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Takeshi Fujii, Iyan Younus, Aiyush Bansal, Kento Yamanouchi, and Kenneth T. Nguyen declare they have no financial interests. Jean-Christophe Leveque is a paid consultant for Axis spine and a paid presenter for Nuvasive and SI-Bone. Rajiv Sethi is a paid consultant for Alphatec Spine, Medtronic, Mighty Oak Medical, Nuvasive, Stryker, and Surgalign; he receives IP royalties from Medicrea and Orthofix, Inc. Philip Louie is a paid consultant for Alphatec Spine, Augmedics, Depuy, A Johnson & Johnson Company, and Viseon; he receives publishing royalties and\/or financial or material support from Elsevier, Springer, and Thieme. Venu Nemani is a paid consultant for Medtronic, Orthofix, Alphatec Spine, Highridge and Mighty Oak Medical and is part of Speakers Bureau of Medtronic, Orthofix, Highridge and Augmedics. Rafael Garcia de Oliveira, Takeshi Fujii, Iyan Younus, Aiyush Bansal, Kenneth T. Nguyen, and Kento Yamanouchi have no non-financial interests. Jean-Christophe Leveque is a board member of the Scoliosis Research Society and Lumbar Spine Research Society. Philip Louie is a committee member of AO Spine. Venu Nemani is involved with Augmedics, Medtronic, Mighty Oak Medical, Seaspine Orthopedics Corporation as a professional activity; he is part of the Education and Research Grants Committee for the Scoliosis Research Society and Cervical Spine Research Society and is on the scientific advisory board for the National Spine Health Foundation. Rajiv Sethi is on the governing board of Journal of Spine Deformity and is a board or committee member of Scoliosis Research Society, Spine Safety Foundation, and Washington State Orthopaedic Association.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the appropriate institutional ethics committee.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all patients.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}]}}