{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:17:01Z","timestamp":1792801021430,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006304","name":"Aalborg University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006304","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photochem Photobiol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Skin cancer, primarily caused by ultraviolet radiation (UVR), is the most common malignancy worldwide. The increasing incidence emphasizes the need for new protective measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the photoprotective effects of oral nicotinamide (NAM) and polypodium leucotomos (PL) in healthy individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this intraindividual controlled trial, participants (skin phototype I-III) were treated orally with NAM (2000\u00a0mg daily) or PL (480\u00a0mg daily) for 30 days. Protective effects against narrowband UVB-induced erythema and DNA damage were assessed by measuring the minimal erythema dose (MED) and thymidine dimer (TT-dimers) levels in urine and skin before and after treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 47 participants completed the study. PL treatment increased MED by 29% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.00018), while NAM did not affect MED (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.533). Neither treatment significantly affected TT-dimer levels measured in skin biopsies or urine.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non-randomized design and use of a narrow-band light source not covering the full solar UV spectrum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PL reduced UVB-induced erythema but had no measurable effect on DNA damage. NAM did not provide protection against erythema or DNA damage. Further research should explore the discrepancy between these findings and chemopreventative effects on skin cancer, using a light source covering the full solar UV spectrum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s43630-025-00807-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T15:33:54Z","timestamp":1762184034000},"page":"1951-1958","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Changes in ultraviolet B radiation-induced DNA damage and erythema after oral nicotinamide and polypodium leucotomos in healthy volunteers: an intraindividual controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9999-5671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Faisal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. A.","family":"Philipsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. M.","family":"Lerche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Douki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. S. W.","family":"Laursen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. R.","family":"Granborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Bjerring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Haedersdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. R.","family":"Wiegell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"807_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jvc2.478","author":"J Sieborg","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sieborg, J., Haedersdal, M., Lei, U., et al. (2024). Incidence and geographic differences in keratinocyte carcinoma and bowen\u2019s disease in office-based dermatological practice between 2013 and 2022: A nationwide Danish registry-based study. JEADV clinical practice. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jvc2.478","journal-title":"JEADV clinical practice"},{"key":"807_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lautenschlager, S., Wulf, H. C., Pittelkow, M. R., & Photoprotection (2007). Www Thelancet Com ;370. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140"},{"issue":"14","key":"807_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4905","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4046","volume":"10","author":"W Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang, W., Zeng, W., Jiang, A., et al. (2021). Global, regional and national incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life-years of skin cancers and trend analysis from 1990 to 2019: An analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019. Cancer Medicine, 10(14), 4905\u20134922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.4046","journal-title":"Cancer Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"807_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.03.109","volume":"85","author":"P Aggarwal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aggarwal, P., Knabel, P., & Fleischer, A. B. (2021). United States burden of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer from 1990 to 2019. Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology, 85(2), 388\u2013395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.03.109","journal-title":"Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"807_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5069","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.16015","volume":"42","author":"CM Lerche","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lerche, C. M., Philipsen, P. A., Hermansson, S., Heydenreich, J., & Wulf, H. C. (2022). Quantification of urinary thymidine dimers in volunteers after ultraviolet radiation using a new UPLC-MS\/MS-based method. Anticancer Research, 42(10), 5069\u20135076. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21873\/anticanres.16015","journal-title":"Anticancer Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"807_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1046\/J.1523-1747.1998.00436.X","volume":"111","author":"AR Young","year":"1998","unstructured":"Young, A. R., Chadwick, C. A., Harrison, G. I., Nikaido, O., Ramsden, J., & Potten, C. S. (1998). The similarity of action spectra for thymine dimers in human epidermis and erythema suggests that DNA is the chromophore for erythema. Journal Of Investigative Dermatology, 111(6), 982\u2013988. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/J.1523-1747.1998.00436.X","journal-title":"Journal Of Investigative Dermatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"807_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-16-0053","volume":"14","author":"E McAdam","year":"2016","unstructured":"McAdam, E., Brem, R., & Karran, P. (2016). Oxidative stress-induced proteindamageinhibits DNA repair and determines mutation risk and therapeutic efficacy. Molecular Cancer Research, 14(7), 612\u2013622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-16-0053","journal-title":"Molecular Cancer Research"},{"key":"807_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09453.x","volume":"161","author":"C Ulrich","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ulrich, C., J\u00fcrgensen, J. S., Degen, A., et al. (2009). Prevention of non-melanoma skin cancer in organ transplant patients by regular use of a sunscreen: A 24 months, prospective, case-control study. British Journal of Dermatology, 161, 78\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09453.x","journal-title":"British Journal of Dermatology"},{"issue":"16","key":"807_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199310143291602","volume":"329","author":"SC Thompson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Thompson, S. C., Jolley, D., & Marks, R. (1993). Reduction of solar keratoses by regular sunscreen use. New England Journal of Medicine, 329(16), 1147\u20131151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199310143291602","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"807_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07454.x","volume":"155","author":"F Ismail","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ismail, F., Mitchell, L., Casabonne, D., et al. (2006). Specialist dermatology clinics for organ transplant recipients significantly improve compliance with photoprotection and levels of skin cancer awareness. British Journal of Dermatology, 155(5), 916\u2013925. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07454.x","journal-title":"British Journal of Dermatology"},{"key":"807_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Parrado, C., Philips, N., Gilaberte, Y., Juarranz, A., & Gonz\u00e1lez, S. (2018). Oral photoprotection: Effective agents and potential candidates. Front Med (Lausanne), 5(JUN). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FMED.2018.00188\/FULL","DOI":"10.3389\/FMED.2018.00188\/FULL"},{"issue":"6","key":"807_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.06.027","volume":"51","author":"MA Middelkamp-Hup","year":"2004","unstructured":"Middelkamp-Hup, M. A., Pathak, M. A., Parrado, C., et al. (2004). Oral polypodium leucotomos extract decreases ultraviolet-induced damage of human skin. Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology, 51(6), 910\u2013918. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.06.027","journal-title":"Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"807_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1358\/mf.2006.28.3.985227","volume":"28","author":"F Garcia","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garcia, F., & PJP, GA, BA, MAMP, CSM, G. S. (2006). Phenolic components and antioxidant activity of Fernblock, an aqueous extract of the aerial parts of the fern polypodium leucotomos. Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, 28(3), 157.","journal-title":"Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"807_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2010.00746.x","volume":"86","author":"J Park","year":"2010","unstructured":"Park, J., Halliday, G. M., Surjana, D., & Damian, D. L. (2010). Nicotinamide prevents ultraviolet radiation-induced cellular energy loss. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 86(4), 942\u2013948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2010.00746.x","journal-title":"Photochemistry and Photobiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"807_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgt017","volume":"34","author":"D Surjana","year":"2013","unstructured":"Surjana, D., Halliday, G. M., & Damian, D. L. (2013). Nicotinamide enhances repair of ultraviolet radiation-induced DNA damage in human keratinocytes and ex vivo skin. Carcinogenesis, 34(5), 1144\u20131149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/carcin\/bgt017","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"807_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kansara, K., Gupta, S. S., (2017). DNA damage, repair, and maintenance of telomere length: Role of nutritional supplements. Mutagenicity: Assays and applications. 287\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-809252-1.00014-6","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-809252-1.00014-6"},{"issue":"3","key":"807_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.12631","volume":"58","author":"DL Damian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Damian, D. L. (2017). Nicotinamide for skin cancer chemoprevention. Australasian Journal of Dermatology Blackwell Publishing, 58(3), 174\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajd.12631","journal-title":"Australasian Journal of Dermatology Blackwell Publishing"},{"key":"807_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2023.112760","author":"C Pihl","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pihl, C., Bendtsen, K. M. S., Jensen, H. E., et al. (2023). Oral phytochemicals as photoprotectants in UVR exposed hairless mice: A study of hesperidin methyl chalcone, phloroglucinol, and syringic acid. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2023.112760","journal-title":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology"},{"key":"807_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103703","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PDPDT.2023.103703","volume":"43","author":"C Pihl","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pihl, C., Lerche, C. M., Andersen, F., Bjerring, P., & Haedersdal, M. (2023). Improving the efficacy of photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis: A comprehensive review of Pharmacological pretreatment strategies. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 43, 103703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.PDPDT.2023.103703","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"issue":"17","key":"807_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa1506197","volume":"373","author":"AC Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen, A. C., Martin, A. J., Choy, B., et al. (2015). A phase 3 randomized trial of nicotinamide for Skin-Cancer chemoprevention. New England Journal of Medicine, 373(17), 1618\u20131626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejmoa1506197","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"807_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1007\/s43630-021-00087-x","volume":"20","author":"A Pourang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pourang, A., Dourra, M., Ezekwe, N., Kohli, I., Hamzavi, I., & Lim, H. W. (2021). The potential effect of Polypodium leucotomos extract on ultraviolet- and visible light-induced photoaging. Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences Springer Nature, 20(9), 1229\u20131238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43630-021-00087-x","journal-title":"Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences Springer Nature"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"807_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.1999.tb00071.x","volume":"15","author":"MV Alcaraz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Alcaraz, M. V., Pathak, M. A., Rius, F., Kollias, N., & Gonz\u00e1lez, S. (1999). An extract of polypodium leucotomos appears to minimize certain photoaging changes in a hairless albino mouse animal model: A pilot study. Photodermatology, Photoimmunology, and Photomedicine, 15(3\u20134), 120\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0781.1999.tb00071.x","journal-title":"Photodermatology, Photoimmunology, and Photomedicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"807_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1358\/dot.2007.43.7.1062667","volume":"43","author":"S Gonzalez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gonzalez, S., Alonso-Lebrero, J. L., Del Rio, R., & Jaen, P. (2007). Polypodium leucotomos extract: A nutraceutical with photoprotective properties. Drugs Today (Barc), 43(7), 475\u2013485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1358\/dot.2007.43.7.1062667","journal-title":"Drugs Today (Barc)"},{"issue":"4","key":"807_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1039\/b9pp00156e","volume":"9","author":"S Gonzalez","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gonzalez, S., Gilaberte, Y., & Philips, N. (2010). Mechanistic insights in the use of a polypodium leucotomos extract as an oral and topical photoprotective agent. Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, 9(4), 559\u2013563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/b9pp00156e","journal-title":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences"},{"issue":"22","key":"807_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.5897\/jmpr2018.6651","volume":"12","author":"G Salvador","year":"2018","unstructured":"Salvador, G., Silvia, R. L., Pablo, D., & Angeles, J. (2018). Comparison of several hydrophilic extracts of Polypodium leucotomos reveals different antioxidant moieties and photoprotective effects in vitro. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 12(22), 336\u2013345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5897\/jmpr2018.6651","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research"},{"key":"807_CR26","unstructured":"Nestor, M. S., Berman, B., & Swenson, N. (2015). Safety and Efficacy of Oral Polypodium Leucotomos Extract in Healthy Adult Subjects. Vol 8."},{"issue":"1","key":"807_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(03)02732-4","volume":"50","author":"MA Middelkamp-Hup","year":"2004","unstructured":"Middelkamp-Hup, M. A., Pathak, M. A., Parrado, C., et al. (2004). Orally administered polypodium leucotomos extract decreases psoralen-UVA-induced phototoxicity, pigmentation, and damage of human skin. Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology, 50(1), 41\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0190-9622(03)02732-4","journal-title":"Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"807_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/s43630-024-00563-0","volume":"23","author":"CM Lerche","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lerche, C. M., Frederiksen, N. J. S., Thorsteinsson, I. S., et al. (2024). Urinary thymidine dimer excretion reflects personal ultraviolet radiation exposure levels. Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, 23(5), 919\u2013930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43630-024-00563-0","journal-title":"Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences"},{"key":"807_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2908108","author":"P Delgado-Wicke","year":"2020","unstructured":"Delgado-Wicke, P., Rodr\u00edguez-Luna, A., Ikeyama, Y., et al. (2020). Fernblock\u00ae upregulates NRF2 antioxidant pathway and protects keratinocytes from PM2.5-induced xenotoxic stress. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/2908108","journal-title":"Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"},{"issue":"10","key":"807_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2007.00603.x","volume":"16","author":"A Ja\u0144czyk","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ja\u0144czyk, A., Garcia-Lopez, M. A., Fernandez-Pe\u00f1as, P., et al. (2007). A polypodium leucotomos extract inhibits solar-simulated radiation-induced TNF-\u03b1 and iNOS expression, transcriptional activation and apoptosis. Experimental Dermatology, 16(10), 823\u2013829. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2007.00603.x","journal-title":"Experimental Dermatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"807_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1952","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.090351","volume":"175","author":"E Zattra","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zattra, E., Coleman, C., Arad, S., et al. (2009). Polypodium leucotomos extract decreases UV-induced Cox-2 expression and inflammation, enhances DNA repair, and decreases mutagenesis in hairless mice. American Journal of Pathology, 175(5), 1952\u20131961. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2353\/ajpath.2009.090351","journal-title":"American Journal of Pathology"},{"key":"807_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.01.044","volume":"77","author":"I Kohli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kohli, I., Shafi, R., & Isedeh, P. (2017). The impact of oral Polypodium leucotomos extract on ultraviolet B response: A human clinical study. Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology, 77, 33-41.e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.01.044","journal-title":"Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"807_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgn248","volume":"30","author":"E Yiasemides","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yiasemides, E., Sivapirabu, G., Halliday, G. M., Park, J., & Damian, D. L. (2009). Oral nicotinamide protects against ultraviolet radiation-induced immunosuppression in humans. Carcinogenesis, 30(1), 101\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/carcin\/bgn248","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"issue":"7709","key":"807_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)91873-3","volume":"297","author":"K Siersb\u00e6k-Nielsen","year":"1971","unstructured":"Siersb\u00e6k-Nielsen, K., o lholm Hansen, M., Kampmann, J., Kristensen, J., RAPID, M., & EVALUATION OF CREATININE CLEARANCE. (1971). The Lancet. ;297(7709):1133\u20131134. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)91873-3.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"17","key":"807_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198710223171717","volume":"317","author":"RD Mosteller","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mosteller, R. D. (1987). Simplified calculation of body-surface area. New England Journal of Medicine, 317(17), 1098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM198710223171717","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"807_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1039\/c3pp25451h","volume":"12","author":"T Douki","year":"2013","unstructured":"Douki, T. (2013). The variety of UV-induced pyrimidine dimeric photoproducts in DNA as shown by chromatographic quantification methods. Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences Royal Society of Chemistry, 12(8), 1286\u20131302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c3pp25451h","journal-title":"Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences Royal Society of Chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"807_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1111\/php.12994","volume":"95","author":"G Chhabra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chhabra, G., Garvey, D. R., Singh, C. K., Mintie, C. A., & Ahmad, N. (2019). Effects and mechanism of nicotinamide against UVA- and\/or UVB-mediated DNA damages in normal melanocytes. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 95(1), 331\u2013337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/php.12994","journal-title":"Photochemistry and Photobiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"807_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.10.012","volume":"142","author":"L Camillo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Camillo, L., Gironi, L. C., Zavattaro, E., Esposto, E., & Savoia, P. (2022). Nicotinamide attenuates UV-induced stress damage in human primary keratinocytes from cancerization fields. The Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 142(5), 1466-1477e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jid.2021.10.012","journal-title":"The Journal of Investigative Dermatology"},{"key":"807_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17071026","author":"C Parrado","year":"2016","unstructured":"Parrado, C., Mascaraque, M., Gilaberte, Y., Juarranz, A., & Gonzalez, S. (2016). Fernblock (Polypodium leucotomos extract): Molecular mechanisms and pleiotropic effects in light-related skin conditions, photoaging and skin cancers, a review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms17071026","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"807_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11112185","author":"M Gallego-Rentero","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gallego-Rentero, M., Nicol\u00e1s-Morala, J., Alonso-Juarranz, M., et al. (2022). Protective effect of the hydrophilic extract of polypodium leucotomos, Fernblock \u00ae, against the synergistic action of UVA radiation and benzo[a]pyrene pollutant. Antioxidants. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox11112185","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"807_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2010\/157591","author":"D Surjana","year":"2010","unstructured":"Surjana, D., Halliday, G. M., & Damian, D. L. (2010). Role of nicotinamide in DNA damage, mutagenesis, and DNA repair. Journal of Nucleic Acids. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4061\/2010\/157591","journal-title":"Journal of Nucleic Acids"}],"container-title":["Photochemical &amp; Photobiological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43630-025-00807-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43630-025-00807-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s43630-025-00807-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T12:23:49Z","timestamp":1781612629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s43630-025-00807-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["807"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43630-025-00807-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1474-905X","1474-9092"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1474-905X","type":"print"},{"value":"1474-9092","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Faisal A has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Philipsen PA has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Lerche CM has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Douki T has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Laursen FSW has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Granborg JR has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Bjerring P has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Haedersdal M has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Wiegell SR has no conflicts of interest to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Reviewed and approved by Regional Committee on Health Research Ethics, and Danish Health and Medicine Authority (approval # N-20230052) and The Danish Data Protection Agency.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}