{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T13:04:22Z","timestamp":1784811862438,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the United Kingdom (UK), the role of optometry has advanced beyond sight testing to the delivery of clinical and medical treatment of the eye. Over the past decade, optometrists have become increasingly involved in ophthalmic laser treatments. To better understand the scope, autonomy and training requirements of optometrists involved in laser provision, this study sought to survey optometrists performing laser treatment in the hospital eye service.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional survey of hospital optometrists conducting laser procedures in the UK. During a 6-week period from May to June 2025, an electronic survey was disseminated to all hospital optometrists who had opted to be included on a centralised UK database and via established professional communication channels. The survey was divided into two sections. The first section collected demographic data while the second section explored application and training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Seventy-five hospital optometrists responded to the survey. The typical amount of time per week (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard deviation) performing laser procedures was 5\u2009h (\u00b12). Over 90% reported they work independently and autonomously when performing laser procedures. The most commonly performed procedures were Nd:YAG capsulotomy, selective laser trabeculoplasty and peripheral laser iridotomy. Ninety per cent of respondents had undertaken internal training. A significant association was found between the number of years qualified and duration of performing laser procedures (Fisher\u2019s exact test,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). No independent factors relating to the scope of practice or autonomy were identified via multivariable logistic regression (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study strongly suggests that hospital optometrists perform ophthalmic laser procedures autonomously across the UK. Activity predominantly relates to cataract and glaucoma care. Within these areas, hospital optometrists readily conduct laser procedures such as Nd:YAG capsulotomy and selective laser trabeculoplasty. The results of this study suggest that, presently, national clinical guidelines do not reflect this autonomy and should be amended accordingly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s44402-026-00107-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T07:02:19Z","timestamp":1779174139000},"page":"952-958","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Survey of Hospital Optometrists Performing Ophthalmic Laser Procedures in the United Kingdom"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1320-559X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Grant","family":"Robinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5888-0019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deacon","family":"Harle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"107_CR1","unstructured":"World Council of Optometry. 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DH leads the Cardiff University Ophthalmic Therapeutic Laser Procedures module referenced in this study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing Interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Cardiff University School of Optometry and Vision Sciences Research Ethics Committee (reference SREC 1640).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"Before progressing to the main body of the survey, participants were required to read a preamble. This provided an overview of the research, a link to a detailed participant information sheet and a statement of informed consent.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to Participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"Before progressing to the main body of the survey, participants were required to read a preamble. This provided an overview of the research and a link to a detailed participant information sheet, which specified, as part of the informed consent process, that outcomes from the analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to Publish","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}