{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:14:19Z","timestamp":1783696459090,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key R&D Program of China","award":["2022YFC3502502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3502502"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","award":["L248023, JQ20029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L248023, JQ20029"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82071000, 82471113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071000, 82471113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Capital health research and development of special grant","award":["2024-2G-1081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-2G-1081"]}]},{"name":"the Excellent Youth Talents Program of Capital Medical University","award":["A2307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A2307"]}]},{"name":"the Beijing New-star Plan of Science and Technology Cross-cooperation Project","award":["20250484983"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20250484983"]}]},{"name":"the National Outstanding Young Physician Project; the Beijing High-Level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Support Program Leading Talent Projects","award":["G202512030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G202512030"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s44402-026-00082-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T15:26:25Z","timestamp":1776266785000},"page":"661-670","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nasotemporal Asymmetry in Ocular Biometry as a Biomarker for Myopia Progression in Chinese Children"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Tianli","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ningli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Atchison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi-Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"82_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006","volume":"123","author":"BA Holden","year":"2016","unstructured":"Holden BA, Fricke TR, Wilson DA, Jong M, Naidoo KS, Sankaridurg P, et al. Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050. Ophthalmology. 2016;123:1036\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"82_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.09.004","volume":"62","author":"IG Morgan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Morgan IG, French AN, Ashby RS, Guo X, Ding X, He M, et al. The epidemics of myopia: aetiology and prevention. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2018;62:134\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.09.004.","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"82_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M106","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25958","volume":"60","author":"CF Wildsoet","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wildsoet CF, Chia A, Cho P, Guggenheim JA, Polling JR, Read S, et al. IMI - International Myopia Institute: interventions for controlling myopia onset and progression report. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2019;60:M106\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.18-25958.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2698","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-1506","volume":"46","author":"DA Atchison","year":"2005","unstructured":"Atchison DA, Pritchard N, Schmid KL, Scott DH, Jones CE, Pope JM. Shape of the retinal surface in emmetropia and myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005;46:2698\u2013707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.04-1506.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2012.00906.x","volume":"32","author":"PK Verkicharla","year":"2012","unstructured":"Verkicharla PK, Mathur A, Mallen EA, Pope JM, Atchison DA. Eye shape and retinal shape, and their relation to peripheral refraction. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2012;32:184\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2012.00906.x.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"82_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1097\/icl.0000000000000571","volume":"45","author":"S Matsumura","year":"2019","unstructured":"Matsumura S, Kuo AN, Saw SM. An update of eye shape and myopia. Eye Contact Lens. 2019;45:279\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/icl.0000000000000571.","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"82_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2024.2419672","volume":"50","author":"L Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang L, Peng T, Cai ZN, Hua ZY, Li H, Tu Y, et al. Four-year longitudinal investigation of the relationship between myopia and retinal shape in Chinese children: The Anyang Childhood Eye Study. Curr Eye Res. 2024;50:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02713683.2024.2419672.","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"82_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.8.002386","volume":"8","author":"JM Pope","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pope JM, Verkicharla PK, Sepehrband F, Suheimat M, Schmid KL, Atchison DA. Three-dimensional MRI study of the relationship between eye dimensions, retinal shape and myopia. Biomed Opt Express. 2017;8:2386\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/boe.8.002386.","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"82_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12850","volume":"41","author":"S Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu S, Hu Y, Cui D, Zhao F, Jiang J, Feng Z, et al. Association between the posterior ocular contour pattern and progression of myopia in children: a prospective study based on OCT imaging. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2021;41:1087\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.12850.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"82_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.66.9.37","volume":"66","author":"Y Wu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wu Y, Liu X, Qian W, Yu Y, Wu S, Ni B, et al. Longitudinal study of changes in retinal curvature and its relationship with myopia shift in Chinese children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025;66:37 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.66.9.37.