{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T05:55:43Z","timestamp":1788242143767,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7-9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752883200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Saudi Dent. J."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s44445-025-00039-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T06:39:10Z","timestamp":1752907150000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Global prevalence of dental caries in the older people, 1991 to 2024: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1444-0780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasaman","family":"Almasvandi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narges","family":"Ziaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7635-7255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Kazeminia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9752-8244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parvin","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"39_CR1","first-page":"57","volume":"7","author":"R Agrawal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Agrawal R, Gautam NR, Kumar PM, Kadhiresan R, Saxena V, Jain S (2015) Assessment of dental caries and periodontal disease status among elderly residing in old age homes of Madhya Pradesh. Journal of International Oral Health: JIOH 7(8):57","journal-title":"Journal of International Oral Health: JIOH"},{"issue":"3","key":"39_CR2","first-page":"96","volume":"3","author":"WO Amulla","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amulla WO, Obey JK, Onyango DO (2020) Dental Self-Care Habits and Self-Reported Caries Amongst the Elderly in South-Western Kenya. Dental Research and Oral Health 3(3):96\u2013106","journal-title":"Dental Research and Oral Health"},{"key":"39_CR3","unstructured":"Arpin S, Brodeur J-M, Corbeil P. Dental caries, problems perceived and use of services among institutionalized elderly in 3 regions of Quebec, Canada. Journal of the Canadian Dental Association. 2008;74(9)."},{"issue":"12","key":"39_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2898","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11122898","volume":"11","author":"D Azzolino","year":"2019","unstructured":"Azzolino D, Passarelli PC, De Angelis P, Piccirillo GB, D\u2019Addona A, Cesari M (2019) Poor oral health as a determinant of malnutrition and sarcopenia. Nutrients 11(12):2898","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"39_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01175-7","volume":"20","author":"MH Bakker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bakker MH, Vissink A, Spoorenberg SL, Wynia K, Visser A (2020) Self-reported oral health problems and the ability to organize dental care of community-dwelling elderly aged\u2265 75 years. BMC Oral Health 20:1\u20139","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"39_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00172.x","volume":"19","author":"D Beighton","year":"1991","unstructured":"Beighton D, Hellyer P, Lynch E, Heath M (1991) Salivary levels of mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, yeasts, and root caries prevalence in non-institutionalized elderly dental patients. Commun Dent Oral Epidemiol 19(5):302\u2013307","journal-title":"Commun Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"39_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2022.104335","volume":"127","author":"R Borg-Bartolo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Borg-Bartolo R, Roccuzzo A, Molinero-Mourelle P, Schimmel M, Gambetta-Tessini K, Chaurasia A et al (2022) Global prevalence of edentulism and dental caries in middle-aged and elderly persons: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 127:104335","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"4","key":"39_CR8","first-page":"413","volume":"76","author":"D Bourgeois","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bourgeois D, Nihtila A, Mersel A (1998) Prevalence of caries and edentulousness among 65\u201374-year-olds in Europe. Bull World Health Organ 76(4):413","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"1","key":"39_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1001\/amajethics.2022.89","volume":"24","author":"J Braunold","year":"2022","unstructured":"Braunold J (2022) Why Don\u2019t Medicare and Medicaid Cover Dental Health Services? AMA J Ethics 24(1):89\u201398","journal-title":"AMA J Ethics"},{"issue":"4","key":"39_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.3109\/00016359609003533","volume":"54","author":"E Budtz-J\u00f8rgensen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Budtz-J\u00f8rgensen E, Mojon P, Rentsch A, Roehrich N, von der Muehll D, Baehni P (1996) Caries prevalence and associated predisposing conditions in recently hospitalized elderly persons. Acta Odontol Scand 54(4):251\u2013256","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"39_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caljouw MA, den Elzen WP, Cools HJ, Gussekloo J. Predictive factors of urinary tract infections among the oldest old in the general population. A population-based prospective follow-up study. BMC medicine. 