{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T01:48:34Z","timestamp":1785808114208,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":65,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007051","name":"Uppsala University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Ment Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Smoking prevalence remains disproportionately high among individuals with psychiatric disorders. In Thailand, structured smoking cessation services are rarely embedded within routine psychiatric care. This pilot study describes the development and early evaluation of a pharmacist-led holistic smoking cessation clinic integrated into a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Northeastern Thailand.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This hospital-based service development project employed a two-phase design. Phase 1 involved stakeholder-informed co-design of the service model. Phase 2 consisted of pilot implementation among psychiatric outpatients with stable mental health status. During the recruitment period, 22 patients were screened and 18 were enrolled (intention-to-treat sample). The intervention combined pharmacologic support\u2014including nicotine gum (2\u00a0mg), cytisine (1.5\u00a0mg titration over 25 days when clinically appropriate), and\n                      <jats:italic>Cyanthillium cinereum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (formerly\n                      <jats:italic>Vernonia cinerea<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) herbal tea\u2014with behavioral counseling and multidisciplinary follow-up over 12 weeks. Primary outcomes included feasibility and acceptability; secondary outcomes assessed preliminary smoking-related and psychological indicators.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 18 enrolled participants, 15 completed the 12-week program. Recruitment (81.8%), retention (83.3%), and session adherence (88.9%) exceeded predefined feasibility thresholds. At Week 12, 7-day point prevalence abstinence was 44.4% (8\/18, intention-to-treat), and daily cigarette consumption significantly decreased. Patient satisfaction scores were high (mean 4.47\/5). No serious adverse events or psychiatric relapses were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This pilot service demonstrates that a pharmacist-led holistic smoking cessation model can be feasibly integrated into psychiatric care in a provincial Thai hospital. Further controlled studies are warranted to evaluate long-term effectiveness and scalability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s44192-026-00489-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T07:46:39Z","timestamp":1780299999000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A pilot study on implementing a pharmacist-led holistic smoking cessation clinic in a psychiatric hospital"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4895-5994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tirapada","family":"Kiatsangorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6372-9921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nitikorn","family":"Phoosuwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakarin","family":"Kaewhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somkid","family":"Somsiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekasak","family":"Raksachat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"489_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","volume":"3","author":"V Braun","year":"2006","unstructured":"Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Res Psychol. 2006;3(2):77\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa.","journal-title":"Qualitative Res Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"489_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.284985","volume":"311","author":"BL Cook","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cook BL, Wayne GF, Kafali EN, Liu Z, Shu C, Flores M. Trends in smoking among adults with mental illness and the association between mental health treatment and smoking cessation. J Am Med Assoc. 2014;311(2):172\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2013.284985.","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"489_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30047-5","volume":"6","author":"S Gilbody","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gilbody S, Peckham E, Bailey D, Arundel C, Heron P, Crosland S, Bradshaw T. Smoking cessation in severe mental illness: Combined long-term physical and mental health outcomes. Lancet Psychiatry. 2019;6(6):475\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30047-5.","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"489_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2025.07.004","volume":"21","author":"C Maxwell-Smith","year":"2025","unstructured":"Maxwell-Smith C, Breare H, Garcia D, Sim A, Blackford TF, K., Mullan BA. Pharmacists\u2019 barriers and enablers to delivering health behaviour recommendations for patients with behavioural determinants of disease: application of the COM-B model. 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All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. All participants were informed about the purpose and procedures of the service and provided verbal informed consent prior to participation. Participation was voluntary, and individuals were free to withdraw at any time without affecting their access to psychiatric care. All data were handled confidentially in accordance with institutional policies.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any identifiable individual data, images, or personal information requiring consent for publication.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"146"}}