{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:08:42Z","timestamp":1791414522590,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project","award":["National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Glob Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study aims to conduct an extensive analysis of autoimmune bullous diseases, particularly pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid, in Shanghai, China, from 2016 to 2023. It seeks to understand the demographic profiles, comorbidities, mortality rates, risk factors, and socioeconomic impacts associated with autoimmune bullous disease.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A cross-sectional study design was employed, enrolling 1,072 patients. Diagnostic measures included clinical manifestations, histopathology, direct immunofluorescence, and serologic tests. The study also involved a detailed socioeconomic analysis and evaluation of occupational risks.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The findings highlight a significant occupational risk in industries requiring enhanced safety measures, with a notable prevalence of autoimmune bullous disease among workers in these sectors. A considerable portion of the patients were from low-income backgrounds with limited literacy, indicating the economic burden of autoimmune bullous disease. A key discovery of the study is the potential pathological link between autoimmune bullous disease and interstitial lung disease.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This research, one of the first comprehensive studies on autoimmune bullous disease in China, underscores the need for targeted healthcare strategies and further investigation into autoimmune bullous disease, particularly its relationship with interstitial lung disease.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s44197-024-00277-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T12:01:45Z","timestamp":1721649705000},"page":"513-523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Epidemiological Insights into Autoimmune Bullous Diseases in China: A Comprehensive Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Zihua","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lanting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanping","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiqing","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyu","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingyun","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanqiu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"277_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)31778-7","volume":"394","author":"E Schmidt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schmidt E, Kasperkiewicz M, Joly P, Pemphigus. Lancet (London England). 2019;394:882\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)31778-7.","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"277_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17026","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.26","volume":"3","author":"M Kasperkiewicz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kasperkiewicz M, et al. Nat Reviews Disease Primers. 2017;3:17026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2017.26. Pemphigus.","journal-title":"Nat Reviews Disease Primers"},{"key":"277_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(12)61140-4","volume":"381","author":"E Schmidt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schmidt E, Zillikens D. Pemphigoid diseases. Lancet (London England). 2013;381:320\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(12)61140-4.","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"277_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.20743","volume":"186","author":"M Persson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Persson M, et al. The global incidence of bullous pemphigoid: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Dermatol. 2022;186:414\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.20743.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.07.042","volume":"139","author":"L Jelti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jelti L, et al. Incidence and mortality of Pemphigus in France. J Invest Dermatol. 2019;139:469\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jid.2018.07.042.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.07.013","volume":"136","author":"F H\u00fcbner","year":"2016","unstructured":"H\u00fcbner F, Recke A, Zillikens D, Linder R, Schmidt E. Prevalence and age distribution of Pemphigus and Pemphigoid diseases in Germany. J Invest Dermatol. 2016;136:2495\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jid.2016.07.013.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kridin K, Ludwig R. The growing incidence of Bullous Pemphigoid: overview and potential explanations. Front Med. 2018;5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2018.00220.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00220"},{"key":"277_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-018-8986-7","volume":"66","author":"K Kridin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kridin K. Pemphigus group: overview, epidemiology, mortality, and comorbidities. Immunol Res. 2018;66:255\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12026-018-8986-7.","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"277_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a180","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a180","volume":"337","author":"S Langan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Langan S, et al. Bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris\u2013incidence and mortality in the UK: population based cohort study. BMJ. 2008;337:a180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.a180.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"277_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e535","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18700","volume":"37","author":"K Boch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boch K, et al. Mortality in eight autoimmune bullous diseases: a global large-scale retrospective cohort study. J Eur Acad Dermatology Venereology: JEADV. 2023;37:e535\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.18700.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatology Venereology: JEADV"},{"key":"277_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.5240","volume":"152","author":"D Hsu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hsu D, Brieva J, Silverberg J. Costs of care for hospitalization for Pemphigus in the United States. JAMA Dermatology. 