndon SK, Sauer LD, Novicoff WM, Smith JS, Shaffrey CI (2011) Selective versus nonselective fusion for idiopathic scoliosis: does lumbosacral takeoff angle change? Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 36:1103\u20131112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181f60b5b","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1063_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000109992.22248.77","volume":"29","author":"CC Edwards 2nd","year":"2004","unstructured":"Edwards CC 2nd, Lenke LG, Peelle M, Sides B, Rinella A, Bridwell KH (2004) Selective thoracic fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with C modifier lumbar curves: 2- to 16-year radiographic and clinical results. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 29:536\u2013546. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.brs.0000109992.22248.77","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1063_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S217","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000092461.11181.CD","volume":"28","author":"PO Newton","year":"2003","unstructured":"Newton PO, Faro FD, Lenke LG, Betz RR, Clements DH, Lowe TG, Haher TR, Merola AA, D\u2019Andrea LP, Marks M, Wenger DR (2003) Factors involved in the decision to perform a selective versus nonselective fusion of Lenke 1B and 1C (King-Moe II) curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 28:S217-223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.BRS.0000092461.11181.CD","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1063_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.19.00287","volume":"102","author":"KR Bachmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bachmann KR, Lu E, Novicoff WM, Newton PO, Abel MF (2020) The lumbosacral takeoff angle can be used to predict the postoperative lumbar cobb angle following selective thoracic fusion in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 102:143\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.19.00287","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"}],"container-title":["Spine Deformity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43390-025-01063-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43390-025-01063-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43390-025-01063-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T18:04:38Z","timestamp":1751652278000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43390-025-01063-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["1063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-025-01063-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-134X","2212-1358"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2212-134X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2212-1358"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2025","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"In the original article ORCID of author Keith R. Bachmann was assigned to author Richard E. Campbell by mistake.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}