{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T04:56:19Z","timestamp":1790916979191,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spine Deform"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-026-01565-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T14:27:01Z","timestamp":1790864821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Less opioid at no extra cost: charge-code decomposition of an ERAS pathway for adolescent scoliosis surgery"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Gamadia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Stuedemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liz","family":"Edmundson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Benvenuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard M.","family":"Schwend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John T.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3553-2889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Aaron Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1565_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s13013-018-0165-z","volume":"13","author":"H Seki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seki H, Ideno S, Ishihara T, Watanabe K, Matsumoto M, Morisaki H (2018) Postoperative pain management in patients undergoing posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a narrative review. Scoliosis Spinal Disord 13:17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13013-018-0165-z","journal-title":"Scoliosis Spinal Disord"},{"key":"1565_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-025-00762-2","volume":"14","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Wang JJ, Ping ZG, Jin XG, Yang JJ, Wang Y, Chu QJ (2025) The impact of opioid-sparing analgesia on postoperative pain and recovery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pain Ther 14:1473\u20131497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40122-025-00762-2","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"1565_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55275\/JPOSNA-2021-293","volume":"3","author":"A Shah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shah A, Praiss Pey E, Bowen S, Barsi J (2021) Postoperative analgesia after posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. JPOSNA 3(3):293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55275\/JPOSNA-2021-293","journal-title":"JPOSNA"},{"key":"1565_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.07.170","volume":"190","author":"G Hey","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hey G, Mehkri Y, Mehkri I, Boatright S, Duncan A, Patel K, Gendreau J, Chandra V (2024) Enhanced recovery after surgery pathways in pediatric spinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World Neurosurg 190:329\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.07.170","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"1565_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bas.2024.103326","volume":"4","author":"P Creyf","year":"2024","unstructured":"Creyf P, Parisi N, Munting S et al (2024) Enhanced recovery after adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery care pathway. Brain Spine 4:103326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bas.2024.103326","journal-title":"Brain Spine"},{"key":"1565_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.43079","volume":"15","author":"K Spisak","year":"2023","unstructured":"Spisak K, Thomas MD, Sirois ZJ, Jones A, Brown L, Froehle AW, Albert M (2023) Novel enhanced recovery after surgery pathway reduces length of stay and postoperative opioid usage in AIS patients undergoing PSF. Cureus 15:e43079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.43079","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"1565_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-014-0272-0","volume":"62","author":"MDJ Stowers","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stowers MDJ, Lemanu DP, Hill AG (2015) Health economics in enhanced recovery after surgery programs. Can J Anaesth 62:219\u2013230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12630-014-0272-0","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"1565_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000792","volume":"36","author":"M Echeverria-Villalobos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Echeverria-Villalobos M, Stoicea N et al (2020) Enhanced recovery after surgery: a perspective review of postoperative pain management under ERAS pathways. Clin J Pain 36:219\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000792","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"1565_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.36469\/jheor.2021.21967","volume":"8","author":"RT Ballock","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ballock RT, Seif J, Goodwin R et al (2021) Clinical and economic outcomes associated with use of liposomal bupivacaine versus standard of care in pediatric spine surgery. JHEOR 8(1):29\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36469\/jheor.2021.21967","journal-title":"JHEOR"},{"key":"1565_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110493","volume":"75","author":"KE Rao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rao KE, Krodel D, Toaz EE, Fanelli J, Hajduk J, Kato K, Rychlik K, King E, Sarwark J, Grayhack J, Burjek NE (2021) Introduction of an enhanced recovery pathway results in decreased length of stay in patients with AIS undergoing PSF. J Clin Anesth 75:110493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110493","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"1565_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.4103\/joacp.JOACP_375_15","volume":"33","author":"O Malik","year":"2017","unstructured":"Malik O, Kaye AD, Kaye A et al (2017) Emerging roles of liposomal bupivacaine in anesthesia practice. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 33:151\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/joacp.JOACP_375_15","journal-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"1565_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E11","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004702","volume":"49","author":"S Changoor","year":"2024","unstructured":"Changoor S, Giakas A, Sacks K, Asma A, Lang RS, Yorgova P, Rogers K, Gabos PG, Shah SA (2024) The role of liposomal bupivacaine in multimodal pain management following PSF for AIS. Spine 49:E11\u2013E16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004702","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"1565_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.3113\/JSOA.2024.0219","volume":"33","author":"AH Jinnah","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jinnah AH, McCallie R, Marquez-Lara A, Tully N, Hughes MS, Frino J (2024) Liposomal bupivacaine use during AIS surgery decreases postoperative narcotic usage. J Surg Orthop Adv 33(4):219\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3113\/JSOA.2024.0219","journal-title":"J Surg Orthop Adv"},{"key":"1565_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-024-00976-y","volume":"13","author":"NA Pulido","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pulido NA, Milbrandt TA, Shaughnessy WJ, Stans AA, Grigoriou E, Larson AN (2025) Liposomal bupivacaine plus intrathecal hydromorphone associated with shortened LOS and decreased opioid use in pediatric PSF. Spine Deform 13:73\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-024-00976-y","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"key":"1565_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005548","author":"V Sarwahi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sarwahi V, Morledge A, Cohen A et al (2025) Efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine for pain control in pediatric patients with AIS undergoing instrumented PSF. Spine. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005548","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"1565_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E533","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000996","volume":"33","author":"M Chughtai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chughtai M, Sultan AA, Hudson B, Goodwin RC, Seif J, Khlopas A, Bena J, Jin Y, Gurd DP, Kuivila TE, Ballock RT (2020) Liposomal bupivacaine is both safe and effective in controlling postoperative pain after spinal surgery in children. Clin Spine Surg 33:E533\u2013E538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000996","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"key":"1565_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005185","volume":"50","author":"EY Young","year":"2025","unstructured":"Young EY, Gurd D, Kuivila T, Seif J, Bess L, Goodwin R (2025) Erector spinae plane block with liposomal bupivacaine for AIS surgery: no PCA needed. Spine 50:266\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005185","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"1565_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.20.00259","volume":"102","author":"ND Fletcher","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fletcher ND, Ruska T, Austin TM, Guisse NF, Murphy JS, Bruce RW (2020) Postoperative dexamethasone following posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 102:1807\u20131813. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.20.00259","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"1565_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/pne2.12117","volume":"6","author":"A McIntosh","year":"2024","unstructured":"McIntosh A, Lachmann E, Datcu AM et al (2024) Posterior spinal fusion for AIS and the impact of postoperative intravenous dexamethasone supplementation. Paediatr Neonatal Pain 6:19\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pne2.12117","journal-title":"Paediatr Neonatal Pain"},{"issue":"e21","key":"1565_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00192","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOSGlobal-D-21-00192","volume":"6","author":"KA Shaw","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shaw KA, Ange B, George V, Murphy JS, Fletcher ND (2022) Continued increase in cost of care despite decrease in stay after posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 6(e21):00192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/JAAOSGlobal-D-21-00192","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev"},{"key":"1565_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001666","volume":"42","author":"AE Sanders","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sanders AE, Andras LM, Sousa T, Kissinger C, Cucchiaro G, Skaggs DL (2017) Accelerated discharge protocol for PSF patients with AIS decreases hospital post-operative charges 22%. Spine 42:92\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001666","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"1565_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.21037\/jss.2017.03.11","volume":"3","author":"BL Raudenbush","year":"2017","unstructured":"Raudenbush BL, Gurd DP, Goodwin RC, Kuivila TE, Ballock RT (2017) Cost analysis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery: early discharge decreases hospital costs much less than intraoperative variables under the control of the surgeon. J Spine Surg 3:50\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jss.2017.03.11","journal-title":"J Spine Surg"},{"key":"1565_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2013.08.002","volume":"13","author":"RB Penfold","year":"2013","unstructured":"Penfold RB, Zhang F (2013) Use of interrupted time series analysis in evaluating health care quality improvements. Acad Pediatr 13:S38\u2013S44. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acap.2013.08.002","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr"},{"key":"1565_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040297","volume":"4","author":"JP Vandenbroucke","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vandenbroucke JP, von Elm E, Altman DG et al (2007) Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med 4:e297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040297","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"1565_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13561-020-0260-8","volume":"10","author":"S Potter","year":"2020","unstructured":"Potter S, Davies C, Davies G, Rice C, Hollingworth W (2020) The use of micro-costing in economic analyses of surgical interventions: a systematic review. Health Econ Rev 10:3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13561-020-0260-8","journal-title":"Health Econ Rev"},{"key":"1565_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13561-020-00298-5","volume":"11","author":"X Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu X, Lazar CM, Prah Ruger J (2021) Micro-costing in health and medicine: a critical appraisal. Health Econ Rev 11:1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13561-020-00298-5","journal-title":"Health Econ Rev"},{"key":"1565_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.06.149","volume":"130","author":"AT Malik","year":"2019","unstructured":"Malik AT, Yu E, Kim J, Khan SN (2019) Understanding costs in a 90-day episode of care following posterior spinal fusions for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. World Neurosurg 130:e535\u2013e541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.06.149","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["Spine Deformity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43390-026-01565-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43390-026-01565-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43390-026-01565-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T04:52:12Z","timestamp":1790916732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43390-026-01565-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["1565"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-026-01565-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-134X","2212-1358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-134X","type":"print"},{"value":"2212-1358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The senior author is a Consultant for OrthoPediatrics and Committee Member for SRS, POSNA, and AAOS. For the remaining authors, none were declared.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This quasi-experimental sequential implementation study involving human participants was in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. The Institutional Review Board of Children\u2019s Mercy approved this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}