2011;9:1\u20138.","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-57"},{"issue":"3","key":"39_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3390\/geriatrics6030076","volume":"6","author":"AKY Chan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chan AKY, Tamrakar M, Jiang CM, Lo ECM, Leung KCM, Chu C-H (2021a) Common medical and dental problems of older adults: a narrative review. Geriatrics 6(3):76","journal-title":"Geriatrics"},{"issue":"20","key":"39_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10662","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182010662","volume":"18","author":"AKY Chan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chan AKY, Tamrakar M, Jiang CM, Lo ECM, Leung KCM, Chu CH (2021b) A systematic review on caries status of older adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 18(20):10662","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"39_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-311X00132214","volume":"31","author":"OU de Salud","year":"2015","unstructured":"de Salud OU (2015) Dental caries in Uruguayan adults and elders: findings from the first Uruguayan National Oral Health Survey Caries dental en adultos y adultos mayores uruguayos: resultados del primer Estudio. Cad Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica 31(8):1663\u20131672","journal-title":"Cad Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"},{"issue":"3","key":"39_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2009.00461.x","volume":"37","author":"M Du","year":"2009","unstructured":"Du M, Jiang H, Tai B, Zhou Y, Wu B, Bian Z (2009) Root caries patterns and risk factors of middle-aged and elderly people in China. Commun Dent Oral Epidemiol 37(3):260\u2013266","journal-title":"Commun Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"39_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1159\/000487827","volume":"27","author":"J Frencken","year":"2018","unstructured":"Frencken J (2018) Caries epidemiology and its challenges. Monogr Oral Sci 27:11\u201323","journal-title":"Monogr Oral Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"39_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1159\/000331920","volume":"45","author":"H Fujita","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fujita H, Hashimoto H, Shoda S, Suzuki T (2011) Dental caries prevalence as a product of agriculture and subsistence pattern at the Yean-ri site. South Korea Caries Research 45(6):524\u2013531","journal-title":"South Korea Caries Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"39_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e503","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-2358.2011.00507.x","volume":"29","author":"A Holm\u00e9n","year":"2012","unstructured":"Holm\u00e9n A, Str\u00f6mberg E, Hagman-Gustafsson ML, W\u00e5rdh I, Gabre P (2012) Oral status in home-dwelling elderly dependent on moderate or substantial supportive care for daily living: prevalence of edentulous subjects, caries and periodontal disease. Gerodontology 29(2):e503\u2013e511","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"issue":"2","key":"39_CR19","first-page":"207","volume":"62","author":"JA Horst","year":"2018","unstructured":"Horst JA, Tanzer JM, Milgrom PM (2018) Fluorides and other preventive strategies for tooth decay. Dental Clinics 62(2):207\u2013234","journal-title":"Dental Clinics"},{"issue":"2","key":"39_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2006.01547.x","volume":"33","author":"S Imazato","year":"2006","unstructured":"Imazato S, Ikebe K, Nokubi T, Ebisu S, Walls A (2006) Prevalence of root caries in a selected population of older adults in Japan. J Oral Rehabil 33(2):137\u2013143","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"39_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0284895","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0284895","volume":"18","author":"T Jayawardhana","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jayawardhana T, Anuththara S, Nimnadi T, Karadanaarachchi R, Jayathilaka R, Galappaththi K (2023) Asian ageing: The relationship between the elderly population and economic growth in the Asian context. PLoS ONE 18(4):e0284895","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"39_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1080\/00016350903054980","volume":"67","author":"CN Johanson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Johanson CN, \u00d6sterberg T, Steen B, Birkhed D (2009) Prevalence and incidence of dental caries and related risk factors in 70-to 76-year-olds. Acta Odontol Scand 67(5):304\u2013312","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"39_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10029-1132","volume":"5","author":"M Joshi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Joshi M, Tailor M, Pala A (2010) Prevalence of dental caries, periodontal diseases, and periapical pathoses among patients attending a tertiary dental care center in Central Gujarat: A hospital-based cross-sectional study. International Journal of Experimental Dental Science 5(2):89\u201392","journal-title":"International Journal of Experimental Dental Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"39_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.4103\/2319-5932.195828","volume":"14","author":"P