{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T19:47:49Z","timestamp":1782935269609,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spine Deform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case series aims to highlight Horner\u2019s syndrome, a clinical diagnosis of unilateral ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis, as a rare complication of posterior spinal surgery in pediatric patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this series, we present three pediatric patients who developed Horner\u2019s syndrome after surgical correction of scoliosis involving the cervicothoracic region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case 1 is a 12-year-old female with DiGeorge syndrome who underwent revision surgery with extension into the cervical spine after developing proximal junctional kyphosis 2\u00a0years after her index spinal fusion procedure. Case 2 is a 9-year-old girl who had posterior spinal fusion for progressive thoracic congenital scoliosis. Case 3 is a 4-year-old female with Klippel\u2013Feil syndrome who underwent correction of a cervicothoracic curve and hemivertebrae excision. Postoperatively, all three patients were noted to have either unilateral miosis or ptosis, with an eventual diagnosis of acquired Horner\u2019s syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case series demonstrates that Horner\u2019s syndrome is a rare complication after a posterior spinal fusion in the pediatric population. Each case highlights that the oculosympathetic pathway can be susceptible to injury during deformity correction, specifically near the cervicothoracic region, whether from traction injury or overt nerve root transection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-026-01305-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T12:12:46Z","timestamp":1771503166000},"page":"1461-1472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pediatric Horner\u2019s syndrome following posterior spinal fusion: a case\u00a0series"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2540-3427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judy-Mae","family":"Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3660-4901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy L.","family":"McIntosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3352-5551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Sucato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5968-9469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan E.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"1305_CR1","unstructured":"Martin TJ, Corbett JJ (2013) The pupil. in practical neuroophthalmology, pp 261\u2212286, McGraw-Hill Education\/Medical"},{"issue":"1","key":"1305_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children10010156","volume":"10","author":"P Grabala","year":"2023","unstructured":"Grabala P, Danowska-Idziok K, Helenius IJ (2023) A rare complication of thoracic spine surgery: pediatric Horner\u2019s syndrome after posterior vertebral column resection-a case report. 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Dr. Amy L. McIntosh has no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose related to this work, however, she is a part of the Pediatric Advisory Council for Globus\/NuVasive and a consultant for Medtronic. Dr. Daniel Sucato has no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose related to this work, however, he receives royalties from Globus Medical. Dr. Megan Johnson has no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose related to this work, however, she is a consultant\/advisor for Depuy\/Globus\/NuVasive.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}},{"value":"This research involved a retrospective review of existing clinical data and imaging, informed consent was not required in accordance with institutional policy and applicable federal regulations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"IRB approval was obtained prior to the initiation of the study (IRB #20250795).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Clinical photographs included in the study were collected under a valid Media Authorization Form previously signed by the participants, permitting their use for research and educational purposes.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Use of clinical photographs"}}]}}