{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:44:52Z","timestamp":1790793892585,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]],"date-time":"2021-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]],"date-time":"2021-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacol. Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-020-00200-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]],"date-time":"2021-01-03T22:03:09Z","timestamp":1609711389000},"page":"525-535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Ketamine treatment protects against oxidative damage and the immunological response induced by electroconvulsive therapy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Cinara Ludvig","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena Mendes","family":"Abelaira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thayse","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Airam Barbosa","family":"de Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deise Cristina","family":"Veron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura Ara\u00fajo","family":"Borba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Eduarda Mendes","family":"Botelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana Pereira","family":"Goldim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leandro","family":"Garbossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Eduarda","family":"Fileti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabricia","family":"Petronilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuleide Maria","family":"Ign\u00e1cio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Quevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gislaine Zilli","family":"R\u00e9us","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"200_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Depression and other common mental disorders: global health estimates. 2017. p. 1\u201321."},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.11.028","volume":"84","author":"C Adaikkan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Adaikkan C, Taha E, Barrera I, David O, Rosenblum K. Calcium\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase pathways mediate the antidepressant action of ketamine. Biol Psychiatry. 2018;84(1):65\u201375.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl 15","key":"200_CR3","first-page":"8","volume":"62","author":"N Sartorius","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sartorius N. The economic and social burden of depression. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62(Suppl 15):8\u201311.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"200_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1159\/000357500","volume":"83","author":"AF Carvalho","year":"2014","unstructured":"Carvalho AF, Berk M, Hyphantis TN, McIntyre RS. The integrative management of treatment-resistant depression: a comprehensive review and perspectives. Psychother Psychosom. 2014;83(2):70\u201388.","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"200_CR5","unstructured":"Depression in adults: recognition and management. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK); 2014."},{"issue":"3","key":"200_CR6","first-page":"100","volume":"11","author":"NK Raval","year":"2003","unstructured":"Raval NK, Andrade C. Unmodified ECT vs modified ECT. Issues Med Ethics. 2003;11(3):100 (author reply 101).","journal-title":"Issues Med Ethics."},{"issue":"2","key":"200_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2012.00997.x","volume":"14","author":"B Dierckx","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dierckx B, Heijnen WT, van den Broek WW, Birkenh\u00e4ger TK. Efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy in bipolar versus unipolar major depression: a meta-analysis. Bipolar Disord. 2012;14(2):146\u201350.","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"200_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/01.yct.0000176972.72777.c4","volume":"21","author":"HA Sackeim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sackeim HA, Prudic J. Length of the ECT course in bipolar and unipolar depression. J ECT. 2005;21(3):195\u20137.","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"4","key":"200_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1080\/13651501.2016.1209220","volume":"20","author":"T Uchida","year":"2016","unstructured":"Uchida T, Kishimoto T, Koreki A, Nakao S, Owada A, Koizumi T, et al. Predictors of readmission after successful electroconvulsive therapy for depression: a chart review study. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2016;20(4):260\u20134.","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract"},{"issue":"9","key":"200_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1023\/B:NERE.0000035811.06277.b3","volume":"29","author":"T Barichello","year":"2004","unstructured":"Barichello T, Bonatto F, Agostinho FR, Reinke A, Moreira JC, Dal-Pizzol F, et al. Structure-related oxidative damage in rat brain after acute and chronic electroshock. Neurochem Res. 2004;29(9):1749\u201317453.","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"200_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.04.026","volume":"1014","author":"T Barichello","year":"2004","unstructured":"Barichello T, Bonatto F, Feier G, Martins MR, Moreira JC, Dal-Pizzol F, et al. No evidence for oxidative damage in the hippocampus after acute and chronic electroshock in rats. Brain Res. 2004;1014(1\u20132):177\u201383.