{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T18:45:32Z","timestamp":1748371532524,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742947200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012990","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Siena","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012990","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photochem Photobiol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Influenza D virus (IDV) is a novel influenza virus, first isolated from swine with influenza-like symptoms in the USA in 2011. To date, IDV circulation has been reported in various animal species such as cattle, pigs, horses with the ability to expand its range of hosts. UV radiation has been widely used for the disinfection of various sources such as water, air, and surfaces, especially in places at greater risk of contamination by viruses and bacteria, such as hospitals and health facilities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential virucidal effect of a violet-blue light against IDV. Viral suspension of IDV was exposed to a violet-blue light (405\u00a0nm) for different times (radiant exposures): 22\u00a0min and 30\u00a0s (5.4\u00a0J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), 45\u00a0min (10.8\u00a0J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), 90\u00a0min (21.6\u00a0J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), 180\u00a0min (43.2\u00a0J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), and 360\u00a0min (86.4\u00a0J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), and different temperatures (room temperature, 4 and 37\u00a0\u00b0C). At the end of exposure, virus titration was performed on MDCK cells. After violet-blue light exposure, a viral titre reduction proportional to exposure time was observed: 0.228 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> after 22\u00a0min and 30\u00a0s, 0.668 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> after 45\u00a0min, 0.940 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> after 90\u00a0min, 1.375 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> after 180\u00a0min and 2.293 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> after 360\u00a0min. Differences were observed among temperatures of exposure, with the greatest virucidal effect observed at room temperature. As reported for other respiratory viruses, this violet-blue light can potentially be used to reduce IDV spread in potentially hotspot areas for animals and humans.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43630-025-00708-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T19:40:01Z","timestamp":1743277201000},"page":"569-578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The virucidal potential effects of violet-blue light on influenza D virus"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Serena","family":"Marchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Amodeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Peccetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isa","family":"De Palma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Messina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Montomoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7229-9919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia Maria","family":"Trombetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"708_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ruiz, M., Puig, A., Bassols, M., Fraile, L., & Armengol, R. (2022). Influenza D Virus: A review and update of its role in bovine respiratory syndrome. Viruses, 14(12). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v14122717","DOI":"10.3390\/v14122717"},{"key":"708_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Skelton, R. M., & Huber, V. C. (2022). Comparing influenza virus biology for understanding influenza D virus. Viruses, 14(5). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v14051036","DOI":"10.3390\/v14051036"},{"key":"708_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gaudino, M., Chiapponi, C., Moreno, A., Zohari, S., O\u2019Donovan, T., Quinless, E., et al. (2022). Evolutionary and temporal dynamics of emerging influenza D virus in Europe (2009\u201322). Virus Evaluation, 8(2), veac081. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ve\/veac081","DOI":"10.1093\/ve\/veac081"},{"issue":"2","key":"708_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003176","volume":"9","author":"BM Hause","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hause, B. M., Ducatez, M., Collin, E. A., Ran, Z., Liu, R., Sheng, Z., et al. (2013). Isolation of a novel swine influenza virus from Oklahoma in 2011 which is distantly related to human influenza C viruses. PLoS Pathogens, 9(2), e1003176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003176","journal-title":"PLoS Pathogens"},{"key":"708_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lanave, G., Camero, M., Coppola, C., Marchi, S., Cascone, G., Salina, F., et al. (2024). Serological evidence for circulation of influenza D virus in the ovine population in Italy. Pathogens, 13(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens13020162","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13020162"},{"issue":"5","key":"708_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3005.231401","volume":"30","author":"CM Trombetta","year":"2024","unstructured":"Trombetta, C. M., Marchi, S., Marotta, M. G., Moreno, A., Chiapponi, C., Montomoli, E., et al. (2024). Detection of influenza D antibodies in dogs, Apulia Region, Italy, 2016 and 2023. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 30(5), 1045\u20131047. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid3005.231401","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"708_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Falchi, A. (2020). Influenza D virus: The most discreet (for the moment?) of the influenza viruses. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(8). