{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T03:58:06Z","timestamp":1785729486588,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011457","name":"State Key Laboratory of Soil Plant Machinery System Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011457","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Adv. Biotechnol."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    N\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    -methyladenosine (m\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    A), the most prevalent internal mRNA modification, regulates plant development and stress responses through modulating various mRNA metabolic processes and epigenetic effects. Although well studied in animals, its roles in plant\u2013virus interactions have only recently begun to be elucidated. Multiple plant viruses carry m\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    A modifications on their RNAs, validated by MeRIP-seq, LC\u2013MS\/MS, and direct RNA sequencing. Viral RNAs acquire m\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    A through the recruitment or relocalization of host methyltransferase complexes, which is often mediated by viral proteins. Functionally, m\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    A can restrict infection by promoting viral RNA decay via YTH-domain readers and RNA surveillance pathways, or alternatively stabilize viral RNAs to enhance replication and systemic spread. In turn, viruses disrupt the functionality of host m\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    A machinery to promote infection. Moreover, viral infection reprograms host m\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    A homeostasis, altering methylation landscapes in immune and hormone pathways. These findings establish m\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    A as a dynamic epitranscriptomic switch in plant-virus interactions, with promising implications for antiviral strategies and crop improvement.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s44307-026-00100-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T07:08:40Z","timestamp":1772780920000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The expanding role of m6A RNA modification in plant-virus dynamics: friend, foe, or both?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Jia-Hui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0527-5866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng-Guo","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"100_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.17.00833","volume":"30","author":"L Arribas-Hernandez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arribas-Hernandez L, Bressendorff S, Hansen MH, Poulsen C, Erdmann S, Brodersen P. An m(6)A-YTH module controls developmental timing and morphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2018;30:952\u201367.","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"100_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46278-9","volume":"15","author":"B Baquero-Perez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Baquero-Perez B, Yonchev ID, Delgado-Tejedor A, Medina R, Puig-Torrents M, Sudbery I, et al. N(6)-methyladenosine modification is not a general trait of viral RNA genomes. Nat Commun. 2024;15:1964.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"100_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3724","volume":"15","author":"Y Fu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fu Y, Dominissini D, Rechavi G, He C. Gene expression regulation mediated through reversible m(6)A RNA methylation. Nat Rev Genet. 2014;15:293\u2013306.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"100_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-021-03289-8","volume":"21","author":"Y He","year":"2021","unstructured":"He Y, Li L, Yao Y, Li Y, Zhang H, Fan M. Transcriptome-wide N6-methyladenosine (m(6)A) methylation in watermelon under CGMMV infection. BMC Plant Biol. 2021;21:516.","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol"},{"key":"100_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s42994-023-00097-6","volume":"4","author":"H He","year":"2023","unstructured":"He H, Ge L, Li Z, Zhou X, Li F. Pepino mosaic virus antagonizes plant m(6)A modification by promoting the autophagic degradation of the m(6)A writer HAKAI. aBIOTECH. 2023a;4:83\u201396.","journal-title":"aBIOTECH"},{"key":"100_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s44154-023-00133-x","volume":"3","author":"H He","year":"2023","unstructured":"He H, Jia M, Liu J, Zhou X, Li F. Roles of RNA m(6)A modifications in plant-virus interactions. Stress Biol. 2023b;3:57.","journal-title":"Stress Biol"},{"key":"100_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-022-2377-1","volume":"67","author":"H He","year":"2024","unstructured":"He H, Ge L, Chen Y, Zhao S, Li Z, Zhou X, et al. m(6)A modification of plant virus enables host recognition by NMD factors in plants. Sci China Life Sci. 2024;67:161\u201374.","journal-title":"Sci China Life Sci"},{"key":"100_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03658-2","volume":"9","author":"F Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li F, Zhang C, Li Y, Wu G, Hou X, Zhou X, et al. Beclin1 restricts RNA virus infection in plants through suppression and degradation of the viral polymerase. Nat Commun. 2018a;9:1268.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"100_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li J, Luo J, He H, Wang F, Wu H, Zhao C, Song R, Song B. Transcription factor NFYA3_0 promotes MTA-mediated m(6)A modification of PVY genomic RNA to confer antiviral resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana. Plant Commun. 2026;7:101584.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xplc.2025.101584"},{"key":"100_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70604","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.70604","volume":"124","author":"X Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li X, Wu L, Wang H, Zhang J, Jing X, Zhang Z, et al. N(6)-methyladenosine and poly(A) tail-mediated posttranscriptional regulation in bamboo mosaic virus-Dendrocalamus latiflorus interactions. Plant J. 2025;124:e70604.","journal-title":"Plant J"},{"key":"100_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-018-0997-4","volume":"15","author":"Z Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li Z, Shi J, Yu L, Zhao X, Ran L, Hu D, et al. N (6) -methyl-adenosine level in Nicotiana tabacum is associated with tobacco mosaic virus. Virol J. 2018b;15:87.","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"100_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16011","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.11","volume":"1","author":"G Lichinchi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lichinchi G, Gao S, Saletore Y, Gonzalez GM, Bansal V, Wang Y, et al. Dynamics of the human and viral m(6)A RNA methylomes during HIV-1 infection of T cells. Nat Microbiol. 