Kahar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kahar P, Harvey IS, Tisone CA, Khanna D (2016) Prevalence of dental caries, patterns of oral hygiene behaviors, and daily habits in rural central India: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry 14(4):389\u2013396","journal-title":"Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry"},{"key":"39_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-019-0847-9","volume":"19","author":"D Kalanzi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kalanzi D, Mayanja-Kizza H, Nakanjako D, Mwesigwa CL, Ssenyonga R, Amaechi BT (2019) Prevalence and factors associated with dental caries in patients attending an HIV care clinic in Uganda: a cross sectional study. BMC Oral Health 19:1\u20138","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"39_CR26","first-page":"30","volume":"65","author":"SF Kane","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kane SF (2017) The effects of oral health on systemic health. Gen Dent 65(6):30\u201334","journal-title":"Gen Dent"},{"key":"39_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13005-020-00237-z","volume":"16","author":"M Kazeminia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kazeminia M, Abdi A, Shohaimi S, Jalali R, Vaisi-Raygani A, Salari N et al (2020) Dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children\u2019s worldwide, 1995 to 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Face Med 16:1\u201321","journal-title":"Head Face Med"},{"key":"39_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4425-7","volume":"33","author":"L Lin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lin L, Chu H, Murad MH, Hong C, Qu Z, Cole SR et al (2018) Empirical comparison of publication bias tests in meta-analysis. J Gen Intern Med 33:1260\u20131267","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"39_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e78723","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078723","volume":"8","author":"L Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu L, Zhang Y, Wu W, Cheng M, Li Y, Cheng R (2013) Prevalence and correlates of dental caries in an elderly population in northeast China. PLoS ONE 8(11):e78723","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"39_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-15583-1","volume":"23","author":"S Lobanov-Rostovsky","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lobanov-Rostovsky S, He Q, Chen Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Liu Y et al (2023) Growing old in China in socioeconomic and epidemiological context: systematic review of social care policy for older people. BMC Public Health 23(1):1272","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"39_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610216001538","volume":"28","author":"BM Luchesi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Luchesi BM, da Silva AT, de Oliveira NA, Brigola AG, Kusumota L, Pavarini SCI et al (2016) Factors associated with attitudes toward the elderly in a sample of elderly caregivers. Int Psychogeriatr 28(12):2079\u20132089","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"39_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3109\/00016359709114965","volume":"55","author":"M Lundgren","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lundgren M, Emilson C-G, \u00d6sterberg T, Steen G, Birkhed D, Steen B (1997) Dental caries and related factors in 88-and 92-year-olds: cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons. Acta Odontol Scand 55(5):282\u2013291","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"issue":"1","key":"39_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1741-2358.2003.00001.x","volume":"21","author":"F Mack","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mack F, Mojon P, Budtz-J\u00f8rgensen E, Kocher T, Splieth C, Schwahn C et al (2004) Caries and periodontal disease of the elderly in Pomerania, Germany: results of the Study of Health in Pomerania. Gerodontology 21(1):27\u201336","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"issue":"3","key":"39_CR34","first-page":"147","volume":"13","author":"Z Munn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Munn Z, Moola S, Lisy K, Riitano D, Tufanaru C (2015) Methodological guidance for systematic reviews of observational epidemiological studies reporting prevalence and cumulative incidence data. JBI Evidence Implementation 13(3):147\u2013153","journal-title":"JBI Evidence Implementation"},{"issue":"1","key":"39_CR35","first-page":"110","volume":"14","author":"N Namal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Namal N, Can G, Vehid S, Koksal S, Kaypmaz A (2008) Dental health status and risk factors for dental caries in adults in Istanbul, Turkey. EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 14(1):110\u2013118","journal-title":"EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"39_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.15171\/jcs.2019.015","volume":"8","author":"V Naseri-Salahshour","year":"2019","unstructured":"Naseri-Salahshour V, Abredari H, Sajadi M, Sabzaligol M, Karimy M (2019) The effect of oral health promotion program on early dental decay in students: A cluster randomized controlled trial. J Caring Sci 8(2):105","journal-title":"J