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9082550","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082550"},{"key":"708_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Trombetta, C. M., Marchi, S., Manini, I., Kistner, O., Li, F., Piu, P., et al. (2019). Influenza D virus: Serological evidence in the italian population from 2005 to 2017. Viruses, 12(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v12010030","DOI":"10.3390\/v12010030"},{"key":"708_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2016.05.017","volume":"81","author":"SK White","year":"2016","unstructured":"White, S. K., Ma, W., McDaniel, C. J., Gray, G. C., & Lednicky, J. A. (2016). Serologic evidence of exposure to influenza D virus among persons with occupational contact with cattle. Journal of Clinical Virology, 81, 31\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2016.05.017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology"},{"key":"708_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.08.004","volume":"44","author":"R Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, R., Sheng, Z., Huang, C., Wang, D., & Li, F. (2020). Influenza D virus. Current Opinion in Virology, 44, 154\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.08.004","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Virology"},{"issue":"6","key":"708_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2855","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27466","volume":"94","author":"CM Trombetta","year":"2022","unstructured":"Trombetta, C. M., Montomoli, E., Di Bartolo, I., Ostanello, F., Chiapponi, C., & Marchi, S. (2022). Detection of antibodies against influenza D virus in swine veterinarians in Italy in 2004. Journal of Medical Virology, 94(6), 2855\u20132859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.27466","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"key":"708_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yu, J., Li, F., & Wang, D. (2021). The first decade of research advances in influenza D virus. Journal of General Virology, 102(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/jgv.0.001529","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001529"},{"key":"708_CR13","unstructured":"Spickler, A. R. (2021). Influenza D."},{"issue":"8","key":"708_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2017.1365216","volume":"8","author":"S Su","year":"2017","unstructured":"Su, S., Fu, X., Li, G., Kerlin, F., & Veit, M. (2017). Novel Influenza D virus: Epidemiology, pathology, evolution and biological characteristics. Virulence, 8(8), 1580\u20131591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21505594.2017.1365216","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"708_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yu, J., Hika, B., Liu, R., Sheng, Z., Hause, B. M., Li, F., et al. (2017). The Hemagglutinin-Esterase fusion glycoprotein is a primary determinant of the exceptional thermal and acid stability of influenza D virus. mSphere, 2(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mSphere.00254-17","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00254-17"},{"key":"708_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2022.112503","volume":"233","author":"MA Schuit","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schuit, M. A., Larason, T. C., Krause, M. L., Green, B. M., Holland, B. P., Wood, S. P., et al. (2022). SARS-CoV-2 inactivation by ultraviolet radiation and visible light is dependent on wavelength and sample matrix. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 233, 112503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2022.112503","journal-title":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology"},{"issue":"10","key":"708_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2020.07.031","volume":"48","author":"CS Heilingloh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Heilingloh, C. S., Aufderhorst, U. W., Schipper, L., Dittmer, U., Witzke, O., Yang, D., et al. (2020). Susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 to UV irradiation. American Journal of Infection Control, 48(10), 1273\u20131275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2020.07.031","journal-title":"American Journal of Infection Control"},{"issue":"10","key":"708_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.19.10.105001","volume":"19","author":"P Ramakrishnan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ramakrishnan, P., Maclean, M., MacGregor, S. J., Anderson, J. G., & Grant, M. H. (2014). Differential sensitivity of osteoblasts and bacterial pathogens to 405-nm light highlighting potential for decontamination applications in orthopedic surgery. Journal of Biomedial Optics, 19(10), 105001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.JBO.19.10.105001","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedial Optics"},{"key":"708_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Napolitani, M., Bezzini, D., Moirano, F., Bedogni, C., & Messina, G. (2020). Methods of disinfecting stethoscopes: Systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research Public Health, 17(6). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17061856","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17061856"},{"issue":"1","key":"708_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2009.00474.x","volume":"26","author":"MM Kleinpenning","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kleinpenning, M. M., Smits, T., Frunt, M. H., van Erp, P. E., van de Kerkhof, P. C., & Gerritsen, R. M. (2010). Clinical and histological effects of blue light on normal skin. Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine, 26(1), 16\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2009.00474.x","journal-title":"Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine"},{"key":"708_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.10.016","volume":"170","author":"K McKenzie","year":"2014","unstructured":"McKenzie, K., Maclean, M., Timoshkin, I. V., MacGregor, S. J., & Anderson, J. G. (2014). Enhanced inactivation of Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes by exposure to 405 nm light under sub-lethal temperature, salt and acid stress conditions. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 170, 91\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.10.016","journal-title":"International Journal of Food Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"708_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2014.06.004","volume":"88","author":"M Maclean","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maclean, M., McKenzie, K., Anderson, J. G., Gettinby, G., & MacGregor, S. J. (2014). 