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8878","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7269","volume":"52","author":"LS Lim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lim LS, Yang X, Gazzard G, Lin X, Sng C, Saw SM, et al. Variations in eye volume, surface area, and shape with refractive error in young children by magnetic resonance imaging analysis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:8878\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.11-7269.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.65.13.22","volume":"65","author":"B Tan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tan B, Shah JN, McNabb RP, Jayaraman S, Wong D, Chua J, et al. Distortion-corrected posterior ocular shape in myopic eyes assessed by ultrawide OCT detects deformations associated with vision-threatening changes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2024;65:22 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.65.13.22.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/iae.0000000000004281","volume":"45","author":"C Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li C, Wu H, Xiao O, Xiong R, Guo X, Chen Y, et al. Eye shape deformity predicts myopic maculopathy progression among highly myopic individuals: a 4-year longitudinal study. Retina. 2025;45:52\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/iae.0000000000004281.","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"82_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-315020","volume":"104","author":"LS Lim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lim LS, Matsumura S, Htoon HM, Tian J, Lim SB, Sensaki S, et al. MRI of posterior eye shape and its associations with myopia and ethnicity. Br J Ophthalmol. 2020;104:1239\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-315020.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"82_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.10.031","volume":"123","author":"T Wakazono","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wakazono T, Yamashiro K, Miyake M, Nakanishi H, Oishi A, Ooto S, et al. Association between eye shape and myopic traction maculopathy in high myopia. Ophthalmology. 2016;123:919\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.10.031.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"82_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e107923","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0107923","volume":"9","author":"M Miyake","year":"2014","unstructured":"Miyake M, Yamashiro K, Akagi-Kurashige Y, Oishi A, Tsujikawa A, Hangai M, et al. Analysis of fundus shape in highly myopic eyes by using curvature maps constructed from optical coherence tomography. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e107923 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0107923.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"82_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5455","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-24754","volume":"59","author":"T Wakazono","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wakazono T, Yamashiro K, Miyake M, Hata M, Miyata M, Uji A, et al. Time-course change in eye shape and development of staphyloma in highly myopic eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018;59:5455\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.18-24754.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.9.28","volume":"63","author":"PL M\u00fcller","year":"2022","unstructured":"M\u00fcller PL, Kihara Y, Olvera-Barrios A, Warwick AN, Egan C, Williams KM, et al. Quantification and predictors of OCT-based macular curvature and dome-shaped configuration: results from the UK biobank. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2022;63:28 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.63.9.28.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318278153c","volume":"90","author":"M Faria-Ribeiro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Faria-Ribeiro M, Queir\u00f3s A, Lopes-Ferreira D, Jorge J, Gonz\u00e1lez-M\u00e9ijome JM. Peripheral refraction and retinal contour in stable and progressive myopia. Optom Vis Sci. 2013;90:9\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318278153c.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3182152646","volume":"88","author":"GF Schmid","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schmid GF. Association between retinal steepness and central myopic shift in children. Optom Vis Sci. 2011;88:684\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3182152646.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6162","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-17200","volume":"56","author":"DA Atchison","year":"2015","unstructured":"Atchison DA, Li SM, Li H, Li SY, Liu LR, Kang MT, et al. Relative peripheral hyperopia does not predict development and progression of myopia in children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56:6162\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.15-17200.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13097","volume":"43","author":"DA Atchison","year":"2023","unstructured":"Atchison DA, Rozema JJ. Technical notes on peripheral refraction, peripheral eye length and retinal shape determination. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2023;43:584\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.13097.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"82_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3091","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-26247","volume":"60","author":"J Rozema","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rozema J, Dankert S, Iribarren R, Lanca C, Saw SM. Axial growth and lens power loss at myopia onset in Singaporean children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2019;60:3091\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.18-26247.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.01.017","volume":"119","author":"F Xiang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xiang F, He M, Morgan IG. Annual changes in refractive errors and ocular components before and after the onset of myopia in Chinese children. Ophthalmology. 2012;119:1478\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.01.017.