Caring Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"39_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.5834\/jdh.44.2","volume":"44","author":"Y Okawa","year":"1994","unstructured":"Okawa Y, Sugihara N, Maki Y, Ishihara H, Takaesu Y (1994) Prevalence of root caries in an elderly population. JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH 44(1):2\u20138","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF DENTAL HEALTH"},{"key":"39_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-018-0701-5","volume":"19","author":"LB Ort\u00edz-Barrios","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ort\u00edz-Barrios LB, Granados-Garc\u00eda V, Cruz-Hervert P, Moreno-Tamayo K, Heredia-Ponce E, S\u00e1nchez-Garc\u00eda S (2019) The impact of poor oral health on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in older adults: the oral health status through a latent class analysis. BMC Oral Health 19:1\u201310","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"39_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1080\/00016357.2017.1357080","volume":"75","author":"N Oscarson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Oscarson N, Espelid I, J\u00f6nsson B (2017) Is caries equally distributed in adults? A population-based cross-sectional study in Norway\u2013the TOHNN-study. Acta Odontol Scand 75(8):557\u2013563","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"39_CR40","first-page":"372","volume":"2021","author":"MJ Page","year":"2020","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, The PRISMA et al (2020) statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed) 2021:372","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed)"},{"issue":"3","key":"39_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.4103\/jispcd.JISPCD_42_21","volume":"11","author":"P Pandey","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pandey P, Nandkeoliar T, Tikku A, Singh D, Singh MK (2021) Prevalence of dental caries in the Indian population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry 11(3):256\u2013265","journal-title":"Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"39_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.36557\/2674-8169.2019v1n2p25","volume":"1","author":"\u00c9C Paraguassu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paraguassu \u00c9C, dos Passos LJ (2019) Oral health of the elderly in Brazil: Systematic review. Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences 1(2):25\u201333","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"39_CR43","first-page":"7","volume":"10","author":"AC Pashayev","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pashayev AC, Mammadov FU, Huseinova ST (2011) An investigation into the prevalence of dental caries and its treatment among the adult population with low socio-economic status in baku, azerbaijan. OHDM 10(1):7\u201312","journal-title":"OHDM"},{"issue":"2","key":"39_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.40460","volume":"19","author":"BK Patro","year":"2008","unstructured":"Patro BK, Kumar BR, Goswami A, Mathur VP, Nongkynrih B (2008) Prevalence of dental caries among adults and elderly in an urban resettlement colony of New Delhi. Indian J Dent Res 19(2):95\u201398","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"39_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s42379-023-00138-z","volume":"7","author":"D Peng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peng D (2023) Negative population growth and population ageing in China. China Population and Development Studies 7(2):95\u2013103","journal-title":"China Population and Development Studies"},{"issue":"10194","key":"39_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31146-8","volume":"394","author":"MA Peres","year":"2019","unstructured":"Peres MA, Macpherson LM, Weyant RJ, Daly B, Venturelli R, Mathur MR et al (2019) Oral diseases: a global public health challenge. The Lancet 394(10194):249\u2013260","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"39_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-2358.2009.00313.x","volume":"27","author":"M Rabiei","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rabiei M, Kasemnezhad E, Masoudi rad H, Shakiba M, Pourky H (2010) Prevalence of oral and dental disorders in institutionalised elderly people in Rashr, Iran. Gerodontology 27(3):174\u20137","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"issue":"1","key":"39_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03380-0","volume":"20","author":"F Rajati","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rajati F, Ahmadi N, Naghibzadeh ZA-S, Kazeminia M (2022) The global prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in different populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of translational medicine 20(1):175","journal-title":"Journal of translational medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"39_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.IJDR_356_17","volume":"30","author":"S Salunke","year":"2019","unstructured":"Salunke S, Shah V, Ostbye T, Gandhi A, Phalgune D, Ogundare MO et al (2019) Prevalence of dental caries, oral health awareness and treatment-seeking behavior of elderly population in rural Maharashtra. Indian J Dent Res 