{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T11:43:03Z","timestamp":1776166983478,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030151331","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030151348","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This chapter formulates an approach to studying entrepreneurs abroad, using Portuguese nationals living in Luxembourg as a case study. Based on a survey of Portuguese entrepreneurs in Luxembourg, it analyses the determinants of entrepreneurial activity, the constraints entrepreneurs experienced, and the transnational economic links they established with their country of origin. It is argued that entrepreneurial initiatives are determined by the available resources and by certain incentives and pressures, and that decisions regarding the development of a business activity are complex, combining a diverse set of motivations. As shown throughout this chapter, Portuguese entrepreneurial activity results essentially from the identification of specific opportunities in the labour market and less from constraints imposed by the immigrant\u2019s employment history. The identification of these opportunities and the low level of bureaucratic difficulties experienced in initiating independent business activity results from familiarity with the sector\u2019s functioning. Data used also reveal that the construction and evolution of transnational relations is not an obvious or natural reality for all immigrant entrepreneurs. Spatial and temporal distance (between demand and supply of goods and services), the type of activity, and the nature of the product or marketed service all limit the development of transnational entrepreneurial relations with the origin country.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-15134-8_9","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T19:02:40Z","timestamp":1560798160000},"page":"171-189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Entrepreneurship Among Portuguese Nationals in Luxembourg"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"9_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/kykl.12101","volume":"69","author":"L Ald\u00e9n","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ald\u00e9n, L., & Hammarstedt, M. 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