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"82_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2510","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0562","volume":"48","author":"DO Mutti","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mutti DO, Hayes JR, Mitchell GL, Jones LA, Moeschberger ML, Cotter SA, et al. Refractive error, axial length, and relative peripheral refractive error before and after the onset of myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007;48:2510\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.06-0562.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.3109\/09286586.2013.842596","volume":"20","author":"SM Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li SM, Liu LR, Li SY, Ji YZ, Fu J, Wang Y, et al. Design, methodology and baseline data of a school-based cohort study in central China: The Anyang Childhood Eye Study. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2013;20:348\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/09286586.2013.842596.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"82_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.66.12.27","volume":"66","author":"N Tahhan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tahhan N, Bullimore MA, He X, Ostrin LA, Gawne TJ, Gifford KL, et al. IMI-2025 Digest. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025;66:27 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.66.12.27.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.1995.9598243g.x","volume":"15","author":"MC Dunne","year":"1995","unstructured":"Dunne MCM. A computing scheme for determination of retinal contour from peripheral refraction, keratometry and a-scan ultrasonography. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1995;15:133\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1475-1313.1995.9598243g.x.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"82_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3235","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.6.003235","volume":"6","author":"PK Verkicharla","year":"2015","unstructured":"Verkicharla PK, Suheimat M, Pope JM, Sepehrband F, Mathur A, Schmid KL, et al. Validation of a partial coherence interferometry method for estimating retinal shape. Biomed Opt Express. 2015;6:3235\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/boe.6.003235.","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"82_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3577","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-16428","volume":"56","author":"SM Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li SM, Wang N, Zhou Y, Li SY, Kang MT, Liu LR, et al. Paraxial schematic eye models for 7- and 14-year-old Chinese children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56:3577\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.15-16428.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s41666-022-00119-w","volume":"6","author":"SK Paul","year":"2022","unstructured":"Paul SK, Ling J, Samanta M, Montvida O. Robustness of multiple imputation methods for missing risk factor data from electronic medical records for observational studies. J Healthc Inform Res. 2022;6:385\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41666-022-00119-w.","journal-title":"J Healthc Inform Res"},{"key":"82_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1768302","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1768302","volume":"17","author":"H Liang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Liang H, Wang B, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Chen X, Xu Y, et al. Systemic immuno-metabolic inflammatory indices (neutrophil-to-HDL cholesterol ratio and systemic inflammation response index) are strongly associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A propensity score-matched study. Front Immunol. 2026;17:1768302 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1768302.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"82_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12359","volume":"37","author":"PK Verkicharla","year":"2017","unstructured":"Verkicharla PK, Suheimat M, Schmid KL, Atchison DA. Differences in retinal shape between East Asian and Caucasian eyes. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2017;37:275\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.12359.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"82_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1076\/ceyr.27.2.61.15454","volume":"27","author":"GF Schmid","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schmid GF. Variability of retinal steepness at the posterior pole in children 7-15 years of age. Curr Eye Res. 2003;27:61\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1076\/ceyr.27.2.61.15454.","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"82_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1097\/opx.0000000000000905","volume":"93","author":"PK Verkicharla","year":"2016","unstructured":"Verkicharla PK, Suheimat M, Schmid KL, Atchison DA. Peripheral refraction, peripheral eye length, and retinal shape in myopia. Optom Vis Sci. 2016;93:1072\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/opx.0000000000000905.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12057","volume":"33","author":"TT Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee TT, Cho P. Relative peripheral refraction in children: twelve-month changes in eyes with different ametropias. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2013;33:283\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.12057.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"82_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.5.53","volume":"61","author":"HY Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang HY, Lam CSY, Tang WC, Leung M, To CH. Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments spectacle lenses changed the relative peripheral refraction: a 2-year randomized clinical trial. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020;61:53 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.61.5.53.