2016;152:645\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.5240.","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatology"},{"key":"277_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hsien-Yi C, Jen C, Yu C, Jr L, Tsen-Fang T. National trends in incidence, mortality, hospitalizations, and expenditures for pemphigus in Taiwan. J Dermatol Sci. 2020;99. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2020.08.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2020.08.002"},{"key":"277_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1996.03890260105016","volume":"132","author":"J Bystryn","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bystryn J, Steinman N. The adjuvant therapy of pemphigus. An update. Arch Dermatol. 1996;132:203\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archderm.1996.03890260105016.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"John W, F., D\u00e9d\u00e9e F. Corticosteroid use in autoimmune blistering diseases. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2012;32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iac.2012.04.008.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2012.04.008"},{"key":"277_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(17)30070-3","volume":"389","author":"P Joly","year":"2017","unstructured":"Joly P, et al. First-line rituximab combined with short-term prednisone versus prednisone alone for the treatment of pemphigus (Ritux 3): a prospective, multicentre, parallel-group, open-label randomised trial. Lancet (London England). 2017;389:2031\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(17)30070-3.","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"277_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15648","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15648","volume":"35","author":"J Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang J, et al. Dupilumab combined with low-dose systemic steroid therapy improves efficacy and safety for bullous pemphigoid. Dermatol Ther. 2022;35:e15648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dth.15648.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"277_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang L, Chen Z, Wang L, Luo X. Bullous pemphigoid: the role of type 2 inflammation in its pathogenesis and the prospect of targeted therapy. Front Immunol. 2023;14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1115083.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1115083"},{"key":"277_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16752","volume":"34","author":"P Joly","year":"2020","unstructured":"Joly P, et al. Updated S2K guidelines on the management of pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus initiated by the European academy of dermatology and venereology (EADV). J Eur Acad Dermatology Venereology: JEADV. 2020;34:1900\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.16752.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatology Venereology: JEADV"},{"key":"277_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18220","volume":"36","author":"L Borradori","year":"2022","unstructured":"Borradori L, et al. Updated S2 K guidelines for the management of bullous pemphigoid initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV). J Eur Acad Dermatology Venereology: JEADV. 2022;36:1689\u2013704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.18220.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatology Venereology: JEADV"},{"key":"277_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(22)01052-2","volume":"400","author":"M Wijsenbeek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wijsenbeek M, Suzuki A, Maher T. Interstitial lung diseases. Lancet (London England). 2022;400:769\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(22)01052-2.","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"277_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202202-0399ST","volume":"205","author":"G Raghu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Raghu G, et al. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (an update) and progressive pulmonary fibrosis in adults: an Official ATS\/ERS\/JRS\/ALAT Clinical Practice Guideline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2022;205:e18\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.202202-0399ST.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"277_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1993.tb01441.x","volume":"32","author":"P Jin","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jin P, Shao C, Ye G. Chronic bullous dermatoses in China. Int J Dermatol. 1993;32:89\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1993.tb01441.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02292.x","volume":"43","author":"A Nanda","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nanda A, Dvorak R, Al-Saeed K, Al-Sabah H, Alsaleh Q. Spectrum of autoimmune bullous diseases in Kuwait. Int J Dermatol. 2004;43:876\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02292.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04801.x","volume":"50","author":"I Zaraa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zaraa I, et al. Spectrum of autoimmune blistering dermatoses in Tunisia: an 11-year study and a review of the literature. Int J Dermatol. 2011;50:939\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04801.x.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rosi-Schumacher M, Baker J, Waris J, Seiffert-Sinha K, Sinha A. Worldwide epidemiologic factors in pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Front Immunol. 2023;14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1159351.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1159351"},{"key":"277_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12806","volume":"170","author":"S Cai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cai S, et al. Mortality of bullous pemphigoid in Singapore: risk factors and causes of death in 359 patients seen at the National skin centre. Br J Dermatol. 2014;170:1319\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.12806.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.249","volume":"132","author":"Y Huang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Huang Y, Kuo C, Chen Y, Yang Y. Incidence, mortality, and causes of death of patients with pemphigus in Taiwan: a nationwide population-based study. J Invest Dermatol. 