2016a;1:16011.","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"100_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.10.002","volume":"20","author":"G Lichinchi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lichinchi G, Zhao BS, Wu Y, Lu Z, Qin Y, He C, et al. Dynamics of human and viral RNA methylation during Zika virus infection. Cell Host Microbe. 2016b;20:666\u201373.","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"100_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10378","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-65355-1","volume":"16","author":"JH Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu JH, Lin Y, Li YX, Lang Z, Zhang Z, Duan CG. A mutually antagonistic mechanism mediated by RNA m(6)A modification in plant-virus interactions. Nat Commun. 2025;16:10378.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"100_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10755","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1703139114","volume":"114","author":"M Martinez-Perez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martinez-Perez M, Aparicio F, Lopez-Gresa MP, Belles JM, Sanchez-Navarro JA, Pallas V. Arabidopsis m(6)A demethylase activity modulates viral infection of a plant virus and the m(6)A abundance in its genomic RNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114:10755\u201360.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"100_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745576","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.745576","volume":"12","author":"M Martinez-Perez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Martinez-Perez M, Gomez-Mena C, Alvarado-Marchena L, Nadi R, Micol JL, Pallas V, et al. The m(6)A RNA demethylase ALKBH9B plays a critical role for vascular movement of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus in Arabidopsis. Front Microbiol. 2021;12:745576.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"100_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e113378","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2022113378","volume":"42","author":"M Martinez-Perez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Martinez-Perez M, Aparicio F, Arribas-Hernandez L, Tankmar MD, Rennie S, von Bulow S, et al. Plant YTHDF proteins are direct effectors of antiviral immunity against an N6-methyladenosine-containing RNA virus. EMBO J. 2023;42:e113378.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"100_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2020.11.008","volume":"46","author":"MJ McFadden","year":"2021","unstructured":"McFadden MJ, Horner SM. N(6)-methyladenosine regulates host responses to viral infection. Trends Biochem Sci. 2021;46:366\u201377.","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"100_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2025.07.019","volume":"70","author":"F Pan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pan F, Jing J, Qiu Y, Li M, Zhou X, Li S. Epi-transcriptome analysis reveals the lack of N(6)-methyladenosine modifications in two RNA viruses infecting watermelon. Sci Bull (Beijing). 2025;70:3960\u20133.","journal-title":"Sci Bull (Beijing)"},{"key":"100_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peng D, Dong L, Wang P, Zang L, Xie J, Wang H, Li X, Fan Z, Zhou T, Du K. Potyviruses recruit host eIF4A3 to block m6A-mediated RNA decay by steric hindrance of viral RNA methylation in plants. Nucleic Acids Res. 2026;54:gkaf1432.","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaf1432"},{"issue":"998\u20131018","key":"100_CR21","first-page":"e1026","volume":"188","author":"G Quarto","year":"2025","unstructured":"Quarto G, Li Greci A, Bizet M, Penning A, Primac I, Murisier F, et al. Fine-tuning of gene expression through the Mettl3-Mettl14-Dnmt1 axis controls ESC differentiation. Cell. 2025;188(998\u20131018):e1026.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"100_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0159824","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01598-24","volume":"99","author":"N Secco","year":"2025","unstructured":"Secco N, Sheikh AH, Hirt H. Insights into the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in plant-virus interactions. J Virol. 2025;99:e0159824.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"100_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-025-01945-7","volume":"11","author":"Y Shao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shao Y, Ma J, Zhang S, Xu Y, Yu H. NERD-dependent m(6)A modification of the nascent FLC transcript regulates flowering time in Arabidopsis. Nat Plants. 2025;11:468\u201382.","journal-title":"Nat Plants"},{"key":"100_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-arplant-071122-085813","volume":"74","author":"B Sharma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sharma B, Prall W, Bhatia G, Gregory BD. The diversity and functions of plant RNA modifications: what we know and where we go from here. Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2023;74:53\u201385.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Plant Biol"},{"key":"100_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-025-01947-5","volume":"11","author":"L Shen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shen L, Yu H. RNA m(6)A modification meets plant hormones. Nat Plants. 2025;11:686\u201395.","journal-title":"Nat Plants"},{"key":"100_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2016.06.008","volume":"38","author":"L Shen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shen L, Liang Z, Gu X, Chen Y, Teo ZW, Hou X, et al. N(6)-methyladenosine RNA modification regulates shoot stem cell fate in Arabidopsis. Dev Cell. 2016;38:186\u2013200.","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"100_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6310","DOI":"10.1038\/s44318-024-00299-8","volume":"43","author":"K Thombare","year":"2024","unstructured":"Thombare K, Vaid R, Pucci P, Ihrmark Lundberg K, Ayyalusamy R, Baig MH, et al. METTL3\/MYCN cooperation drives neural crest differentiation and provides therapeutic vulnerability in neuroblastoma. EMBO J. 2024;43:6310\u201335.