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However, it is unclear how cocaine exposure affects M\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      mAChR expression or distribution.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate the effects of cocaine self-administration on M\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      mAChR availability using [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]MK-6884 in vivo PET imaging in rats that self-administered cocaine (cocaine SA) or sucrose pellets (control).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sprague-Dawley rats self-administered cocaine or sucrose pellets for 15 days under 2-h or 4-h sessions followed by PET imaging with [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]MK-6884, a radiolabeled M\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      selective positive allosteric modulator to determine the effects of cocaine on [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]MK-6884 standard uptake values with cerebellum as reference (SUVr).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cumulative cocaine intake ranged between 324 and 776\u00a0mg\/kg. Cocaine self-administration was associated with significantly lower [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]MK-6884 SUVrs in the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum compared to cocaine-naive rats, with a negative correlation between radiotracer SUVrs and cocaine intake in the hippocampus.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These results suggest that cocaine self-administration decreases M\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      mAChR availability, providing further support for pursuing activation\/enhancement of M\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      mAChR function as a viable pharmacotherapeutic approach for CUD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-025-00695-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T03:00:57Z","timestamp":1736823657000},"page":"532-541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["[11C]MK-6884 PET imaging reveals lower M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor availability following cocaine self-administration in male rats"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Krishna K.","family":"Gollapelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Krizan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhuvanachandra","family":"Bhoopal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naresh","family":"Damuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carson","family":"Moriarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mack","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiran K. 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