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"200_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-006-9064-4","volume":"31","author":"G Feier","year":"2006","unstructured":"Feier G, Ornada LK, Barichello T, Vitali AM, Bonatto F, Moreira JC, et al. Long lasting effects of electroconvulsive seizures on brain oxidative parameters. Neurochem Res. 2006;31(5):665\u201370.","journal-title":"Neurochem Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2017.10.013","volume":"11","author":"A Yrondi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yrondi A, Sporer M, P\u00e9ran P, Schmitt L, Arbus C, Sauvaget A. Electroconvulsive therapy, depression, the immune system and inflammation: a systematic review. Brain Stimul. 2018;11(1):29\u201351.","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"issue":"3","key":"200_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2010.05.004","volume":"35","author":"M Maes","year":"2011","unstructured":"Maes M, Galecki P, Chang YS, Berk M. A A review on the oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) pathways in major depression and their possible contribution to the (neuro)degenerative processes in that illness. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011;35(3):676\u201392.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"200_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.05.018","volume":"300","author":"GZ Reus","year":"2015","unstructured":"Reus GZ, Fries GR, Stertz L, Badawy M, Passos IC, Barichello T, et al. The role of inflammation and microglial activation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Neuroscience. 2015;300:141\u201354.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"200_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-1161-2","volume":"56","author":"GZ Reus","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reus GZ, Silva RH, de Moura AB, Presa JF, Abelaira HM, Abatti M, et al. Early maternal deprivation induces microglial activation, alters glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase during the development of offspring rats. Mol Neurobiol. 2019;56(2):1096\u2013108.","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-5846(94)00101-M","volume":"19","author":"M Maes","year":"1995","unstructured":"Maes M. Evidence for an immune response in major depression: a review and hypothesis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1995;19(1):11\u201338.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"200_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.167","volume":"23","author":"N Kappelmann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kappelmann N, Lewis G, Dantzer R, Jones PB, Khandaker GM. Antidepressant activity of anti-cytokine treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials of chronic inflammatory conditions. Mol Psychiatry. 2018;23(2):335\u201343.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"200_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.07.045","volume":"257","author":"C Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang C, Wardenaar KJ, Bosker FJ, Li J, Schoevers RA. Inflammatory markers and treatment outcome in treatment resistant depression: a systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2019;257:640\u20139.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2007.07.027","volume":"32","author":"LS Garcia","year":"2008","unstructured":"Garcia LS, Comim CM, Valvassori SS, R\u00e9us GZ, Barbosa LM, Andreazza AC, et al. Acute administration of ketamine induces antidepressant-like effects in the forced swimming test and increases BDNF levels in the rat hippocampus. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008;32(1):140\u20134.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"200_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050555","volume":"136","author":"JP Reneric","year":"1998","unstructured":"Reneric JP, Lucki I. Antidepressant behavioral effects by dual inhibition of monoamine reuptake in the rat forced swimming test. Psychopharmacology. 1998;136(2):190\u20137.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(01)00227-5","volume":"26","author":"T Tsutsumi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tsutsumi T, Fujiki M, Akiyoshi J, Horinouchi Y, Isogawa K, Hori S, et al. Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on forced swimming test. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2002;26(1):107\u201311.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"200_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(80)90021-7","volume":"3","author":"G Paxinos","year":"1980","unstructured":"Paxinos G, Watson CR, Emson PC. AChE-stained horizontal sections of the rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates. J Neurosci Methods. 1980;3(2):129\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0165-0270(80)90021-7.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods."},{"key":"200_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(90)86134-H","volume":"186","author":"H Esterbauer","year":"1990","unstructured":"Esterbauer H, Cheeseman KH. Determination of aldehydic lipid peroxidation products: malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal. Methods Enzymol. 1990;186:407\u201321.","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(82)90118-X","volume":"126","author":"LC Green","year":"1982","unstructured":"Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J, Skipper PL, Wishnok JS, Tannenbaum SR. Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [15N]nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Biochem. 1982;126(1):131\u20138.","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"200_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470110539.ch5","volume":"32","author":"JV Bannister","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bannister JV, Calabrese L. Assays for superoxide dismutase. Methods Biochem Anal. 1987;32:279\u2013312.","journal-title":"Methods Biochem Anal"},{"key":"200_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05016-3","volume":"105","author":"H Aebi","year":"1984","unstructured":"Aebi H. Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymol. 1984;105:121\u20136.","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.9758\/cpn.2016.14.1.57","volume":"14","author":"MC Sengul","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sengul MC, Kenar AN, Hanci E, Sendur \u0130, Sengul C, Herken H. Practice of acute and maintenance electroconvulsive therapy in the psychiatric clinic of a University Hospital from Turkey: between 2007 and 2013. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2016;14(1):57\u201363.","journal-title":"Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci"},{"key":"200_CR29","unstructured":"APA. APA, Committee on ECT: the practice of electroconvulsive therapy. Recommendations for treatment, training, and privileging. A Task Force Report of the American Psychiatric Association, Washington, 2001."},{"issue":"3","key":"200_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000423","volume":"33","author":"CR Takala","year":"2017","unstructured":"Takala CR, Leung JG, Murphy LL, Geske JR, Palmer BA. Concurrent electroconvulsive therapy and bupropion treatment. J ECT. 2017;33(3):185\u20139.","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"3","key":"200_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0b013e3181eee13f","volume":"26","author":"RF Haskett","year":"2010","unstructured":"Haskett RF, Loo L. Adjunctive psychotropic medications during electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of depression, mania, and schizophrenia. J ECT. 2010;26(3):196\u2013201.","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"key":"200_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.09.025","volume":"51","author":"CN Black","year":"2015","unstructured":"Black CN, Bot M, Scheffer PG, Cuijpers P, Penninx BW. Is depression associated with increased oxidative stress? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015;51:164\u201375.","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"200_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2013.09.017","volume":"48","author":"AL Lopresti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lopresti AL, Maker GL, Hood SD, Drummond PD. A review of peripheral biomarkers in major depression: the potential of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2014;48:102\u201311.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(00)00199-3","volume":"64","author":"M Bilici","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bilici M, Efe H, K\u00f6ro\u011flu MA, Uydu HA, Bekaro\u011flu M, De\u011fer O. Antioxidative enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in major depression: alterations by antidepressant treatments. J Affect Disord. 2001;64(1):43\u201351.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"200_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/S1734-1140(09)70084-2","volume":"61","author":"P Galecki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Galecki P, Szemraj J, Bie\u0144kiewicz M, Florkowski A, Ga\u0142ecka E. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in patients during acute depressive episodes and in remission after fluoxetine treatment. Pharmacol Rep. 2009;61(3):436\u201347.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"200_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(00)01409-9","volume":"291","author":"F Dal-Pizzol","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dal-Pizzol F, Klamt F, Vianna MM, Schr\u00f6der N, Quevedo J, Benfato MS, et al. Lipid peroxidation in hippocampus early and late after status epilepticus induced by pilocarpine or kainic acid in Wistar rats. Neurosci Lett. 2000;291(3):179\u201382.","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0b013e3182a4b4c6","volume":"30","author":"A Yoosefi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yoosefi A, Sepehri AS, Kargar M, Akhondzadeh S, Sadeghi M, Rafei A, et al. Comparing effects of ketamine and thiopental administration during electroconvulsive therapy in patients with major depressive disorder: a randomized, double-blind study. J ECT. 2014;30(1):15\u201321.","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"key":"200_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.05.011","volume":"201","author":"X Zhong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhong X, He H, Zhang C, Wang Z, Jiang M, Li Q, et al. Mood and neuropsychological effects of different doses of ketamine in electroconvulsive therapy for treatment-resistant depression. J Affect Disord. 2016;201:124\u201330.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"200_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2018.07.003","volume":"104","author":"L Ren","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ren L, Deng J, Min S, Peng L, Chen Q. Ketamine in electroconvulsive therapy for depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res. 2018;104:144\u201356.","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"200_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.22283","volume":"75","author":"GZ Reus","year":"2015","unstructured":"Reus GZ, Carlessi AS, Titus SE, Abelaira HM, Ign\u00e1cio ZM, da Luz JR, Matias BI, et al. A single dose of S-ketamine induces long-term antidepressant effects and decreases oxidative stress in adulthood rats following maternal deprivation. Dev Neurobiol. 