{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T03:54:39Z","timestamp":1791345279309,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013365","name":"West China Hospital, Sichuan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HX-H2202035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HX-H2202035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013365","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fang Qianxun-Tang Zeyuan Ophthalmic Clinical Medicine Charity Project"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s44402-026-00165-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T16:33:59Z","timestamp":1785947639000},"page":"1128-1132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Real-world Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Highly Aspherical Lenslets and Orthokeratology In Anisomyopic Children"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8215-2806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianglan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Vincent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longqian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"165_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12171","volume":"97","author":"SJ Vincent","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vincent SJ, Collins MJ, Read SA, Carney LG. Myopic anisometropia: ocular characteristics and aetiological considerations. Clin Exp Optom. 2014;97:291\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cxo.12171.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"165_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2013.05.001","volume":"36","author":"BT Barrett","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barrett BT, Bradley A, Candy TR. The relationship between anisometropia and amblyopia. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2013;36:120\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2013.05.001.","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"165_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8015","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-15347","volume":"55","author":"S Narayanasamy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Narayanasamy S, Vincent SJ, Sampson GP, Wood JM. Simulated hyperopic anisometropia and reading, visual information processing and reading-related eye movement performance in children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55:8015\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.14-15347.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"165_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3390\/vision9010022","volume":"9","author":"V Marshev","year":"2025","unstructured":"Marshev V, de Bougrenet de la Tocnaye JL, Nourrit V. Accommodative response to asymmetrical accommodative stimuli. Vision (Basel). 2025;9:22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vision9010022.","journal-title":"Vision (Basel)"},{"key":"165_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12225","volume":"35","author":"SJ Vincent","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vincent SJ, Collins MJ, Read SA, Ghosh A, Chen C, Lam A, et al. The short-term accommodation response to aniso-accommodative stimuli in isometropia. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2015;35:552\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.12225.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"165_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/6525136","volume":"2024","author":"CC Zhuang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhuang CC, Zhang L, Pan SS, Wang YN, Guo JX. Accommodation and binocular vision in children with myopic anisometropia. J Ophthalmol. 2024;2024:6525136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/6525136.","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"165_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-01309-3","volume":"15","author":"Y Cao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cao Y, Ye J, Nie A, Sun D, Yang MM. Correlation between binocular vision function and visual fatigue in school-age children with myopic anisometropia. Sci Rep. 2025;15:17473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-01309-3.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"165_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001315","volume":"96","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Chen Y. Effect of orthokeratology on axial length elongation in anisomyopic children. Optom Vis Sci. 2019;96:43\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001315.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"165_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13365","volume":"44","author":"J Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang J, Cheung SW, Bian S, Wang X, Liu L, Cho P. Anisomyopia and orthokeratology for myopia control\u2014axial elongation and relative peripheral refraction. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2024;44:1261\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.13365.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"165_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-71142-3","volume":"10","author":"WS Tsai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tsai WS, Wang JH, Chiu CJ. A comparative study of orthokeratology and low-dose atropine for the treatment of anisomyopia in children. Sci Rep. 2020;10:14176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-71142-3.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"165_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-023-06301-z","volume":"262","author":"W Lin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lin W, Li N, Liu J, Zhang B, Wei R. Relative corneal refractive power shift and inter-eye differential axial growth in children with myopic anisometropia treated with bilateral orthokeratology. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2024;262:1203\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-023-06301-z.","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"165_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000848","volume":"48","author":"N Ji","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ji N, Niu Y, Qin J, Fu AC, Cui C. Orthokeratology lenses versus administration of 0.01% atropine eye drops for axial length elongation in children with myopic anisometropia. Eye Contact Lens. 2022;48:45\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000848.","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"165_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optom.2025.100578","volume":"18","author":"J Lu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lu J, Long W, Zheng B, Liang Z, Hou F, Cui D. Effects of weekly unilateral application of 1% atropine on reducing anisometropia in Chinese children with low myopia. J Optom. 2025;18:100578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.optom.2025.100578.","journal-title":"J Optom"},{"key":"165_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000097","volume":"90","author":"L Lin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lin L, Lan W, Liao Y, Zhao F, Chen C, Yang Z. Treatment outcomes of myopic anisometropia with 1% atropine: a pilot study. Optom Vis Sci. 2013;90:1486\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000097.