405 nm light technology for the inactivation of pathogens and its potential role for environmental disinfection and infection control. Journal of Hospital Infection, 88(1), 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhin.2014.06.004","journal-title":"Journal of Hospital Infection"},{"issue":"7","key":"708_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1932","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01892-08","volume":"75","author":"M Maclean","year":"2009","unstructured":"Maclean, M., MacGregor, S. J., Anderson, J. G., & Woolsey, G. (2009). Inactivation of bacterial pathogens following exposure to light from a 405-nanometer light-emitting diode array. Applied and Environment Microbiology, 75(7), 1932\u20131937. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.01892-08","journal-title":"Applied and Environment Microbiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"708_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2006.24.684","volume":"24","author":"JS Guffey","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guffey, J. S., & Wilborn, J. (2006). In vitro bactericidal effects of 405-nm and 470-nm blue light. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery, 24(6), 684\u2013688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/pho.2006.24.684","journal-title":"Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"708_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01652-12","volume":"57","author":"T Dai","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dai, T., Gupta, A., Huang, Y. Y., Yin, R., Murray, C. K., Vrahas, M. S., et al. (2013). Blue light rescues mice from potentially fatal Pseudomonas aeruginosa burn infection: Efficacy, safety, and mechanism of action. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 57(3), 1238\u20131245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.01652-12","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"708_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2008.06.006","volume":"92","author":"M Maclean","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maclean, M., Macgregor, S. J., Anderson, J. G., & Woolsey, G. A. (2008). The role of oxygen in the visible-light inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 92(3), 180\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2008.06.006","journal-title":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology"},{"issue":"10","key":"708_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20724","volume":"40","author":"CS Enwemeka","year":"2008","unstructured":"Enwemeka, C. S., Williams, D., Hollosi, S., Yens, D., & Enwemeka, S. K. (2008). Visible 405 nm SLD light photo-destroys methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 40(10), 734\u2013737. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.20724","journal-title":"Lasers in Surgery and Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"708_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2007.00517.x","volume":"72","author":"KL Bialka","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bialka, K. L., & Demirci, A. (2007). Decontamination of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica on blueberries using ozone and pulsed UV-light. Journal of Food Science, 72(9), M391\u2013M396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2007.00517.x","journal-title":"Journal of Food Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"708_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.3.1312-1315.1999","volume":"65","author":"NJ Rowan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rowan, N. J., MacGregor, S. J., Anderson, J. G., Fouracre, R. A., McIlvaney, L., & Farish, O. (1999). Pulsed-light inactivation of food-related microorganisms. Applied and Environment Microbiology, 65(3), 1312\u20131315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.65.3.1312-1315.1999","journal-title":"Applied and Environment Microbiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"708_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2445","volume":"17","author":"AM Scott","year":"2019","unstructured":"Scott, A. M., Stehlik, P., Clark, J., Zhang, D., Yang, Z., Hoffmann, T., et al. (2019). Blue-light therapy for acne vulgaris: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Family Medicine, 17(6), 545\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1370\/afm.2445","journal-title":"Annals of Family Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"708_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2012.01202.x","volume":"89","author":"M Maclean","year":"2013","unstructured":"Maclean, M., Murdoch, L. E., MacGregor, S. J., & Anderson, J. G. (2013). Sporicidal effects of high-intensity 405 nm visible light on endospore-forming bacteria. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 89(1), 120\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2012.01202.x","journal-title":"Photochemistry and Photobiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"708_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1562\/2005-04-06-RA-477","volume":"81","author":"O Feuerstein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Feuerstein, O., Ginsburg, I., Dayan, E., Veler, D., & Weiss, E. I. (2005). Mechanism of visible light phototoxicity on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 81(5), 1186\u20131189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1562\/2005-04-06-RA-477","journal-title":"Photochemistry and Photobiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"708_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3259","DOI":"10.3390\/app10093259","volume":"10","author":"L Fiorineschi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fiorineschi, L., Becattini, N., Borgianni, Y., & Rotini, F. (2020). Testing a new structured tool for supporting requirements\u2019 formulation and decomposition. Applied Sciences., 10(9), 3259.","journal-title":"Applied Sciences."},{"key":"708_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compind.2017.09.004","volume":"94","author":"L Fiorineschi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fiorineschi, L., Frillici, F. S., & Rotini, F. (2018). Enhancing functional decomposition and morphology with TRIZ: Literature review. Computers in Industry, 94, 1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compind.2017.09.004","journal-title":"Computers in Industry"},{"issue":"1","key":"708_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.destud.2008.07.001","volume":"30","author":"Q Xu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xu, Q., Jiao, R. J., Yang, X., Helander, M., Khalid, H. M., & Opperud, A. (2009). An analytical Kano model for customer need analysis. Design Studies, 30(1), 87\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.destud.2008.07.001","journal-title":"Design Studies"},{"issue":"7","key":"708_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1108\/RPJ-02-2017-0021","volume":"24","author":"M Carfagni","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carfagni, M., Fiorineschi, L., Furferi, R., Governi, L., & Rotini, F. (2018). The role of additive technologies in the prototyping issues of design. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 24(7), 1101\u20131116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/RPJ-02-2017-0021","journal-title":"Rapid Prototyping Journal"},{"issue":"14","key":"708_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6476","DOI":"10.3390\/app11146476","volume":"11","author":"L Fiorineschi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fiorineschi, L., Frillici, F. S., Rotini, F., Conti, L., & Rossi, G. (2021). Adapted use of the TRIZ system operator. Applied Sciences, 11(14), 6476.","journal-title":"Applied Sciences"},{"key":"708_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Amodeo, D., Manzi, P., De Palma, I., Puccio, A., Nante, N., Barcaccia, M., et al. (2023). Efficacy of Violet-Blue (405 nm) LED lamps for disinfection of high-environmental-contact surfaces in healthcare facilities: Leading to the inactivation of microorganisms and reduction of MRSA contamination. Pathogens, 12(11). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens12111338","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12111338"},{"key":"708_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ragupathy, V., Haleyurgirisetty, M., Dahiya, N., Stewart, C., Anderson, J., MacGregor, S., et al. (2022). Visible 405 nm violet-blue light successfully inactivates HIV-1 in human plasma. Pathogens, 11(7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens11070778","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11070778"},{"issue":"1","key":"708_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19470","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-97797-0","volume":"11","author":"R Rathnasinghe","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rathnasinghe, R., Jangra, S., Miorin, L., Schotsaert, M., Yahnke, C., & Garciotaa-Sastre, A. (2021). The virucidal effects of 405 nm visible light on SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus. Science and Reports, 11(1), 19470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-97797-0","journal-title":"Science and Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"708_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a118408","volume":"27","author":"LJ Reed","year":"1938","unstructured":"Reed, L. J., & Muench, H. (1938). A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints. American Journal of Epidemiology, 27(3), 493\u2013497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a118408","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"708_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s40794-018-0071-7","volume":"4","author":"ES Bailey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bailey, E. S., Choi, J. Y., Zemke, J., Yondon, M., & Gray, G. C. (2018). Molecular surveillance of respiratory viruses with bioaerosol sampling in an airport. Tropical Diseases Travelling Medical Vaccines, 4, 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40794-018-0071-7","journal-title":"Tropical Diseases Travelling Medical Vaccines"},{"key":"708_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00174","volume":"6","author":"JY Choi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Choi, J. Y., Zemke, J., Philo, S. E., Bailey, E. S., Yondon, M., & Gray, G. C. (2018). Aerosol sampling in a hospital emergency room setting: A complementary surveillance method for the detection of respiratory viruses. Frontiers in Public Health, 6, 174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00174","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"708_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201295","volume":"13","author":"LK Borkenhagen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Borkenhagen, L. K., Mallinson, K. A., Tsao, R. W., Ha, S. J., Lim, W. H., Toh, T. H., et al. (2018). Surveillance for respiratory and diarrheal pathogens at the human-pig interface in Sarawak, Malaysia. PLoS ONE, 13(7), e0201295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0201295","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"708_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2018.10.017","volume":"189","author":"R Nishisaka-Nonaka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nishisaka-Nonaka, R., Mawatari, K., Yamamoto, T., Kojima, M., Shimohata, T., Uebanso, T., et al. (2018). Irradiation by ultraviolet light-emitting diodes inactivates influenza a viruses by inhibiting replication and transcription of viral RNA in host cells. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 189, 193\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2018.10.017","journal-title":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology"},{"key":"708_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpap.2021.100064","volume":"8","author":"CS Enwemeka","year":"2021","unstructured":"Enwemeka, C. S., Baker, T. L., & Bumah, V. V. (2021). The role of UV and blue light in photo-eradication of microorganisms. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, 8, 100064. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpap.2021.100064","journal-title":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology"},{"key":"708_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpap.2021.100043","volume":"7","author":"RT Aroso","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aroso, R. T., Piccirillo, G., Arnaut, Z. A., Gonzalez, A. C. S., Rodrigues, F. M. S., & Pereira, M. M. (2021). Photodynamic inactivation of influenza virus as a potential alternative for the control of respiratory tract infections. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, 7, 100043. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpap.2021.100043","journal-title":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology"},{"key":"708_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Terrosi, C., Anichini, G., Docquier, J. D., Gori Savellini, G., Gandolfo, C., Pavone, F. S., et al. (2021). Efficient inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and other RNA or DNA viruses with blue LED light. Pathogens, 10(12). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens10121590","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10121590"},{"key":"708_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Asha, K., & Kumar, B. (2019). Emerging influenza D virus threat: What we know so far! Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm8020192","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8020192"},{"issue":"12","key":"708_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2017.08.008","volume":"19","author":"M Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu, M., Chen, F., Liu, T., Chen, F., Liu, S., & Yang, J. (2017). The role of oxidative stress in influenza virus infection. Microbes and Infection, 19(12), 580\u2013586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micinf.2017.08.008","journal-title":"Microbes and Infection"},{"issue":"1","key":"708_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-020-01890-9","volume":"20","author":"K-K Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen, K.-K., Minakuchi, M., Wuputra, K., Ku, C.-C., Pan, J.-B., Kuo, K.-K., et al. (2020). Redox control in the pathophysiology of influenza virus infection. BMC Microbiology, 20(1), 214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-020-01890-9","journal-title":"BMC Microbiology"},{"key":"708_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costa, L., Faustino, M. A. F., Neves, M. G. P. M. S., Cunha, \u00c2., & Almeida, A. (2012). Photodynamic inactivation of mammalian viruses and bacteriophages. Viruses, 4(7), 1034\u20131074.","DOI":"10.3390\/v4071034"},{"issue":"6","key":"708_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3284","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.3c00608","volume":"124","author":"G Duch\u00e9","year":"2024","unstructured":"Duch\u00e9, G., & Sanderson, J. M. (2024). The chemical reactivity of membrane lipids. Chemical Reviews, 124(6), 3284\u20133330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.chemrev.3c00608","journal-title":"Chemical Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"708_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21818-9","volume":"12","author":"S Halldorsson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Halldorsson, S., Sader, K., Turner, J., Calder, L. J., & Rosenthal, P. B. (2021). In situ structure and organization of the influenza C virus surface glycoprotein. Nature Communications, 12(1), 1694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-21818-9","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"1","key":"708_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20179","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-24563-1","volume":"12","author":"D Amodeo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Amodeo, D., Lucarelli, V., De Palma, I., Puccio, A., Nante, N., Cevenini, G., et al. (2022). Efficacy of violet-blue light to inactive microbial growth. Science and Reports, 12(1), 20179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-24563-1","journal-title":"Science and Reports"},{"key":"708_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpap.2021.100082","volume":"8","author":"R De Santis","year":"2021","unstructured":"De Santis, R., Luca, V., Naslund, J., Ehmann, R. K., De Angelis, M., Lundmark, E., et al. (2021). Rapid inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 with LED irradiation of visible spectrum wavelengths. Journal of Photochemical Photobiology, 8, 100082. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpap.2021.100082","journal-title":"Journal of Photochemical Photobiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"708_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3284","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.3c00608","volume":"124","author":"G Duche","year":"2024","unstructured":"Duche, G., & Sanderson, J. M. (2024). The chemical reactivity of membrane lipids. Chemical Reviews, 124(6), 3284\u20133330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.chemrev.3c00608","journal-title":"Chemical Reviews"},{"key":"708_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kuchipudi, S. V., Nissly, R. H. (2018). Novel flu viruses in bats and cattle: \u201cPushing the envelope\u201d of influenza infection. Veterinary Science, 5(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vetsci5030071","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci5030071"},{"issue":"3","key":"708_CR59","first-page":"279","volume":"22","author":"SS Azadeh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Azadeh, S. S., Esmaeeli Djavid, G., Nobari, S., Keshmiri Neghab, H., & Rezvan, M. (2023). Light-based therapy: Novel approach to treat COVID-19. Tanaffos, 22(3), 279\u2013289.","journal-title":"Tanaffos"},{"key":"708_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2020.111999","volume":"212","author":"CP Sabino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sabino, C. P., Ball, A. R., Baptista, M. S., Dai, T., Hamblin, M. R., Ribeiro, M. S., et al. (2020). Light-based technologies for management of COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 212, 111999. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2020.111999","journal-title":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology"},{"key":"708_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1474295","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1474295","volume":"12","author":"V Lucarelli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lucarelli, V., Amodeo, D., de Palma, I., Nante, N., Cevenini, G., & Messina, G. (2024). The potential role of violet-blue light to preventing hospital acquired infections: A systematic review. Frontiers in Public Health, 12, 1474295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1474295","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"}],"container-title":["Photochemical &amp; Photobiological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43630-025-00708-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43630-025-00708-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43630-025-00708-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T12:46:08Z","timestamp":1746621968000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43630-025-00708-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["708"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43630-025-00708-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1474-905X","1474-9092"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1474-905X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1474-9092"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"EM is founder and Chief Scientific Officer of VisMederi srl and VisMederi Research srl.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}