2015;75(11):1268\u201381.","journal-title":"Dev Neurobiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"200_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2012.02.022","volume":"43","author":"EA Kos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kos EA, Bakar B, Ayva SK, Kilinc K, Apan A. Neuroprotective effects of racemic ketamine and (S)-ketamine on spinal cord injury in rat. Injury. 2012;43(7):1124\u201330.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5994","key":"200_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1190287","volume":"329","author":"N Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li N, Lee B, Liu RJ, Banasr M, Dwyer JM, Iwata M, et al. mTOR-dependent synapse formation underlies the rapid antidepressant effects of NMDA antagonists. Science. 2010;329(5994):959\u201364.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"200_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.11.034","volume":"227","author":"M Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang M, Rosenheck R, Lin X, Li Q, Zhou Y, Xiao Y, et al. A randomized clinical trial of adjunctive ketamine anesthesia in electro-convulsive therapy for depression. J Affect Disord. 2018;227:372\u20138.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"200_CR44","first-page":"313","volume":"29","author":"M Maes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maes M, Mihaylova I, Kubera M, Leunis JC. An IgM-mediated immune response directed against nitro-bovine serum albumin (nitro-BSA) in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and major depression: evidence that nitrosative stress is another factor underpinning the comorbidity between major depression and CFS. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2008;29(3):313\u20139.","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"200_CR45","first-page":"247","volume":"51","author":"KK Chung","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chung KK, Dawson TM, Dawson VL. Nitric oxide, S-nitrosylation and neurodegeneration. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2005;51(3):247\u201354.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)"},{"issue":"6","key":"200_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.03988.x","volume":"97","author":"S Moncada","year":"2006","unstructured":"Moncada S, Bolanos JP. Nitric oxide, cell bioenergetics and neurodegeneration. J Neurochem. 2006;97(6):1676\u201389.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"200_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2017.12.005","volume":"137","author":"AL Maciel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maciel AL, Abelaira HM, de Moura AB, de Souza TG, Rosa T, Matos D, Tuon T, et al. Acute treatment with ketamine and chronic treatment with minocycline exert antidepressant-like effects and antioxidant properties in rats subjected different stressful events. Brain Res Bull. 2018;137:204\u201316.","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"200_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.01.075","volume":"238","author":"MA Camkurt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Camkurt MA, F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131 E, \u0130zci F, Kuruta\u015f EB, Tuman TC. Evaluation of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and their diagnostic value in drug naive, first episode, non-smoker major depression patients and healthy controls. Psychiatry Res. 2016;238:81\u20135.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"200_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2009.11.004","volume":"1804","author":"JJ Perry","year":"2010","unstructured":"Perry JJ, Shin DS, Getzoff ED, Tainer JA. The structural biochemistry of the superoxide dismutases. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010;1804(2):245\u201362.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)50881-X","volume":"195","author":"RF Beers Jr","year":"1952","unstructured":"Beers RF Jr, Sizer IW. A spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase. J Biol Chem. 1952;195(1):133\u201340.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"200_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.09.061","volume":"690","author":"B Nielsen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nielsen B, Cejvanovic V, W\u00f6rtwein G, Hansen AR, Marstal KK, Weimann A, et al. Increased oxidation of RNA despite reduced mitochondrial respiration after chronic electroconvulsive stimulation of rat brain tissue. Neurosci Lett. 2019;690:1\u20135.","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"7","key":"200_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001511","volume":"9","author":"S Prabakaran","year":"2004","unstructured":"Prabakaran S, Swatton JE, Ryan MM, Huffaker SJ, Huang JT, Griffin JL, et al. Mitochondrial dysfunction in schizophrenia: evidence for compromised brain metabolism and oxidative stress. Mol Psychiatry. 2004;9(7):684\u201397 (643).","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry."},{"issue":"3","key":"200_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2007.12.007","volume":"32","author":"G Zupan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zupan G, Pilipovi\u0107 K, Hrelja A, Peternel S. Oxidative stress parameters in different rat brain structures after electroconvulsive shock-induced seizures. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008;32(3):771\u20137.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"200_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e415","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.17f11567","volume":"78","author":"C Andrade","year":"2017","unstructured":"Andrade C. Ketamine for depression, 1: clinical summary of issues related to efficacy, adverse effects, and mechanism of action. J Clin Psychiatry. 