{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T18:39:36Z","timestamp":1792694376546,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spine Deform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-026-01404-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T12:16:55Z","timestamp":1778156215000},"page":"2203-2212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sex-related differences in pain following posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7543-5414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devika A.","family":"Shenoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Halliday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katelyn E.","family":"Parsons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia L.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Sachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mason","family":"Dermott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert K.","family":"Lark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony A.","family":"Catanzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1404_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15030","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.30","volume":"1","author":"JC Cheng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cheng JC, Castelein RM, Chu WC et al (2015) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers 1:15030","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"1404_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.11669","volume":"319","author":"J Dunn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dunn J, Henrikson NB, Morrison CC et al (2018) Screening for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: evidence report and systematic review for the US preventive services task force. JAMA 319:173\u2013187","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1404_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115563","volume":"140","author":"G P\u00e9rez-Machado","year":"2020","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Machado G, Berenguer-Pascual E, Bovea-Marco M et al (2020) From genetics to epigenetics to unravel the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Bone 140:115563","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"1404_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.104B8.BJJ-2021-1638.R1","volume":"104-b","author":"S Marya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marya S, Tambe AD, Millner PA et al (2022) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis\u202f: a review of aetiological theories of a multifactorial disease. Bone Joint J 104-b:915\u2013921","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"1404_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1209063","volume":"368","author":"MT Hresko","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hresko MT (2013) Idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents. N Engl J Med 368:834\u2013841","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1404_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000002524","volume":"104","author":"H Dong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dong H, You M, Li Y et al (2024) Physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercise for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 104:14\u201325","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"1404_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.100B4.BJJ-2017-0846.R2","volume":"100-b","author":"AD Tambe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tambe AD, Panikkar SJ, Millner PA et al (2018) Current concepts in the surgical management of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Bone Joint J 100-b:415\u2013424","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"1404_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60658-3","volume":"371","author":"SL Weinstein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Weinstein SL, Dolan LA, Cheng JC et al (2008) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Lancet 371:1527\u20131537","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1404_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.18.01013","volume":"101","author":"C Louer Jr","year":"2019","unstructured":"Louer C Jr, Yaszay B, Cross M et al (2019) Ten-year outcomes of selective fusions for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 101:761\u2013770","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"1404_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.18.01370","volume":"101","author":"L Helenius","year":"2019","unstructured":"Helenius L, Diarbakerli E, Grauers A et al (2019) Back pain and quality of life after surgical treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis at 5-year follow-up: comparison with healthy controls and patients with untreated idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 101:1460\u20131466","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"1404_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.16.01331","volume":"99","author":"CE Bartley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bartley CE, Yaszay B, Bastrom TP et al (2017) Perioperative and delayed major complications following surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 99:1206\u20131212","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"1404_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-022-00512-w","volume":"10","author":"ND Fletcher","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fletcher ND, Bastrom TP, Larson NA et al (2022) Ten-year follow-up of Lenke 5 curves treated with spinal fusion. Spine Deform 10:1107\u20131115","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"key":"1404_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2012.04.003","volume":"15","author":"LJ Kozlowski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kozlowski LJ, Kost-Byerly S, Colantuoni E et al (2014) Pain prevalence, intensity, assessment and management in a hospitalized pediatric population. Pain Manag Nurs 15:22\u201335","journal-title":"Pain Manag Nurs"},{"key":"1404_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004747","volume":"48","author":"RW Collis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Collis RW, Dry T, Ray HE et al (2023) Evidence for a Multimodal Pain Management Regimen in Reduction of Postoperative Opioid Use in Pediatric Patients Receiving Posterior Spinal Fusion for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 48:1486\u20131491","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1404_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.104B2.BJJ-2021-1179.R1","volume":"104-b","author":"RH