{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,12]],"date-time":"2025-07-12T01:10:58Z","timestamp":1752282658643,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Glob Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\nThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection is causing significant morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. A comprehensive investigation of the disease characteristics, especially among vulnerable disease groups, could help better manage the disease and reduce the pathogen's effect. This retrospective study examined the impact of COVID-19 infection on three groups of patients with chronic diseases. We investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 535 COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and Cancer that were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Of the total cases, 433 patients (80.93%) were discharged from the ICU, and 102 patients (19.06%) were declared dead. Patients\u2019 symptoms, their clinical laboratory findings, number and type of medications, length of ICU stay, and outcome were collected and analyzed. Most COVID-19 patients included in our study were associated with other comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart disease and failure. Upon ICU admission, the main COVID-19-related symptoms in CVD, CKD, and cancer patients were cough (55.73, 50.42, and 50.5%, respectively), Shortness of Breath (SOB) (59.38, 43.1, and 43.7%, respectively), and fever (41.15%, 48.75%, and 28.2%, respectively). In terms of lab findings, D-dimer, LDH, and inflammatory markers, in particular, were outside the normal range. Treatment options for patients with COVID-19 in ICU were mainly antibiotics, synthetic glucocorticoids, and Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH). Furthermore, CKD patients had a longer ICU stay (13.93\u2009\u00b1\u200915.87\u00a0days) which illustrates the poorer outcome in this group of patients compared with the others. In conclusion, our results highlighted the significant risk factors among COVID-19 patients within the three groups. This can guide physicians in prioritizing ICU admission and help in the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s44197-023-00112-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T09:01:53Z","timestamp":1684400513000},"page":"313-321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Patients with Chronic Diseases Admitted to ICU: a Cohort Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Farah","family":"Alammari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Batla S.","family":"Al-Sowayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bayan","family":"Albdah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6006-2356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arwa A.","family":"Alsubait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"112_CR1","unstructured":"WHO. 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