2017;78(4):e415\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"200_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.04.009","volume":"31","author":"C Bufalino","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bufalino C, Hepgul N, Aguglia E, Pariante CM. The role of immune genes in the association between depression and inflammation: a review of recent clinical studies. Brain Behav Immun. 2013;31:31\u201347.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.06.007","volume":"441","author":"TJ Connor","year":"2008","unstructured":"Connor TJ, Starr N, O\u2019Sullivan JB, Harkin A. Induction of indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase and kynurenine 3-monooxygenase in rat brain following a systemic inflammatory challenge: a role for IFN-gamma? Neurosci Lett. 2008;441(1):29\u201334.","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"200_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000131","volume":"30","author":"PB Rosenquist","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rosenquist PB, Miller B, Pillai A. The antipsychotic effects of ECT: a review of possible mechanisms. J ECT. 2014;30(2):125\u201331.","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1990.tb40529.x","volume":"594","author":"Z Kronfol","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kronfol Z, Lemay L, Nair M, Kluger M. Electroconvulsive therapy increases plasma levels of interleukin-6. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1990;594(1):463\u20135.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"200_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.11.035","volume":"131","author":"SB Fluitman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fluitman SB, Heijnen CJ, Denys DA, Nolen WA, Balk FJ, Westenberg HG. Electroconvulsive therapy has acute immunological and neuroendocrine effects in patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord. 2011;131(1\u20133):388\u201392.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0b013e3181571abb","volume":"24","author":"K Lehtimaki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lehtimaki K, Ker\u00e4nen T, Huuhka M, Palmio J, Hurme M, Leinonen E, et al. Increase in plasma proinflammatory cytokines after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depressive disorder. J ECT. 2008;24(1):88\u201391.","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"issue":"4","key":"200_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000524","volume":"30","author":"C Andrade","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andrade C. Ketamine and electroconvulsive therapy for depression. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2018;30(4):288\u20139.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"200_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198202000-00007","volume":"56","author":"PF White","year":"1982","unstructured":"White PF, Way WL, Trevor AJ. Ketamine\u2014its pharmacology and therapeutic uses. Anesthesiology. 1982;56(2):119\u201336.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"200_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2016.11.008","volume":"27","author":"DJ Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li DJ, Wang FC, Chu CS, Chen TY, Tang CH, Yang WC, et al. Significant treatment effect of add-on ketamine anesthesia in electroconvulsive therapy in depressive patients: a meta-analysis. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2017;27(1):29\u201341.","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"200_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000511","volume":"30","author":"CW Carspecken","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carspecken CW, Borisovskaya A, Lan ST, Heller K, Buchholz J, Ruskin D, et al. Ketamine anesthesia does not improve depression scores in electroconvulsive therapy: a randomized clinical trial. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2018;30(4):305\u201313.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"200_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-018-1088-0","volume":"65","author":"JJ Gamble","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gamble JJ, Bi H, Bowen R, Weisgerber G, Sanjanwala R, Prasad R, et al. Ketamine-based anesthesia improves electroconvulsive therapy outcomes: a randomized-controlled study. Can J Anaesth. 2018;65(6):636\u201346.","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"200_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000607","volume":"31","author":"K Cobb","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cobb K, Nanda M. Ketamine and electroconvulsive therapy: so happy together? Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2018;31(4):459\u201362.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"}],"container-title":["Pharmacological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43440-020-00200-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43440-020-00200-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43440-020-00200-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T18:47:27Z","timestamp":1697482047000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43440-020-00200-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["200"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43440-020-00200-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1734-1140","2299-5684"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1734-1140","type":"print"},{"value":"2299-5684","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 August 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 November 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}