{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T04:48:05Z","timestamp":1782449285540,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Sustain"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>As urbanization increases and climate challenges intensify, the future of food production may lie in AI-driven synthetic ecosystems. This comment explores the potential of creating fully autonomous, closed-loop agricultural systems within urban settings\u2014powered by AI and robotics\u2014to produce food with minimal human intervention, addressing food security, sustainability, and labour shortages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43621-025-00914-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T15:49:55Z","timestamp":1740412195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The rise of synthetic ecosystems in agriculture: artificial intelligence as the future of urban food systems"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Rad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"914_CR1","unstructured":"UNICEF. The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2021; 2021"},{"issue":"1","key":"914_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/15487733.2017.1394054","volume":"13","author":"K Benke","year":"2017","unstructured":"Benke K, Tomkins B. Future food-production systems: vertical farming and controlled-environment agriculture. Sustain: Sci, Pract Policy. 2017;13(1):13\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15487733.2017.1394054.","journal-title":"Sustain: Sci, Pract Policy"},{"key":"914_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2021.104055","volume":"210","author":"J Langemeyer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Langemeyer J, Madrid-Lopez C, Mendoza Beltran A, Villalba Mendez G. Urban agriculture\u2014a necessary pathway towards urban resilience and global sustainability? Landsc Urban Plan. 2021;210: 104055. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2021.104055.","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"914_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atech.2024.100416","volume":"7","author":"AA Mana","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mana AA, Allouhi A, Hamrani A, Rehman S, el Jamaoui I, Jayachandran K. Sustainable AI-based production agriculture: exploring AI applications and implications in agricultural practices. Smart Agric Technol. 2024;7: 100416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atech.2024.100416.","journal-title":"Smart Agric Technol"},{"issue":"15","key":"914_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e34998","volume":"10","author":"AS Rathor","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rathor AS, Choudhury S, Sharma A, Nautiyal P, Shah G. Empowering vertical farming through IoT and AI-Driven technologies: a comprehensive review. Heliyon. 2024;10(15): e34998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e34998.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"914_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aac.2022.10.001","volume":"2","author":"M Javaid","year":"2023","unstructured":"Javaid M, Haleem A, Khan IH, Suman R. Understanding the potential applications of artificial intelligence in agriculture sector. Adv Agrochem. 2023;2(1):15\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aac.2022.10.001.","journal-title":"Adv Agrochem"},{"issue":"16","key":"914_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1080\/09537287.2021.1882688","volume":"33","author":"K Spanaki","year":"2022","unstructured":"Spanaki K, Karafili E, Sivarajah U, Despoudi S, Irani Z. Artificial intelligence and food security: swarm intelligence of AgriTech drones for smart AgriFood operations. Prod Plan & Control. 2022;33(16):1498\u2013516.","journal-title":"Prod Plan & Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"914_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wmb.2024.05.001","volume":"2","author":"DB Olawade","year":"2024","unstructured":"Olawade DB, Fapohunda O, Wada OZ, Usman SO, Ige AO, Ajisafe O, Oladapo BI. Smart waste management: a paradigm shift enabled by artificial intelligence. Waste Manag Bull. 2024;2(2):244\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wmb.2024.05.001.","journal-title":"Waste Manag Bull"}],"container-title":["Discover Sustainability"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43621-025-00914-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43621-025-00914-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43621-025-00914-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T15:49:57Z","timestamp":1740412197000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43621-025-00914-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["914"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43621-025-00914-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2662-9984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2662-9984","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This manuscript does not involve research with human participants or animals.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person\u2019s data in any form.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"133"}}