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"100_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.103.028050","volume":"134","author":"L Vespa","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vespa L, Vachon G, Berger F, Perazza D, Faure JD, Herzog M. The immunophilin-interacting protein AtFIP37 from Arabidopsis is essential for plant development and is involved in trichome endoreduplication. Plant Physiol. 2004;134:1283\u201392.","journal-title":"Plant Physiol"},{"key":"100_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiad112","volume":"192","author":"S Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang S, Wang H, Xu Z, Jiang S, Shi Y, Xie H, et al. m6A mRNA modification promotes chilling tolerance and modulates gene translation efficiency in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2023;192:1466\u201382.","journal-title":"Plant Physiol"},{"key":"100_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2411554122","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2411554122","volume":"122","author":"Q Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang Q, Xu S, Shen W, Wei Y, Han L, Wang Z, et al. N6-methyladnosine of vRNA facilitates influenza A virus replication by promoting the interaction of vRNA with polymerase proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025;122:e2411554122.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"100_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-virology-092818-015559","volume":"6","author":"GD Williams","year":"2019","unstructured":"Williams GD, Gokhale NS, Horner SM. Regulation of viral infection by the RNA modification N6-methyladenosine. Annu Rev Virol. 2019;6:235\u201353.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Virol"},{"key":"100_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-024-01638-7","volume":"10","author":"X Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu X, Su T, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Wong CE, Ma J, et al. N(6)-methyladenosine-mediated feedback regulation of abscisic acid perception via phase-separated ECT8 condensates in Arabidopsis. Nat Plants. 2024;10:469\u201382.","journal-title":"Nat Plants"},{"key":"100_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2025.116414","volume":"44","author":"J Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang J, Yang Y, Zhang X, Yan C, Jiang L, Zhang D, et al. HDAC2-mediated recruitment of METTL3 to chromatin regulates human embryonic stem cell differentiation. Cell Rep. 2025;44:116414.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"100_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.13239","volume":"23","author":"J Yue","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yue J, Wei Y, Sun Z, Chen Y, Wei X, Wang H, et al. AlkB RNA demethylase homologues and N(6) -methyladenosine are involved in Potyvirus infection. Mol Plant Pathol. 2022;23:1555\u201364.","journal-title":"Mol Plant Pathol"},{"key":"100_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zang Y, Qiao JH, Liu DS, Gao DM, Zhang XW, Pan TT, Yang YZ, Wang XB, Gao Q. The barley m6A demethylase HvALKBH1B undergoes phase separation to enhance immunity to a plant rhabdovirus. Plant Cell. 2025;37:koaf210.","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koaf210"},{"key":"100_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-021-02410-2","volume":"22","author":"K Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang K, Zhuang X, Dong Z, Xu K, Chen X, Liu F, et al. The dynamics of N(6)-methyladenine RNA modification in interactions between rice and plant viruses. Genome Biol. 2021a;22:189.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"100_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656302","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.656302","volume":"12","author":"TY Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang TY, Wang ZQ, Hu HC, Chen ZQ, Liu P, Gao SQ, et al. Transcriptome-wide N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A) profiling of susceptible and resistant wheat varieties reveals the involvement of variety-specific m(6)A modification involved in virus-host interaction pathways. Front Microbiol. 2021b;12:656302.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"100_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6576","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-34362-x","volume":"13","author":"T Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang T, Shi C, Hu H, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Chen Z, et al. N6-methyladenosine RNA modification promotes viral genomic RNA stability and infection. Nat Commun. 2022;13:6576.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"100_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.108.058883","volume":"20","author":"S Zhong","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhong S, Li H, Bodi Z, Button J, Vespa L, Herzog M, et al. MTA is an Arabidopsis messenger RNA adenosine methylase and interacts with a homolog of a sex-specific splicing factor. Plant Cell. 2008;20:1278\u201388.","journal-title":"Plant Cell"}],"container-title":["Advanced Biotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44307-026-00100-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44307-026-00100-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44307-026-00100-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T07:08:41Z","timestamp":1772780921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44307-026-00100-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["100"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44307-026-00100-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2948-2801"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2948-2801","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 February 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 February 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors agreed with the content and that all gave explicit consent to\u00a0submit.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Hao Yu is a member of the Editorial Board for Advanced Biotechnology but he is not involved in the journal\u2019s review and decisions related to this\u00a0manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"7"}}