2012;132:92\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jid.2011.249.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09350.x","volume":"161","author":"S Langan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Langan S, Hubbard R, Fleming K, West J. A population-based study of acute medical conditions associated with bullous pemphigoid. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161:1149\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09350.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"N T, S, V., J, K., J, K., V K. Epidemiology of pemphigus in Sofia, Bulgaria. A 16-year retrospective study (1980\u20131995). Int J Dermatol. 2000;39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00864.x.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00864.x"},{"key":"277_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"K P K. Environmental factors influencing the biologic behavior of patterns of pemphigus vulgaris: epidemiologic approach. Int J Dermatol. 1995;34. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1995.tb01563.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1995.tb01563.x"},{"key":"277_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"P A. Pemphigus Vulgaris and season: are they really related or not? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010;25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03867.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03867.x"},{"key":"277_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moro F, Fania L, Sinagra J, Salemme A, Di Zenzo G. Bullous Pemphigoid: trigger and predisposing factors. Biomolecules. 2020;10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom10101432.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10101432"},{"key":"277_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.357","volume":"131","author":"S Langan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Langan S, Groves R, West J. The relationship between neurological disease and bullous pemphigoid: a population-based case-control study. J Invest Dermatol. 2011;131:631\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jid.2010.357.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2074","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17465","volume":"35","author":"K Kridin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kridin K, H\u00fcbner F, Recke A, Linder R, Schmidt E. The burden of neurological comorbidities in six autoimmune bullous diseases: a population-based study. J Eur Acad Dermatology Venereology: JEADV. 2021;35:2074\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.17465.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatology Venereology: JEADV"},{"key":"277_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"adv00888","DOI":"10.2340\/actadv.v103.3979","volume":"103","author":"S Baum","year":"2023","unstructured":"Baum S, Steinberg S, Tzanani I, Barzilai A, Lyakhovitsky A, Prevalence. Spectrum and clinical implications of malignancies in patients with Bullous Pemphigoid. Acta dermato-venereologica. 2023;103:adv00888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/actadv.v103.3979.","journal-title":"Acta dermato-venereologica"},{"key":"277_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.547","volume":"135","author":"F Schulze","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schulze F, et al. Malignancies in pemphigus and pemphigoid diseases. J Invest Dermatol. 2015;135:1445\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jid.2014.547.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17197","volume":"180","author":"C Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen C, Hu H, Chang Y, Li C, Wu C. Cancer is not a risk factor for bullous pemphigoid: 10-year population-based cohort study. Br J Dermatol. 2019;180:553\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.17197.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"277_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.12342","volume":"29","author":"Y Bai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bai Y, Chu J, Xiao T, Chen H. Pemphigus Vulgaris-associated interstitial lung disease. Dermatol Ther. 2016;29:228\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dth.12342.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"277_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Joy G, et al. Prevalence, imaging patterns and risk factors of interstitial lung disease in connective tissue disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respiratory Review: Official J Eur Respiratory Soc. 2023;32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/16000617.0210-2022.","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0210-2022"},{"key":"277_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000178730.34564.c7","volume":"25","author":"D Gamm","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gamm D, et al. Mucous membrane pemphigoid with fatal bronchial involvement in a seventeen-year-old girl. Cornea. 2006;25:474\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ico.0000178730.34564.c7.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"277_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.267.11.1500","volume":"267","author":"S Fullerton","year":"1992","unstructured":"Fullerton S, Woodley D, Smoller B, Anhalt G. Paraneoplastic pemphigus with autoantibody deposition in bronchial epithelium after autologous bone marrow transplantation. JAMA. 1992;267:1500\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.267.11.1500.","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44197-024-00277-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44197-024-00277-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44197-024-00277-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T10:12:23Z","timestamp":1727691143000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44197-024-00277-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["277"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44197-024-00277-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-6014"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-6014","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study had approval from the institutional ethics committee of Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University (KY2016-398). Each participant s had been informed the purpose and content of the study before interviews.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}