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2009.10.004","volume":"50","author":"X Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen X, Sankaridurg P, Donovan L, Lin Z, Li L, Martinez A, et al. Characteristics of peripheral refractive errors of myopic and non-myopic Chinese eyes. Vision Res. 2010;50:31\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.visres.2009.10.004.","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"key":"82_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-0875","volume":"45","author":"NS Logan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Logan NS, Gilmartin B, Wildsoet CF, Dunne MC. Posterior retinal contour in adult human anisomyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45:2152\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.03-0875.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.01.029","volume":"201","author":"Y Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li Y, Wei Q, Le A, Gawargious BA, Demer JL. Rectus extraocular muscle paths and staphylomata in high myopia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2019;201:37\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.01.029.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"82_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.64.14.19","volume":"64","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Tang W, Liang J, Zhou X, Chen S, Zhi Z. Spontaneously myopic guinea pig: model of early pathologic myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2023;64:19 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.64.14.19.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1167\/16.10.21","volume":"16","author":"HF Zhu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhu HF, Zele AJ, Suheimat M, Lambert AJ, Atchison DA. Peripheral detection and resolution with mid-\/long-wavelength and short-wavelength sensitive cone systems. J Vis. 2016;16:21 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/16.10.21.","journal-title":"J Vis"},{"key":"82_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000979","volume":"93","author":"DA Atchison","year":"2016","unstructured":"Atchison DA, Rosen R. The possible role of peripheral refraction in development of myopia. Optom Vis Sci. 2016;93:1042\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000979.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3965","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-0445","volume":"46","author":"EL Smith","year":"2005","unstructured":"Smith EL, Kee CS, Ramamirtham R, Qiao-Grider Y, Hung LF. Peripheral vision can influence eye growth and refractive development in infant monkeys. Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 2005;46:3965\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.05-0445.","journal-title":"Invest Ophth Vis Sci"},{"key":"82_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2017.263","volume":"32","author":"X Yu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yu X, Ma W, Liu B, Li Z, Zhao X, Tanumiharjo S, et al. Morphological analysis and quantitative evaluation of myopic maculopathy by three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Eye. 2018;32:782\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.2017.263.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"82_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2015.0471","volume":"133","author":"K Zadnik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zadnik K, Sinnott LT, Cotter SA, Jones-Jordan LA, Kleinstein RN, Manny RE, et al. Prediction of juvenile-onset myopia. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2015;133:683\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2015.0471.","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"82_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2596953","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2596953","volume":"2019","author":"A Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang A, Yang C. Influence of overnight orthokeratology lens treatment zone decentration on myopia progression. J Ophthalmol. 2019;2019:2596953 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/2596953.","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"82_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4919154","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4919154","volume":"2020","author":"HY Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun HY, Lu WY, You JY, Kuo HY. Peripheral refraction in myopic children with and without atropine usage. J Ophthalmol. 2020;2020:4919154 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/4919154.","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"82_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Breher K, Calabuig A, K\u00fchlewein L, Ziemssen F, Ohlendorf A, Wahl S. Comparison of methods for estimating retinal shape: peripheral refraction vs. Optical coherence tomography. J Clin Med. 2021;10 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10020174","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10020174"},{"key":"82_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12892","volume":"103","author":"IO Koumbo Mekountchou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Koumbo Mekountchou IO, Conrad F, Sankaridurg P, Ehrmann K. Peripheral eye length measurement techniques: a review. Clin Exp Optom. 2020;103:138\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cxo.12892.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44402-026-00082-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44402-026-00082-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44402-026-00082-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T14:36:04Z","timestamp":1783694164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44402-026-00082-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["82"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44402-026-00082-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-5408","1475-1313"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-5408","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-1313","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 March 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 March 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 April 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}},{"value":"Guardians of participants signed informed consent regarding participating in the study and publishing their data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}},{"value":"Tianli Peng, None; Li Zhang, None; Wenjun Xu, None; Meijun Wang, None; Ningli Wang, None; David A. Atchison, None; Shi-Ming Li, None.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Commercial Relationships Disclosure"}}]}}