30(3):332\u2013336","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"key":"39_CR50","first-page":"20","volume":"2","author":"K Seman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Seman K, Manaf A, Ismail A (2007) Dental caries experience of elderly people living in \u201cPondok\u201d in Kelantan. Arch Orofac Sci 2:20\u201325","journal-title":"Arch Orofac Sci"},{"key":"39_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-01802-x","volume":"21","author":"AA Siddiqui","year":"2021","unstructured":"Siddiqui AA, Alshammary F, Mulla M, Al-Zubaidi SM, Afroze E, Amin J et al (2021) Prevalence of dental caries in Pakistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 21:1\u201312","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"39_CR52","first-page":"523","volume":"44","author":"R Srivastava","year":"2013","unstructured":"Srivastava R, Gupta SK, Mathur VP, Goswami A, Nongkynrih B (2013) Prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases, and their association with socio-demographic risk factors among older persons in Delhi, India: A community-based study. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 44(3):523\u2013533","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"39_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05492-2","volume":"24","author":"M Tanr\u0131verdi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tanr\u0131verdi M, Heybeli C, \u00c7al\u0131m \u00d6F, Durna M, \u00d6zturan O, Soysal P (2024) The relationship between oropharyngeal dysphagia and dehydration in older adults. BMC Geriatr 24(1):885","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"39_CR54","unstructured":"Theophilus L, Minja I, Lembariti B. Root Caries Prevalence and Associated Socio-Behavioral and Clinical Factors Among Elderly Patients Attending Selected Public Dental Clinics in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. 2021."},{"key":"39_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Utami S, Kusnanto H, Pramono D, editors. Evaluation of dental caries status among elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. AIP Conference Proceedings; 2024: AIP Publishing.","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0216045"},{"issue":"11","key":"39_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2000.0086","volume":"131","author":"JJ Warren","year":"2000","unstructured":"Warren JJ, Cowen HJ, Watkins CM, Hand JS (2000) Dental caries prevalence and dental care utilization among the very old. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 131(11):1571\u20139","journal-title":"The Journal of the American Dental Association."},{"issue":"6","key":"39_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0252578","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252578","volume":"16","author":"MT Yactayo-Alburquerque","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yactayo-Alburquerque MT, Alen-M\u00e9ndez ML, Aza\u00f1edo D, Comand\u00e9 D, Hern\u00e1ndez-V\u00e1squez A (2021) Impact of oral diseases on oral health-related quality of life: A systematic review of studies conducted in Latin America and the Caribbean. PLoS ONE 16(6):e0252578","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"11","key":"39_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4115","DOI":"10.18203\/2394-6040.ijcmph20233438","volume":"10","author":"SK Yadav","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yadav SK, Bist A (2023) Prevalence of dental caries and oral hygiene practices among elderly people: a descriptive cross-sectional study from Nepal. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health 10(11):4115","journal-title":"International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"39_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26237","volume":"93","author":"J Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang J, Hu J, Zhu C (2021) Obesity aggravates COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol 93(1):257\u2013261","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"39_CR60","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Cheng M, Li Y, Cheng R-B, Liu L. The investigation of dental caries among elderly people in northeast of China. Hua xi kou Qiang yi xue za zhi= Huaxi Kouqiang Yixue Zazhi= West China Journal of Stomatology. 2009;27(2):187\u201390."}],"container-title":["The Saudi Dental Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44445-025-00039-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44445-025-00039-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44445-025-00039-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T14:03:35Z","timestamp":1763129015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44445-025-00039-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7-9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["39"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44445-025-00039-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1013-9052","2524-1702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1013-9052","type":"print"},{"value":"2524-1702","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was received from the ethics committee of deputy of research and technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (IR.KUMS.REC.1403.710).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"31"}}