Mens","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mens RH, Bisseling P, de Kleuver M et al (2022) Relevant impact of surgery on quality of life for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis\u202f: a registry-based two-year follow-up cohort study. Bone Joint J 104-b:265\u2013273","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"1404_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000007351","volume":"141","author":"LM Einhorn","year":"2025","unstructured":"Einhorn LM, Monitto CL, Ganesh A et al (2025) Multi-institutional study of multimodal analgesia practice, pain trajectories, and recovery trends after spine fusion for idiopathic scoliosis. Anesth Analg 141:1137\u20131148","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"1404_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-020-00423-1","volume":"22","author":"CS Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee CS, Merchant S, Chidambaran V (2020) Postoperative pain management in pediatric spinal fusion surgery for idiopathic scoliosis. Paediatr Drugs 22:575\u2013601","journal-title":"Paediatr Drugs"},{"key":"1404_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurpra.2025.105528","volume":"21","author":"AQ Abdul Rahman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Abdul Rahman AQ, Abdul Rahman HQ, Norman S et al (2025) Multimodal analgesia and opioid use after adolescent spinal fusion. J Nurse Pract 21:105528","journal-title":"J Nurse Pract"},{"key":"1404_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000922","volume":"33","author":"J Raeder","year":"2020","unstructured":"Raeder J (2020) Procedure-specific and patient-specific pain management for ambulatory surgery with emphasis on the opioid crisis. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 33:753\u2013759","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"1404_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2021051539","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-051539","volume":"148","author":"KP Chua","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chua KP, Brummett CM, Conti RM et al (2021) Opioid prescribing to US children and young adults in 2019. Pediatrics 148:e2021051539","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"1404_CR21","first-page":"72","volume":"24","author":"KL Matson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Matson KL, Johnson PN, Tran V et al (2019) opioid use in children. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 24:72\u201375","journal-title":"J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"1404_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005183","volume":"50","author":"O Ciobanu-Caraus","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ciobanu-Caraus O, Grob A, Rohr J et al (2025) Sex differences in patient-rated outcomes after lumbar spinal fusion for degenerative disease: a multicenter cohort study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 50:924\u2013931","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1404_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000226","volume":"28","author":"MP Pereira","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pereira MP, Pogatzki-Zahn E (2015) Gender aspects in postoperative pain. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 28:546\u2013558","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"1404_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000480","volume":"157","author":"OP Gautschi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gautschi OP, Corniola MV, Smoll NR et al (2016) Sex differences in subjective and objective measures of pain, functional impairment, and health-related quality of life in patients with lumbar degenerative disc disease. Pain 157:1065\u20131071","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E53","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181ef9efc","volume":"36","author":"DW Roberts","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roberts DW, Savage JW, Schwartz DG et al (2011) Male-female differences in scoliosis research society-30 scores in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 36:E53\u2013E59","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1404_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e168","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000002529","volume":"44","author":"KJ Orellana","year":"2024","unstructured":"Orellana KJ, Lee J, Yang D et al (2024) Impact of social determinants of health on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis curve severity. J Pediatr Orthop 44:e168\u2013e173","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"1404_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e447","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003631","volume":"166","author":"R Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li R, Rogers AH, Sujan AC et al (2025) Psychosocial mechanisms underlying the transition from acute to chronic postsurgical pain in youth following spinal fusion: a 6-month longitudinal study. Pain 166:e447\u2013e459","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2017.10.013","volume":"38","author":"M Perry","year":"2018","unstructured":"Perry M, Starkweather A, Baumbauer K et al (2018) Factors leading to persistent postsurgical pain in adolescents undergoing spinal fusion: an integrative literature review. J Pediatr Nurs 38:74\u201380","journal-title":"J Pediatr Nurs"},{"key":"1404_CR29","unstructured":"Area deprivation index v2.0. Available at: https:\/\/www.neighborhoodatlas.medicine.wisc.edu\/. Accessed December 31, 2024."},{"key":"1404_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2456","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1802313","volume":"378","author":"AJH Kind","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kind AJH, Buckingham WR (2018) Making neighborhood-disadvantage metrics accessible \u2014 the neighborhood atlas. N Engl J Med 378:2456\u20132458","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1404_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.30784","volume":"6","author":"J Ramachandran","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ramachandran J, Mayne SL, Kelly MK et al (2023) Measures of neighborhood opportunity and adherence to recommended pediatric primary care. JAMA Netw Open 6:e2330784-e","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"1404_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2020.00735","volume":"39","author":"D Acevedo-Garcia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Acevedo-Garcia D, Noelke C, McArdle N et al (2020) Racial and ethnic inequities in children\u2019s neighborhoods: evidence from the new child opportunity index 2.0. Health Aff (Millwood) 39:1693\u20131701","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"1404_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003529","volume":"166","author":"MCB Adams","year":"2025","unstructured":"Adams MCB, Sward KA, Perkins ML et al (2025) Standardizing research methods for opioid dose comparison: the NIH HEAL morphine milligram equivalent calculator. Pain 166:1729\u20131737","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2022.03.009","volume":"47","author":"DJ Randall","year":"2022","unstructured":"Randall DJ, Zhang Y, Li H et al (2022) Establishing the minimal clinically important difference and substantial clinical benefit for the pain visual analog scale in a postoperative hand surgery population. J Hand Surg Am 47:645\u2013653","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"1404_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2019.158489","volume":"38","author":"M Bahreini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bahreini M, Safaie A, Mirfazaelian H et al (2020) How much change in pain score does really matter to patients? Am J Emerg Med 38:1641\u20131646","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"1404_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e39015","volume":"10","author":"H Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang H, Luo M, Yang Y et al (2024) Gender differences in postoperative pain, sleep quality, and recovery outcomes in patients undergoing visual thoracoscopic surgery. Heliyon 10:e39015","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"1404_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001555","volume":"160","author":"AM Cowie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cowie AM, Menzel AD, O\u2019Hara C et al (2019) NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome drives postoperative mechanical pain in a sex-dependent manner. Pain 160:1794\u20131816","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0000000000001259","volume":"34","author":"K Kora\u015f S\u00f6zen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kora\u015f S\u00f6zen K, Bolat H, G\u00fcnt\u00fcrk \u0130 (2024) The effects of sex hormones on postoperative pain in patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 34:14\u201319","journal-title":"Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech"},{"key":"1404_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001561","volume":"160","author":"EM Pogatzki-Zahn","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pogatzki-Zahn EM, Drescher C, Englbrecht JS et al (2019) Progesterone relates to enhanced incisional acute pain and pinprick hyperalgesia in the luteal phase of female volunteers. Pain 160:1781\u20131793","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24031866","author":"O Athnaiel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Athnaiel O, Cantillo S, Paredes S et al (2023) The role of sex hormones in pain-related conditions. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24031866","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1404_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2542467-e","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.42467","volume":"8","author":"J Fredericks-Younger","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fredericks-Younger J, Andrews T, Lu S-E et al (2025) Analgesic differences in males and females after third molar surgery: a subgroup analysis of the oars randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open 8:e2542467-e","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"1404_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000260","volume":"32","author":"PA Boakye","year":"2016","unstructured":"Boakye PA, Olechowski C, Rashiq S et al (2016) A critical review of neurobiological factors involved in the interactions between chronic pain, depression, and sleep disruption. Clin J Pain 32:327\u2013336","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20816","volume":"67","author":"MA Lumley","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lumley MA, Cohen JL, Borszcz GS et al (2011) Pain and emotion: a biopsychosocial review of recent research. J Clin Psychol 67:942\u2013968","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"1404_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5722","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13195722","volume":"13","author":"AR Franqueiro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Franqueiro AR, Wilson JM, He J et al (2024) Prospective study of preoperative negative affect and postoperative pain in patients undergoing thoracic surgery: the moderating role of sex. J Clin Med 13:5722","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"1404_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnaa363","volume":"22","author":"NA Moloney","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moloney NA, Pocovi NC, Dylke ES et al (2021) Psychological factors are associated with pain at all time frames after breast cancer surgery: a systematic review with meta-analyses. Pain Med 22:915\u2013947","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"1404_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S126467","volume":"10","author":"PR Pinto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pinto PR, McIntyre T, Ara\u00fajo-Soares V et al (2017) A comparison of predictors and intensity of acute postsurgical pain in patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty. J Pain Res 10:1087\u20131098","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"1404_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200501000-00010","volume":"21","author":"DJ Pavlin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pavlin DJ, Sullivan MJL, Freund PR et al (2005) Catastrophizing: a risk factor for postsurgical pain. Clin J Pain 21:83\u201390","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/394960","volume":"12","author":"ML Roth","year":"2007","unstructured":"Roth ML, Tripp DA, Harrison MH et al (2007) Demographic and psychosocial predictors of acute perioperative pain for total knee arthroplasty. Pain Res Manag 12:185\u2013194","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"key":"1404_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000442","volume":"33","author":"J Scheel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scheel J, Sittl R, Griessinger N et al (2017) Psychological predictors of acute postoperative pain after hysterectomy for benign causes. Clin J Pain 33:595\u2013603","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000007337","volume":"146","author":"RM Wouters","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wouters RM, Porsius JT, van der Oest MJW et al (2020) Psychological characteristics, female sex, and opioid use predict acute postoperative pain in patients surgically treated for thumb base osteoarthritis: a cohort study. Plast Reconstr Surg 146:1307\u20131316","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1404_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2023.08.019","volume":"29","author":"Y Watanabe","year":"2024","unstructured":"Watanabe Y, Nikaido T, Yabuki S et al (2024) Gender differences on preoperative psychologic factors affecting acute postoperative pain in patients with lumbar spinal disorders. J Orthop Sci 29:1174\u20131178","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"key":"1404_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2679","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-024-08814-7","volume":"39","author":"N Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang N, Fang MC, Rambachan A (2024) Sex disparities in opioid prescription and administration on a hospital medicine service. J Gen Intern Med 39:2679\u20132688","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"1404_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000430","volume":"53","author":"A Siddiqui","year":"2015","unstructured":"Siddiqui A, Belland L, Rivera-Reyes L et al (2015) A multicenter evaluation of the impact of sex on abdominal and fracture pain care. Med Care 53:948\u2013953","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"1404_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12114","volume":"14","author":"K Theodoraki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Theodoraki K, Staikou C, Fassoulaki A (2014) Postoperative pain after major abdominal surgery: is it gender related? An observational prospective study. Pain Pract 14:613\u2013619","journal-title":"Pain Pract"},{"key":"1404_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178659","volume":"12","author":"H Zheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zheng H, Schnabel A, Yahiaoui-Doktor M et al (2017) Age and preoperative pain are major confounders for sex differences in postoperative pain outcome: a prospective database analysis. PLoS ONE 12:e0178659","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1404_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4070","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-020-05744-3","volume":"44","author":"M Salazar-Parra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salazar-Parra M, Guzman-Ramirez BG, Pintor-Belmontes KJ et al (2020) Gender differences in postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. World J Surg 44:4070\u20134076","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"1404_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000080153.36643.83","volume":"97","author":"MS Cepeda","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cepeda MS, Carr DB (2003) Women experience more pain and require more morphine than men to achieve a similar degree of analgesia. Anesth Analg 97:1464\u20131468","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"1404_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e31815d3619","volume":"24","author":"PE Bijur","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bijur PE, Esses D, Birnbaum A et al (2008) Response to morphine in male and female patients: analgesia and adverse events. Clin J Pain 24:192\u2013198","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.10.022","volume":"153","author":"A Schnabel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schnabel A, Poepping DM, Gerss J et al (2012) Sex-related differences of patient-controlled epidural analgesia for postoperative pain. Pain 153:238\u2013244","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000536","volume":"157","author":"G Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4fer G, Prkachin KM, Kaseweter KA et al (2016) Health care providers\u2019 judgments in chronic pain: the influence of gender and trustworthiness. Pain 157:1618\u20131625","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.03.001","volume":"22","author":"L Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang L, Losin EAR, Ashar YK et al (2021) Gender biases in estimation of others\u2019 pain. J Pain 22:1048\u20131059","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"1404_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6358624","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6358624","volume":"2018","author":"A Samulowitz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Samulowitz A, Gremyr I, Eriksson E et al (2018) \u201cBrave men\u201d and \u201cemotional women\u201d: a theory-guided literature review on gender bias in health care and gendered norms towards patients with chronic pain. Pain Res Manag 2018:6358624","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"key":"1404_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261375","volume":"16","author":"DA Glei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Glei DA, Weinstein M (2021) Disadvantaged Americans are suffering the brunt of rising pain and physical limitations. PLoS ONE 16:e0261375","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1404_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa758","volume":"60","author":"J Prego-Dom\u00ednguez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Prego-Dom\u00ednguez J, Khazaeipour Z, Mallah N et al (2021) Socioeconomic status and occurrence of chronic pain: a meta-analysis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 60:1091\u20131105","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"1404_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2015.1009377","volume":"21","author":"JR Wakefield","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wakefield JR, Sani F, Madhok V et al (2016) The pain of low status: the relationship between subjective socio-economic status and analgesic prescriptions in a Scottish community sample. Psychol Health Med 21:27\u201337","journal-title":"Psychol Health Med"}],"container-title":["Spine Deformity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43390-026-01404-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43390-026-01404-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43390-026-01404-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T18:02:45Z","timestamp":1792692165000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43390-026-01404-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["1404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-026-01404-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-134X","2212-1358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-134X","type":"print"},{"value":"2212-1358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}