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In this framework, the European project \u201cLight4Lungs\u201d aims at synthesizing and testing an inhalable light source to control lung infections by antimicrobial photoinactivation (aPDI), addressing endogenous photosensitizers only (porphyrins) in the representative case of <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>. In the search for the best emission characteristics for the aerosolized light source, this work defines and calculates the photo-killing action spectrum for lung aPDI in the exemplary case of cystic fibrosis. This was obtained by applying a semi-theoretical modelling with Monte Carlo simulations, according to previously published methodology related to stomach infections and applied to the infected trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. In each of these regions, the two low and high oxygen concentration cases were considered to account for the variability of in vivo conditions, together with the presence of endogenous porphyrins and other relevant absorbers\/diffusers inside the illuminated biofilm\/mucous layer. Furthermore, an a priori method to obtain the \u201cbest illumination wavelengths\u201d was defined, starting from maximizing porphyrin and light absorption at any depth. The obtained action spectrum is peaked at 394\u00a0nm and mostly follows porphyrin extinction coefficient behavior. This is confirmed by the results from the best illumination wavelengths, which reinforces the robustness of our approach. These results can offer important indications for the synthesis of the aerosolized light source and definition of its most effective emission spectrum, suggesting a flexible platform to be considered in further applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43630-021-00066-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]],"date-time":"2021-07-17T16:02:33Z","timestamp":1626537753000},"page":"985-996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Aerosol-based antimicrobial photoinactivation in the lungs: an action spectrum study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Treghini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Dell\u2019Accio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4349-0842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franco","family":"Fusi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"66_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2018.08.014","volume":"17","author":"TJ Kidd","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kidd, T. 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