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"165_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-025-04134-4","volume":"25","author":"M Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen M, Yang X, Yu X, Lei H, Mao X. Comparing the effects of orthokeratology lenses and highly aspherical lenslets on axial length in myopic anisometropia. BMC Ophthalmol. 2025;25:312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12886-025-04134-4.","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"165_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.14.3.8","volume":"14","author":"W Xu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xu W, Li X, Zhang J, Li H, Ding X, Hu X, et al. The peripheral defocus designed spectacle lenses might increase astigmatism in myopic children. Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2025;14:8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/tvst.14.3.8.","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"key":"165_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.70030","volume":"45","author":"S Kearney","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kearney S, Shah R, Vlasak N. The role of astigmatism in myopia development, myopia progression and myopia control. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2025;45:1946\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.70030.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"165_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13503","volume":"45","author":"J Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang J, Vincent SJ, Liu L, Bian S, Cho P. Subfoveal choroidal thickness and axial length changes with orthokeratology in bilateral anisomyopia. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2025;45:1049\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.13503.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"165_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2021.05.024","volume":"120","author":"HR Tsai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tsai HR, Wang JH, Chiu CJ. Effect of orthokeratology on anisometropia control: a meta-analysis. J Formos Med Assoc. 2021;120:2120\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfma.2021.05.024.","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"165_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2019.1701685","volume":"45","author":"W Long","year":"2020","unstructured":"Long W, Li Z, Hu Y, Cui D, Zhai Z, Yang X. Pattern of axial length growth in children myopic anisometropes with orthokeratology treatment. Curr Eye Res. 2020;45:834\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02713683.2019.1701685.","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"165_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2019.02.001","volume":"118","author":"WS Tsai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tsai WS, Wang JH, Lee YC, Chiu CJ. Assessing the change of anisometropia in unilateral myopic children receiving monocular orthokeratology treatment. J Formos Med Assoc. 2019;118:1122\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfma.2019.02.001.","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"165_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1082472","volume":"2019","author":"G Carracedo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Carracedo G, Espinosa-Vidal TM, Mart\u00ednez-Alberquilla I, Batres L. The topographical effect of optical zone diameter in orthokeratology contact lenses in high myopes. J Ophthalmol. 2019;2019:1082472. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/1082472.","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"165_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.01.007","volume":"130","author":"J Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu J, Lu Y, Huang D, Yang J, Fan C, Chen C, et al. The efficacy of defocus incorporated multiple segments lenses in slowing myopia progression: results from diverse clinical circumstances. Ophthalmology. 2023;130:542\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.01.007.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"165_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-10099-7","volume":"15","author":"L Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang L, Zhang Q, Zhou T, Yu W, Wang J, Li R, et al. Association between myopia progression and cylinder power progression in defocus incorporated multiple segments lens wearers. Sci Rep. 2025;15:24143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-10099-7.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"165_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-1370","volume":"49","author":"CS Kee","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kee CS, Deng L. Astigmatism associated with experimentally induced myopia or hyperopia in chickens. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49:858\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.06-1370.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"165_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E248","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OPX.0000159357.61498.6B","volume":"82","author":"CS Kee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kee CS, Hung LF, Qiao-grider YI, Ramamirtham R, Smith EL III. Astigmatism in monkeys with experimentally induced myopia or hyperopia. Optom Vis Sci. 2005;82:E248 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.OPX.0000159357.61498.6B.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"165_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12960","volume":"103","author":"RP Hughes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hughes RP, Vincent SJ, Read SA, Collins MJ. Higher order aberrations, refractive error development and myopia control: a review. Clin Exp Optom. 2020;103:68\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cxo.12960.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"165_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001112","volume":"94","author":"C Fedtke","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fedtke C, Ehrmann K, Thomas V, Bakaraju RC. Peripheral refraction and aberration profiles with multifocal lenses. Optom Vis Sci. 2017;94:876\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001112.","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44402-026-00165-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44402-026-00165-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44402-026-00165-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:51:59Z","timestamp":1788515519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44402-026-00165-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["165"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44402-026-00165-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-5408","1475-1313"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-5408","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-1313","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 July 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 July 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing Interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, approved by the ethics committee of the West China Hospital [No. 2024 review (902)].","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"As this was a retrospective study, written informed consent was waived by the ethics committee.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Patient Consent Statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}